Between Live Performance and Mediated Narrative

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli T. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
A Cappella ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
Hip Hop Culture ◽  
Visual Discourse ◽  
Communicative Strategies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers how the history and development of battle rapping has influenced the wider trajectory of hip hop music and culture. Starting with a history of battle rap, told with an eye toward changes in the purpose(s), communicative practices, and modes of circulation of battles, the chapter labels three distinct eras: the Party Era (1970–1981), Lyricist Era (1981–1999), and Theatrical Era (1999 to present). These three eras trace the shift to written and rote preparations within rap battle culture, the more prominent role of visual discourse within battles, and a musical shift to an a cappella format. Moving from the very center of hip hop culture, to the peripheries, and back to somewhere in between, rap battling has come to be framed as a subculture within hip hop. Within this frame, the communicative strategies of battle rappers require “decoding,” as does the relationship between battle rap subcultures and hip hop culture. To explicate this argument, the second section decodes some of the communicative practices of a contemporary written battle.

Seven Compact Essays on Color

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-209
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hip Hop Culture ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Logical Geometry ◽  
The Relationship

The article is a group effort consisting of an introduction and seven compact essays. It is focused on the problem of color from the perspective of current philosophical discussions on the role of the Enlightenment and the relationship between light and dark. The introduction by Michael Kurtov presents a roadmap for navigating through the seven essays by referring to a schema of “color knowledge” which has four dimensions: luminosity, resolution, saturation, and hue. Each of the texts in the article (the introduction and seven essays) deals mostly with one of “color knowledge”, which are formed by combining three color dimensions. Roman Mikhailov explores the plastic-dynamic correlates of colors and the chromaticity of the text understood broadly both as the text of nature and as an abstract symbolic complex. Eugene Kuchinov offers a “haptic criticism of the Enlightenment,” which is an analysis of color phenomena from the point of view of the skin (not the eye): on the basis of the logic of sensation, color is “viewed” beyond the light, beyond the optics. Yoel Regev develops a hermeneutics of color applied to the Torah: color is interpreted as a deception which is opposed to another deception belonging to a “true enlightenment.” Michael Kurtov addresses a revision of Goethe’s theory of color based on new physical experiments and on the logical geometry of color and then arrives at a critique of contemporary chromo-ideology. Nataliya Tyshkevich reveals the modern political meaning of coloring in the context of the recent “renaissance of modernist aesthetics” in which dealing with form is replaced by dealing with surfaces. Gray Violet describes color and darkness as political functions that turn into each other in the middle of a non-place in the “smart city.” The final piece by Nikita Sazonov elaborates the procedure of colorization by examining noncolor - a resource beyond the colored and the uncolored, most readily manifested in the printed character as well as in modern hip-hop culture.

scholarly journals Od znaku „Polski Walczącej” po hasło „FaceBóg” – rola polskiego graffiti w latach 1942–2011

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Konrad Nowak-Kluczyński
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Hip Hop Culture ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World

Against the general opinion the history of graffiti goes back to the beginnings of civilization. There are numerous examples of graffiti, for instance the inscriptions hollowed with a chisel found on the ancient household artifacts or on the walls. The inscriptions had an informative function but they were also magical. The phenomenon of spray art was widespread in the 1960s and the beginning of the Polish taggers subculture was in the 1980s, although one can find street art during the Second World War. But it is usually neglected or disregarded in the Polish literature. The Anchor – the sign of “Fighting Poland”, was placed on pavements, walls, notice boards or train stops of the occupied country. It was the sign of the fight for freedom and independence. As the years passed, the Polish reality was changing and the role of graffiti also changed. Now, it expresses itself in slogans, appeals, messages, drawings, portraits or murals. The aim of the work is to show the role of the Polish graffiti between 1942 and 2011. The author analyses graffiti in a number of aspects and throughout many years. The author identifies Polish spray art with teenage rebellion, sense of humor, political engagement, commentary or the negation of reality. Moreover, the article focuses on social, psychological or urban aspects of the examined phenomenon and identifies it with widespread modern hip-hop culture.

Rap, Islam and Jihadi Cool: The attractions of the Western jihadi subculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 174165902110255
Author(s):  
Sune Qvotrup Jensen ◽  
Jeppe Fuglsang Larsen ◽  
Sveinung Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Hip Hop Music ◽  
Hybrid Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Recent scholarship has explored the potential of subcultural theory for understanding the convergence of Western street and jihadi subcultures. The role of jihadi rap in this radical hybrid culture, however, is yet uncharted. We argue that subcultural analysis allows an understanding of the aesthetic fascination of jihadism, sometimes referred to as jihadi cool, and that jihadi rap should be seen as an integrated part of this cultural amalgam. To better understand the role of hip-hop in the hybrid street-jihadi culture, this paper offers a historical analysis of the relationship between hip-hop and Islam and detailed insight into the more contemporary, and marginal, phenomena of jihadi rap. We track the continuities and discontinuities from the presence of Black Islam in early hip hop to recent convergences between hip hop and jihadism. Our analysis draws on Lévi-Strauss concepts of bricolage and floating signifiers. Subcultures and hip-hop music are seen as bricolages that draw on a multitude of cultural references with their own particular history. In these cultural bricolages, Islam often acts as a floating signifier, with different and often ambiguous meanings. We argue and demonstrate that Islam has a long history of being part of hip-hop rebellion and attraction and that this, channelled through jihadi rap, can contribute to jihadi cool and the contemporary pull of Western jihadi subcultures.

