Towards a Vernacular Study of Border Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Nick Vaughan-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Positioning Theory ◽  
Border Security ◽  
Subject Formation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Border Narratives ◽  
The One

This introductory chapter sets out the puzzle posed by the intensification of walling and deterrent security on the one hand and the proliferation of populist calls for tougher borders on the other. It argues that in order to address this puzzle it is necessary not only to consider the roles of governmental actors, media sources, and people on the move in the performance of Europe’s so-called ‘migration crisis’, but also the views, experiences, and political agency of EU citizens in whose name tougher border security is ultimately legitimized. While the nationalist populist mantra of ‘taking back control’ of borders and sovereignty claims to speak for large numbers of EU citizens, relatively little is known about how citizens conceptualize, understand, and talk about the ‘crisis’—and the twinned issues of migration and border security—in the context of their everyday lives. The discussion engages with theoretical and methodological debates about the status of the vernacular as a distinctive approach in the social sciences. It builds on existing interdisciplinary literature in order to develop a vernacular study of border security, which draws on positioning theory in order to understand subject formation in, and the wider political significance of, social conversations. It outlines how this vernacular approach was applied in the ‘Border Narratives’ project, the findings of which form the underpinning research for the book as a whole. Finally, it provides a map of the key arguments, summarizes main contributions, and explains how each chapter addresses a different facet of the above puzzle.

scholarly journals Status Loss: The Burden of Positively Selected Immigrants

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Engzell ◽  
Mathieu Ichou
Keyword(s):  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Position ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Country Differences ◽  
The One

Immigrants experience an ambiguous social position: on the one hand, they tend to be positively selected on resources from the origin country; on the other, they often occupy the lower rungs of the status ladder in receiving countries. This study explores the implications of this ambiguity for two important individual outcomes: subjective social status and perceived financial situation. We study the diverse sample of immigrants in the European Social Survey and use the fact that, due to country differences in educational distributions, a given education level can entail a very different rank in the sending and receiving countries. We document a robust relationship whereby immigrants who ranked higher in the origin than in the destination country see themselves as being comparatively worse off. This finding suggests that the social position before migration provides an important reference point by which immigrants judge their success in the new country.

scholarly journals Миграционный кризис в Европе и христианское милосердие: история одного прихода

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Ольга Евгеньевна Казьмина
Keyword(s):  
Social Service ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Christian Organizations ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Catholic Organizations ◽  
Migration Crisis

В статье на примере Италии анализируется социальная работа католических организаций, адресованная беженцам и иммигрантам. Работа написана с использованием полевого материала автора, собранного в одном из католических приходов Болоньи. Цель статьи – проанализировать отношение к миграционной ситуации в Европе ее крупнейшей конфессии – Римско-католической церкви – и изучить формы социального служения католических организаций среди беженцев и иммигрантов. Актуальность темы определяется тем, что задача адаптации беженцев и иммигрантов и их интеграции в принимающее общество остро стоит в настоящее время во многих европейских странах. Государства ищут приемлемые для себя пути этой интеграции. Законы, регулирующие иммиграцию и определяющие статус беженца и иммигранта, часто становятся предметом жарких политических споров. От светского дискурса о миграционном кризисе и мигрантах, зачастую подчеркивающего прежде всего права той или иной стороны, отличается дискурс религиозный. Позиция христианских организаций Европы заключается прежде всего в сострадании к беженцам и мигрантам и стремлении улучшить их долю. Миграционный кризис в Европе сделал европейские христианские организации более заметными и способствовал деприватизации религии в сильно секуляризованном обществе. Христианские организации, и в частности приходы и благотворительные структуры Римско-католической церкви стали важными акторами в выстраивании отношений с мигрантами и их интеграции в европейское общество. Ключевые слова: Миграция, Европа, Италия, Римско-католическая церковь, социальное служение. The article, using Italy as an example, analyzes the social work of Catholic organizations, addressed to refugees and immigrants. It is based on the author's field material, collected in one of the Catholic parishes of Bologna. The goal of the article is to analyze the attitudes to the migration situation in Europe from the part of its largest denomination – the Roman Catholic Church – and to study forms of social service of Catholic organizations among refugees and immigrants. The significance of the topic is determined by the fact that now many European states face the challenge of adaptation of refugees and immigrants and their integration into the host society. They are looking for acceptable ways of this integration. The laws that regulate immigration and stipulate the status of a refugee and an immigrant often provoke heated political debates. The secular discourse about the migration crisis, which usually emphasizes the rights of one of the sides, differs from the religious discourse. The position of Christian organizations of Europe consists first of all in the compassion to refugees and migrants and in the hope to possibly improve their fate. The migration crisis in Europe made European Christian organizations more visible and contributed to deprivatization of religion in a highly secular society. Christian organizations in general and Roman Catholic parishes and charity structures in particular became important actors in building relations with migrants and integrating them into the European society. Key Words Migration, Europe, Italy, Roman Catholic Church, social service.

