The Semantics of Social Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-102
Author(s):  
Peter C. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
The West ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Domesticated Animals ◽  
Political Consensus ◽  
Comprehensive Reform ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Welfare State

The West German pensions reform bill of 1957 was the product of a decade-long discussion among German experts about the need for a comprehensive reform of social policy, elder poverty, and adequate pensions in a period of economic expansion. The ultimate bill maintained the income-linked Bismarckian pensions system, but increased payouts and linked them to the overall level of production in society, with the result of dramatically increasing pension levels. Despite harsh criticisms from the right, who argued that the new pensions system would create inflation, deform democracy, and make citizens into domesticated animals, the reform was passed overwhelmingly, forming one of the essential pillars of the West German welfare state. The successful bill was the product of an expert discussion that crossed party lines and pointed toward a new political consensus on the welfare state.

scholarly journals Welfare State Policy Model as A Poverty Reduction Strategy in the West Sumatra Districts and Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Azwar Azwar Azwar ◽  
Emeraldy Chatra ◽  
Zuldesni Zuldesni
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Model ◽  
The West ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

Poverty is one of the social problems that the government can never completely solve. As a result, other, more significant social issues arise and cause social vulnerability, such as conflict and crime. As a province that is experiencing rapid growth in the last ten years, the West Sumatra find difficulty to overcome the number of poor people in several districts and cities.  The research outcomes are the models and forms of social policy made by West Sumatra regencies and cities governments in improving the welfare of poor communities. It is also covering the constraints or obstacles to the implementation of social policy and the selection of welfare state models for the poor in some districts and municipalities of West Sumatra. This research is conducted qualitatively with a sociological approach that uses social perspective on searching and explaining social facts that happened to needy groups. Based on research conducted that the social policy model adopted by the government in responding to social problems in the districts and cities of West Sumatra reflects the welfare state model given to the poor. There is a strong relationship between the welfare state model and the form of social policy made by the government.

Perspectives for Transnational Social Policy

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abram de Swaan
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The West ◽  
National State ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Welfare State

WELFARE STATES ARE NATIONAL STATES, AND IN EVERY country welfare is a national concern, circumscribed by the nation's borders and reserved for its residents alone. In the course of centuries, these states have emerged from and against one another, in mutual competition, and in the past century this process of state formation in the West went in tandem with the collectivization of care. The welfare state is the national state in its latest phase. It may be succeeded by another stage which we may eventually see.

Richard Titmuss versus the IEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Richard Titmuss ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Welfare State

An influential strand of Jose Harris’s research has emphasized the importance of idealist political thought to the rise and fall of the British welfare state. Harris argues that the mid-twentieth-century demise of political theory about social policy left the welfare state vulnerable because its defenders lacked a philosophical discourse with the depth of idealism. This chapter tests this argument by looking in more detail at a case study from the post-1945 discussion about the welfare state: the debate between the group of socialist social policy academics associated with Richard Titmuss and the neo-liberals at the Institute of Economic Affairs spearheaded by Arthur Seldon. The chapter demonstrates that while the defenders of the Beveridgean welfare state lacked theoretical firepower when confronted by a philosophical counterblast from the right, the major weakness of the left’s social policy analysis was in fact a failure to contest the neo-liberal appropriation of economic theory.

Confusion and divergence: Origins and meanings of the term ‘welfare state’ in Germany and Britain, 1840–1940

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Petersen ◽  
Jørn Henrik Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Policy History ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Post War ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Welfare State

It is often stated that there is no standard definition of a ‘welfare state’. A survey of the standard textbooks supports this claim. It is also often the case that academic works on welfare state and social policy history earmark lines or even pages to discussing the origins of the term welfare state. However, these brief accounts are often wrong in the details and are missing important aspects. In our article we offer the first detailed study of the origin of the term ‘welfare state’ tracing it back to the mid-19th century Germany and following its diverse and changing definitions in the German and British context until the 1940s. The study adds decades to the conventional understanding of this history and offers a more nuanced understanding of the different definitions attributed to the term before its political breakthrough in the late 1940s. Projecting this post-war understanding backwards in time – what the literature generally does – is too simple and anachronistic. Both in Germany and Britain the dominating understandings differ from our present day understanding of the ‘welfare state’ as a social security system.