Muscovy and the Tatars

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-431
Author(s):  
Bulat R. Rakhimzianov
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
East European ◽  
Central Eurasia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Forest Line ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article explores relations between Muscovy and the so-called Later Golden Horde successor states that existed during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries on the territory of Desht-i Qipchaq (the Qipchaq Steppe, a part of the East European steppe bounded roughly by the Oskol and Tobol rivers, the steppe-forest line, and the Caspian and Aral Seas). As a part of, and later a successor to, the Juchid ulus (also known as the Golden Horde), Muscovy adopted a number of its political and social institutions. The most crucial events in the almost six-century-long history of relations between Muscovy and the Tatars (13–18th centuries) were the Mongol invasion of the Northern, Eastern and parts of the Southern Rus’ principalities between 1237 and 1241, and the Muscovite annexation of the Kazan and Astrakhan khanates between 1552 and 1556. According to the model proposed here, the Tatars began as the dominant partner in these mutual relations; however, from the beginning of the seventeenth century this role was gradually inverted. Indicators of a change in the relationship between the Muscovite grand principality and the Golden Horde can be found in the diplomatic contacts between Muscovy and the Tatar khanates. The main goal of the article is to reveal the changing position of Muscovy within the system of the Later Golden Horde successor states. An additional goal is to revisit the role of the Tatar khanates in the political history of Central Eurasia in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

Idleness and Freedom in Michel de Montaigne’s “Essays”

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Spiritual Quest ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Sextus Empiricus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship

The article advances a hypothesis about the composition of Michel de Montaigne’s Essays. Specialists in the intellectual history of the Renaissance have long considered the relationship among Montaigne’s thematically heterogeneous thoughts, which unfold unpredictably and often seen to contradict each other. The waywardness of those reflections over the years was a way for Montaigne to construct a self-portrait. Spontaneity of thought is the essence of the person depicted and an experimental literary technique that was unprecedented in its time and has still not been surpassed. Montaigne often writes about freedom of reflection and regards it as an extremely important topic. There have been many attempts to interpret the haphazardness of the Essays as the guiding principle in their composition. According to one such interpretation, the spontaneous digressions and readiness to take up very different philosophical notions is a form of of varietas and distinguo, which Montaigne understood in the context of Renaissance philosophy. Another interpretation argues that the Essays employ the rhetorical techniques of Renaissance legal commentary. A third opinion regards the Essays as an example of sprezzatura, a calculated negligence that calls attention to the aesthetic character of Montaigne’s writing. The author of the article argues for a different interpretation that is based on the concept of idleness to which Montaigne assigned great significance. He had a keen appreciation of the role of otium in the culture of ancient Rome and regarded leisure as an inner spiritual quest for self-knowledge. According to Montaigne, idleness permits self-directedness, and it is an ideal form in which to practice the freedom of thought that brings about consistency in writing, living and reality, in all of which Montaigne finds one general property - complete inconstancy. Socratic self-knowledge, a skepticism derived from Pyrrho of Elis and Sextus Empiricus, and a rejection of the conventions of traditional rhetoric that was similar to Seneca’s critique of it were all brought to bear on the concept of idleness and made Montaigne’s intellectual and literary experimentation in the Essays possible.

scholarly journals White Pop, Shiny Armour and a Sling and Stone: Indigenous Expressions of Contemporary Congregational Song Exploring Christian-Māori Identity

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Shannon Said
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Congregational Song ◽  
Christian Worship ◽  
Pentecostal Churches ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sydney Australia

It has taken many years for different styles of music to be utilised within Pentecostal churches as acceptable forms of worship. These shifts in musical sensibilities, which draw upon elements of pop, rock and hip hop, have allowed for a contemporisation of music that functions as worship within these settings, and although still debated within and across some denominations, there is a growing acceptance amongst Western churches of these styles. Whilst these developments have taken place over the past few decades, there is an ongoing resistance by Pentecostal churches to embrace Indigenous musical expressions of worship, which are usually treated as token recognitions of minority groups, and at worst, demonised as irredeemable musical forms. This article draws upon interview data with Christian-Māori leaders from New Zealand and focus group participants of a diaspora Māori church in southwest Sydney, Australia, who considered their views as Christian musicians and ministers. These perspectives seek to challenge the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous relations within a church setting and create a more inclusive philosophy and practice towards being ‘one in Christ’ with the role of music as worship acting as a case study throughout. It also considers how Indigenous forms of worship impact cultural identity, where Christian worship drawing upon Māori language and music forms has led to deeper connections to congregants’ cultural backgrounds.

