The Oxford Handbook of Later Medieval Archaeology in Britain

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Local Church ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Medieval Archaeology ◽  
The Hill

The Middle Ages are all around us in Britain. The Tower of London and the castles of Scotland and Wales are mainstays of cultural tourism and an inspiring cross-section of later medieval finds can now be seen on display in museums across England, Scotland, and Wales. Medieval institutions from Parliament and monarchy to universities are familiar to us and we come into contact with the later Middle Ages every day when we drive through a village or town, look up at the castle on the hill, visit a local church, or wonder about the earthworks in the fields we see from the window of a train.This Handbook provides an overview of the archaeology of the later Middle Ages in Britain between ad 1066 and 1550. Sixty entries, divided into ten thematic sections, cover topics ranging from later medieval objects, human remains, archaeological science, standing buildings, and sites such as castles and monasteries, to the well-preserved relict landscapes which still survive. This is a rich and exciting period of the past and most of what we have learnt about the material culture of our medieval past has been discovered in the past two generations. This volume provides comprehensive coverage of the latest research and describes the major projects and concepts that are changing our understanding of our medieval heritage.

The Challenges of Dealing with Human Remains in Cultural Resource Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Powless ◽  
Carolyn Freiwald
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Cultural Resource Management ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Cultural Resource ◽  
Community Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Training

AbstractOver the past few years, the lead author has had the opportunity to excavate multiple large sites in California, working on behalf of developers to keep their projects in compliance with their permits. She also worked in conjunction with local tribes to resolve burial issues with each excavation. During these excavations, she observed the challenges that the tribes encountered when dealing with fast-paced cultural resource management (CRM) projects where burial retrieval and a shortage of resources were the norm. For many years, archaeologists have viewed CRM as only dealing with the material culture of the past; however, archaeologists also consult and work with living cultures. This article will address the endemic problem in CRM that stems from a lack of planning, preparation, resources, and training and how it affects the burial excavations that archaeologists and tribes encounter in the CRM setting. It will also look for solutions to remedy a long-broken system that continues to ignore existing laws set in place to protect resources, as well as the relationships between the Native American community, agencies, researchers, and land developers.

Virginia Woolf's Imaginary Museum of the Medieval in ‘The Journal of Mistress Joan Martyn’

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-184
Author(s):  
Caroline Marie
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
British Museum ◽  
National Narrative ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Middle Ages

This article shows that the Middle Ages Virginia Woolf imagines in her 1906 short story ‘The Journal of Mistress Joan Martyn’ are influenced by the staging of the medieval in late-Victorian museums and reflects late-Victorian medievalism. From the perspective of material culture studies, Woolf's tale reflects the representation and fabrication of the medieval by the British Museum and the South Kensington Museum and shapes a similar narrative of the Middle Ages. Relying on Michel Foucault's definitions of ‘heterotopia’ as well as on Tony Bennett's analysis of Victorian museums, this article argues that Woolf's fictionalisation of the medieval evidences a new, complex temporality of knowledge and consciousness of the past which also defines late-Victorian curatorial philosophy and practices. It analyses each regime of that new temporality: first, the archaeological gaze and its contribution to the grand national narrative via the literary canon and, second, the theatrical gaze, with its focus on spectacularly displayed artefacts, that partakes of an image's mystique. In temporal terms, this results in a tension between the tangible remains of a past clearly separated from the present and the mystical fusion of past and present reinscribing Woolf's poetics of the moment within a sense of history.

Decolonizing the English Past: Readings in Medieval Archaeology and History

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Biddick
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Disciplinary Practices ◽  
Peasant Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The One ◽  
Medieval Archaeology ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Farming Households ◽  
European Colonizer