“Subjunctive design” as a means of developing professional and civic identity among young peopl

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-52
Author(s):  
Ю.Ю. Александрова ◽  
И.В. Кохова ◽  
Н.С. Пряжников ◽  
Е.Ю. Пряжникова
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Psychological Educational ◽  
The One

В статье обосновывается статус «сослагательного проектирования» как перспективного метода психолого-педагогической и профориентационной работы со школьниками и студентами, в основе которого — стремление рассмотреть возможные варианты развития страны, ее регионов и городов, а также конкретных профессий, с учетом готовности молодежи реализовать себя в этих профессиях на благо общества и в соответствии со своими собственными интересами. Кроме того, анализируются проблемы и риски, возможные в процессе практического использования метода «сослагательного проектирования», в частности риски персонификации и чрезмерного «раздувания» реально существующих в обществе и экономике проблем, что провоцирует нежелательную критику власти и даже экстремистские настроения. В качестве противодействия этим рискам предлагается направлять творческую энергию школьников и студентов в конструктивное русло, нацеливая их на поиск путей делового сотрудничества с теми, кто реально обладает властью и другими возможностями, но пока недостаточно использует их для развития страны. При этом эмоциональная включенность участников в обсуждение перспектив развития страны должна рассматриваться как показатель сопричастности, неравнодушия к процессам трансформации России, что соотносимо и с профессиональной, и с гражданской идентичностью. В статье также приводятся примеры использования конкретных профориентационных методик в контексте общего метода «сослагательного проектирования». Опыт использования таких методик показывает, что, с одной стороны, школьники и студенты готовы с интересом обсуждать перспективы развития страны, ее отраслей экономики, конкретных профессий и собственной жизни, но с другой — далеко не все из них делают это осознанно, а большинство вообще не утруждает себя размышлениями о возможных изменениях в технологиях и социальной жизни общества, ориентируясь лишь на реалии сегодняшнего дня. The article substantiates the status of “subjunctive design” as a promising method of psychological- educational, and professional orientation work with schoolboys and students, based on the idea of considering possible options for the development of the country, its regions and cities, as well as — specific professions and their willingness to realize themselves in these professions for the benefit of society and by their interests. Risks and possible problems in the development and practical use of the ”subjunctive design” method are analyzed, in particular the risks of excessive fantasization and personification of real problems in society and economy, which could provoke undesirable criticism of the authorities and even extremist sentiments, including the search for ways of business cooperation with those who have power and other opportunities, but so far, do not use them enough for the development of the country. On the one hand, that schoolchildren and students are ready to discuss with interest the prospects of the country’s development, its branches of the economy, specific professions and their prospects. However, on the other hand, not all of them are ready to do it reasonably, and most of them are not ready to think about possible changes in technology and the social life of society, focusing only on the realities of today.

WOMEN‘S STUDIES IN SOCIOLOGY: A PERFUMED GHETTO?

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Women's Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Women’S Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

One of the fields of sociology which is experiencing a dramatic explosion is that catch‐all area of Women's Studies. Books and articles touching on women's experiences in the labour market or in the home, the education of girls or images of femininity, the impact of the law on women or sexism in the social sciences have been proliferating in the last decade. Much of the impetus has been provided by the renascent Women's Movement, and the various academic concerns echo the diverse attacks on the status quo being made by politically active women. The one thing which holds all this material together is an explicit concern to bring women to the centre of the stage in the social sciences, instead of leaving them (as they so often have been) in the wings or with mere walk‐on parts. Taking the woman's point of view is seen as a legitimate corrective to the tendency to ignore women altogether. But is this sufficient to constitute the nucleus of a new speciality within sociology, which is what seems to be happening to ‘Women's Studies’ and ‘feminist’ social science? More seriously, should sociological discussions of women be ghettoised into special courses on women in society? As a preliminary attempt to redress the balance maybe such separate development can be justified, but if that is all that happens, the enriching potential of feminist social science may well be lost to mainstream sociology. It is not just that feminist social scientists want women to be brought in to complete the picture. It is not just that they claim that half the picture is being left unexposed. The claims are often much more ambitious than that: what much feminist writing is attempting is a demonstration of the distortion in the half image which is exposed. An injection of feminist thinking into practically any sociological speciality could lead to a profound re‐orientation of that field. More than this, a feminist approach can indicate the ways in which traditional boundaries between sociological specialities can obscure women and their special position in society. Feminist social scientists throw down the gauntlet on the way in which the field of sociology has traditionally been carved up. But if women's studies are kept in their ghetto, this challenge will be lost: to me, the explicitly critical stance which feminist research takes with respect to mainstream sociology is one of its most exciting qualities, and such research has important insights to contribute to the development of the discipline.