scholarly journals Is there a link between glucose levels and heart failure? An update

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Schainberg ◽  
Antônio Ribeiro-Oliveira Jr. ◽  
José Marcio Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cv Disease ◽  
The Relationship

It has been well documented that there is an increased prevalence of standard cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in association with diabetes and with diabetes-related abnormalities. Hyperglycemia, in particular, also plays an important role. Heart failure (HF) has become a frequent manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological studies suggest that the effect of hyperglycemia on HF risk is independent of other known risk factors. Analysis of datasets from populations including individuals with dysglycemia suggests the pathogenic role of hyperglycemia on left ventricular function and on the natural history of HF. Despite substantial epidemiological evidence of the relationship between diabetes and HF, data from available interventional trials assessing the effect of a glucose-lowering strategy on CV outcomes are limited. To provide some insight into these issues, we describe in this review the recent important data to understand the natural course of CV disease in diabetic individuals and the role of hyperglycemia at different times in the progression of HF.

scholarly journals Psychological Capital of Employees’ Engagement: Moderating Impact of Conflict Management in the Financial Sector of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Azizullah Khan ◽  
Malik Adil Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Investment Companies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brokerage Firms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Human capital is the backbone of any business and its behavior reflects how the company would achieve its goals and objectives in its business. This study examines the relationship between psychological capital (PC) and employees’ engagement (EE) with the moderating role of conflict management (CM) in the financial sector of Pakistan. A questionnaire composed of established scales were administered to 278 employees in the financial sector, including various banks, investment companies, real estate companies, insurance companies, and brokerage firms at Islamabad. After determining the reliability, the model was analyzed with the help of correlation and regression. Research indicates that PC positively influences EE. This relationship improves further positively when conflicts are handled effectively. Overall, this effort contributes to the existing literature on the history of worker’s involvement by examining the direct impact of PC and CM on EE and moderation of CM.

scholarly journals Apuntes para una mecánica política del paisaje (Ilustrados con algunas escenas barcelonesas) | Notes on the politics of landscape (Illustrated with a few scenes of Barcelona)

ZARCH ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ténez Ybern
Keyword(s):  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Group ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Si asumimos que el paisaje es el resultado perceptible de la relación dinámica entre un determinado grupo humano y su medio; esa definición que se cuenta entre las de más consenso entre aquellos que dicen hacer paisajes, suscita de inmediato ciertas preguntas: ¿Cuál es el papel de aquel que pretende crear paisajes, si el paisaje es un proceso que se da por si solo? ¿Hasta qué punto incide cambiar el aspecto de un lugar en esa relación entre la gente y su entorno cotidiano?El texto pretende explorar las consecuencias de esas paradójicas preguntas, a partir de una primera hipótesis: la del carácter intrínsecamente político del proyecto del paisaje. De esta hipótesis parte la intención de mostrar la evolución de la reflexión sobre ese papel político del hacer paisajes, en el que el hacedor de paisajes que está siempre situado entre los equilibrios de poder que se establecen entre las instituciones y la gente. A partir de aquí, se analizan algunos momentos clave de la historia de ese paisaje político, donde el “hacedor de paisajes” intenta encontrar su lugar.En el horizonte del texto, aparecen también imágenes de la historia reciente de mi ciudad, a modo de ilustración de lo dicho. If we accept that landscape is the perceptible result of the dynamic relationship process between a specific human group and an environment, this definition, which enjoys the most acceptance among those people who ‘make landscape’, immediately raises certain questions: What is the role of the person who aims to create landscapes, if landscape is a process that takes place on its own? To what point does this affect the relationship between people and their daily setting?This article initially aims to explore the consequences of that paradox through a first hypothesis: the intrinsically political nature of the landscape project. This hypothesis springs from the intention of describing the evolution of the reflection on this political role of making landscape, in which ‘landscape makers’ constantly find themselves affected by the balance of power established between institutions and people. Subsequently, analysis will be conducted on a series of key periods in the history of the political landscape in which landscape makers endeavour to find their place.Pictures of the recent history of my city appear interspersed within the text, in order to illustrate what has been described.

scholarly journals Система организации епархиального управления Белорусской автокефальной православной церкви в 1949–1980 гг.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Александр Слесарев ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Organization ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Educational Publishing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Management

The article is devoted to the consideration of the history of the development of the system of diocesan administrations of the unrecognized Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (BAOC). Formed in 1948–1949, the named religious organization over the next several decades was an influential center for the consolidation of the Belarusian post-war Diaspora. The activities of the parishes of the BAOC were not limited to the organization of services and involved the conduct of social, cultural, educational, publishing and other work. In turn, the control, management and coordination of parish activities largely depended on the principles of organizing diocesan administration. On the basis of the study, it is concluded that the volume of administrative powers of the episcopate is gradually reduced and the role of the laity in the administration of dioceses is strengthened. The noted instability of the diocesan structures of the BAOC in the period under review is explained by the high degree of dependence of the diocesan affiliation of parishes on the relationship with a particular hierarch.

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