Creating the Welfare State in Britain, 1945–1960

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Whiteside
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Policy Studies ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
Fair Shares ◽  
State Welfare ◽  
Political Consensus ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Welfare State

ABSTRACTPolitical consensus on the scope and structure of the welfare state in post-war Britain has been much overstated. The Labour governments (1945–51), committed to universalism and a planned economy, gave state welfare a central role in guaranteeing ‘fair shares for all’ and used it to help secure union co-operation over wage restraint. The Conservative governments (1951–64), committed to the restoration of ‘sound finance’, abandoned these objectives and attacked components of the welfare state designed to control prices and mediate demands for higher wages. The author concludes that, for comparative social policy studies to be effective, differing frameworks of state welfare have to be more exactly defined.

scholarly journals IDEOLOGY AND WELFARE STATE: HOW POLITICAL PARTIES INFLUENCE SOCIAL POLICY? THE CASE OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348
Author(s):  
Elisabeta Bajrami Ollogu
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Welfare State

With the collapse of the former SFRY115, citizens, vulnerable groups in particular and the overall Macedonian society had to face the first decade of a prolonged transition, characterized by continuous reforms and rapid changes as a result of the newly emerging social conditions, ideological, political and economic challenges. The first decade of transitional period resulted in chaotic changes not only in the economic system, but in weaker measures of social protection and social security. With increased rates of unemployment, pensions and social security declining, health care services weakened, a number of legislative changes were introduced, both in terms of funding, administration and delivery of social policy services and institutional arrangements of social protection system. However, it has been shown that these policies and laws have not improved the overall situation of social beneficiary users nor have they helped to include them in the labor market.Since the independence of the country, social policies have undergone many changes broadly influenced by demographic factors, low economic growth and ideological ‘preferences’ of political parties governing the country so far. The question that naturally arises is: how much the measures applied have given rise to a positive change for the existence of the welfare state and to what extent it can be estimated that the social policies undertaken were influenced by ideological preferences? What is the legacy with the former state-socialist welfare tradition? Which were the main influences in the establishment of the welfare state in North Macedonia? Methodologically, this research is mainly characterized by literature review with the aim to analyze the social context in which reforms have undergone and being implemented. A document analysis of social policy documents will be used as well.

scholarly journals Dialectics and Modernity, Autonomy and Solidarity

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
J. M. Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The West ◽  
Crisis Of Modernity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dialectical Thought ◽  
The Welfare State

This article connects the contemporary crisis of modernity to the crisis of the Welfare State in the West and to its so far incomplete establishment in ‘Latin’-America, with special reference to Brazil. The reflexivisation of modernity is thus linked to a discussion of citizenship and social police which harks back to the definition of the principles of social policy, focusing on the possible alternative of ‘generative politics’ as a means of creating new forms of collective solidarity. The crisis of dialectical thought and the problem of social change are thereby tackled and a different way of understanding them is put forward, in accordance with new sorts of contemporary sociability.

From Solution to Problem

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-193
Author(s):  
Peter C. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Western World ◽  
Aid Workers ◽  
The West ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Welfare State

The 1970s and 1980s saw two important changes in the West German discussion of the welfare state. First, global trade put direct economic pressure on expensive welfare states in the western world. Second, the social science discussion of the welfare state shifted to a language of systems, which no longer viewed the welfare state as a tool of state or society, but asked about how systems of social policy could have unintended consequences—how social solutions could pose their own problems. Young Marxists, breaking with the SPD, questioned the possibility of a welfare state that could aid workers under capitalism; conservative state theorists questioned whether democracy, with its demands for state solutions, could paralyze the state. The result was a more complex reading of how the modern word created complex challenges for individuals and states alike, especially well articulated in the work of Kaufmann and Luhmann.

The Two World Wars and Social Policy in France

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
World War I ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Political Support ◽  
World War ◽  
Vichy Regime ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter traces the expansion of the French welfare state prompted by the two world wars. During World War I, local-level interventionism grew massively in areas such as hospitals, but also in unemployment assistance and housing. As pronatalism fuelled many reform efforts in the interwar years, national social policy became more important, closely connected to military motivations, and social insurance legislation was introduced with broad political support. The Vichy regime continued in a broadly expansionary direction, but it was only after liberation that a certain idea of statism, unique to France, was institutionalized. The Fourth Republic’s foundational myth revolved around the welfare state and social security coverage was extended, albeit in a fragmented manner.

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