Asylum Seekers in Israel: Challenges to Social Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 2283-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit Nuttman-Shwartz ◽  
Ofer Shinar Levanon
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
The One ◽  
Global Agenda

AbstractThe challenges facing social workers in addressing the migration crisis are myriad and complex. Against this background, the current article presents a case study on the response of Israeli social work to the asylum seekers, which allows us to identify gaps between the social work profession’s global agenda and its implementation. The article examines how recent immigration policies have impacted Israeli social workers’ responses to these challenges. Following a brief description of Israel’s policies for controlling and limiting the entrance of asylum seekers to the country, the article offers insights into social workers’ involvement in some of the main social services that aim to assist asylum seekers in Israel. Insights are also offered into the response of Israeli social workers to the community of asylum seekers, which focuses on individual needs and on urgent needs. Several explanations for these emphases was offers, noting that they may reflect a more general gap between repeated statements about the significance of human rights for the social work profession on the one hand and the professional reality on the other. Finally, several strategies for social work in the community of asylum seekers and in society as a whole are recommended.

scholarly journals Vaccination decision-making problems among parents. Implications for the doctor–patient relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Joanna Małgorzata Księska-Koszałka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Doctor Patient Communication ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vaccination Decision ◽  
Heated Debate ◽  
The One

Currently, there is a heated debate in society around the topic of vaccination. The views of supporters and opponents of vaccinations clash, which is particularly visible on the Internet and social media. Clearly, the discussions are particularly lively at this time due to the challenge facing countries around the world to immunise large numbers of people with the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in order to contain the raging pandemic. Although the dispute over vaccination undoubtedly contributes to an increase in public awareness of this issue, it also brings a large dose of chaos and disinformation. The discussion about vaccinations is often accompanied by a lack of substantive content and presentation of scientifically verified arguments, while mutual hostility, threats and dissemination of untrue information dominate. This situation negatively affects parents who, as a consequence, have a problem with making an informed decision about their child’s vaccination. It is also a source of high stress: on the one hand, there is the obligation to vaccinate, while on the other hand, there is a fear of adverse reactions to vaccines, which is framed in psychology as the so-called approach–avoidance conflict and the phenomenon of cognitive dissonance. Many parents deal with this conflict by looking for information, e.g. by asking their paediatrician. However, they do not always find understanding with them either, which deepens their anxiety and frustration. The aim of the article is to draw attention to the above problem, to characterise the social discussion on vaccination, to emphasise the special role of the doctor and doctor–patient communication in this regard, and to provide recommendations on how to effectively conduct this kind of communication.

scholarly journals SUCCESS AND FAILURE IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP OR THE HARD PATH TO SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
Aneta Deneva
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Status ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The One ◽  
External Characteristics

There is always a definite point in the life path of every person when he starts asking a number of questions about his being, skills and desires. Very often just then the desire for cardinal changes appears, for escaping from the familiar and routine. It is this moment of truth when we give a clear account of who we are, where we are, what we have achieved and want to continue in the same way. Starting an entrepreneurial activity then is a serious bet for its success. The prerequisites for such success are the existence of a clearly conscious purpose and willingness, unrelenting and accurate assessment of opportunities and capabilities, and most of all determination and will to break the status quo.The perception of the vast majority of people for a successful entrepreneurial activity is related to the receipt of big profits. For the entrepreneur, however, things can be quite different. Here we intervene and the desire to prove ourselves, to increase the social status, to address new challenges, etc., which we usually summarized call success. The vast majority of society perceives the entrepreneurial success rather negatively. The main importance of the gains achieved and the external characteristics of a higher standard of living. Much more background and very rarely noticeable are the enormous efforts made by entrepreneurs in realising their ideas, their great responsibility not only for those working in their own enterprises, but also in terms of their families and Society as a whole.Success and failure go hand in hand. Failure, failure and fear of them are part of the daily life of the entrepreneur. Successful entrepreneur is not the one who tries to avoid in one way or another the failures, and the one who is taught by his faults and failures, is able to accept them with dignity, to learn from them, not to allow them again, and has the power to stand up and move on.Every new business is a new beginning, hiding a multitude of uncertainties and pitfalls, placing many questions and trials. The important thing is to possess the courage and courage to try despite the fears and dangers, as long as the risk of this attempt is judged correctly. Not in vain in the past have seen entrepreneurs such as gambling personalities, adventurers, etc., and today they are the ones who carry the new, create the unknown and discover opportunities where for others they are lacking.

scholarly journals METAPHYSICAL GOOD GROUNDS

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
Communicative Space

The article is devoted to the consideration of the good ethics metaphysical basis. As a phenomenon whose nature is transcendent, the good reveals itself in two projective optics. It is on the one hand about the ontological aspects of the good ethics, acting as a being together mode. On the other hand, the relevance of the human charitable nature to the good ethics principles. Thus, the good builds the basis, the output operating mode of co-existence. The phenomenon has objective properties and a universal character. In other words, goodness creates the condition, the nature of the order of being. This logic has traces of Socrates, which identifies concepts: good, knowledge and virtue. Good is a living knowledge that acquires the status of Truth – the knowledge of real. It opens to the person the essence of its purpose, improves and transforms its personality. It is about spiritual knowledge that opens to a person who knows, in the process of mastering the world around him. This knowledge fills the personality with the content, gives uniqueness. It is a living knowledge, aimed at improving the image, its spiritual development, growth. And, consequently, the projection of knowledge-good at the level of society acts as a mechanism for organizing and maintaining social order. A person who through the social context knows the ethical principles of good (love, respect, complicity, etc.), comprehends the laws of the spiritual order. She is an integral part of the order, and thus recognizes itself as real, unique, finds a connection to reality. The transformation of these principles into cultural universal, opens the world to the world as a single whole, an integral part of which is itself. With the explication of meanings, culture «introduces» a person in the previously compiled symbolic-communicative space, forming the ability to understand, with the message, with participation, in general forms an orientation to the community, the integrity of social relations. In this perspective well-being issues are opened. This is the principle of the spiritual knowledge power, realized in accordance with human principles of the good ethics.

God's Continent Divided: Politics and Religion in Upper Canada and the Northern and Western United States, 1775 to 1841

1994 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Adamson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alexis De Tocqueville ◽  
Upper Canada ◽  
Religious Expression ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Following the American Revolution, the social foundation supporting a settled ministry and sustaining the Old World tradition of an established state church began to crumble, prompting Alexis de Tocqueville to observe that in the United States, “the ideas of Christianity and liberty are so completely intermingled that it is almost impossible to conceive of the one without the other.” Large numbers of ordinary Americans who had internalized egalitarian, anti-aristocratic attitudes while advancing the patriot cause began to search for and find spiritual meaning in evangelical forms of religious expression. Indeed, the revivals sweeping the northern and western states between the American Revolution and the Civil War have been described as “the Revolution at work in religion.”

THE NEW PEERAGE: RECRUITMENT TO THE HOUSE OF LORDS, 1704–1847

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL MCCAHILL ◽  
ELLIS ARCHER WASSON
Keyword(s):  
Marriage Market ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Entrants ◽  
New Recruits

New entrants to the British peerage between 1700 and 1850 included both traditional landed magnates and men from humbler backgrounds. The rate of recruitment accelerated rapidly after 1782. This article identifies and analyses the social and economic backgrounds of new peers and the reasons for which titles were bestowed. While the inclusion of large numbers of Irish and Scottish grandees sustained the longitudinal sinews of the peerage, war and empire produced an increasing number of titles awarded on merit. Men of modest backgrounds had always been admitted to the elite, but ‘Old Corruption’ and the marriage market allowed most of their descendants to blend in with the old peerage after a few generations. The wave of new recruits, especially after 1782, included numerous relatively poor or landless men, and governments increasingly intervened with grants of multi-generational annuities in order to protect the status of the peerage while continuing to use titles to reward new men. Ministers boldly and astutely acted both to preserve the pre-eminence of the old order and encourage the prowess of state servants as Britain bestrode the globe. A new peerage emerged to help save the old.

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