Historians, anthropologists, archaeologists, and sociologists are accustomed to categorizing the inhabitants of the rural farming households of medieval England as peasants without questioning the disciplinary implications of imposing such a category on historical subjects. Foundational categories, such astheworker,thepeasant,thewoman, become so familiar that they appear natural and divert us from studying the historical and power-charged processes involved in their constructions, past and present. The century-old debate over views of medieval English peasants as bound statically by custom, on the one hand, or as dynamically diverse or mobile, on the other, perhaps expresses embedded disciplinary tensions in the historic division of labor between anthropology (including archaeology) and history. From their disciplinary formation in the early modern period, anthropology and history together have constructed and guarded an imaginary but nevertheless potent boundary between the historical and the primitive, a boundary that divided the European colonizer from the non-European colonized and that within Europe divided the historical past from the traditional past. Who gets an anthropology and who gets a history therefore becomes a question of historic and power-charged disciplinary practices. As a foundational category, “peasant” straddles both disciplines and both divisions of the past, historical and traditional.In this essay, I wish to examine the powerful yet unacknowledged ways in which these disciplinary practices inform medieval peasant studies. I shall focus especially on the study of the material culture of the medieval English peasantry. Both history and archaeology claim the medieval English peasant to justify disciplinary narratives.

The Archaeology of the Northwestern Slavs (Seventh To Ninth Centuries)

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-97
Author(s):  
Sebastian Brather
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Past ◽  
Contemporary Situation

AbstractTwenty years ago things seemed to be quite clear: several different groups of Slavs had invaded East Central Europe at some point during the sixth century, and all archaeologically identifiable, cultural characteristics pointed to a Slavic 'homeland' in Eastern Europe. More recent research, however, has shown this to be a rather simplistic view of the past. This paper is intended as an overview of the current archaeological research on the early Middle Ages that is responsible for the radical change of view of the last decade or so. Dendrochronology, new approaches, and the critical assessment of the historiography of the problem contribute now to a different understanding. The material culture - pottery, hillforts, settlement features, burials - can now be explained in terms of the contemporary situation in East Central Europe, i. e., the consolidation of settlement patterns, economic structures, and society. Exactly what that means for the debate about the 'origins' of the western Slavs remains a matter of further research and discussion.

The Medieval Glazed Pottery of Lazio

1967 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 40-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medieval Pottery ◽  
Medieval Archaeology ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Active Preparation ◽  
The Middle Ages

Medieval archaeology in the sense of a field study involving controlled excavation is in its infancy in Italy. Scarcely a dozen excavations have been carried out with the recovery of information about the middle ages as their primary objective and little attention has been paid to the material remains of everyday life. It is not surprising, therefore, that in the past the only medieval pottery to receive lasting attention has been the tin-glazed ware which was valued as the forerunner of renaissance maiolica. Nevertheless, in recent years programmes of surface collecting and selective excavation have been initiated in two areas with the specific purpose of studying the middle ages. The two areas are Lazio and Apulia. In Apulia the Society of Antiquaries sponsored a survey of the Tavoliere, or Foggia Plain, reports on which are in active preparation.

scholarly journals Flying Daggers, Horse Whisperers and a Midwinter Sacrifice: Creating the Past during the Viking Age and Early Middle Ages

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Eva Stensköld
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

This paper sets out to trace the life history of a horse skull found in a bog in Scania in the year 1900. A parallel is drawn between the find of the horse and the famous painting, "Midwinter Sacrifice" by Carl Larsson. The story of the horse has opened up a discussion on how material culture is created and recreated in time and space, resulting in completely new communicative fields. The manifestation of the past and the reuse of Stone Age places and artefacts are brought into focus when the author discusses the location where the horse skull was originally found.

Embracing New Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Graves ◽  
Christopher Gerrard
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Theory ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Selective Review ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Medieval Archaeology

This chapter considers the application of archaeological theory to later medieval archaeology, with a selective review of the different approaches offered over the past fifty years by archaeologists of the Later Middle Ages set into a wider historiographical framework. In this chapter key processual, structuralist, and post-processual studies are all debated with particular emphasis on phenomenology and the experiential, the archaeology of identity, biography, and the life-course. New forms of interpretation are judged to be neither consistent or coherent but, nevertheless, they offer exciting insights which cross disciplinary boundaries and challenge orthodoxies.

Les héritages chrétiens: quel avenir?

Moreana ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (Number 176) (1) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Bernard Bourdin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Politics And Religion

The legacy from Christianity unquestionably lies at the root of Europe, even if not exclusively. It has taken many aspects from the Middle Ages to modern times. If the Christian heritage is diversely understood and accepted within the European Union, the reason is essentially due to its political and religious significance. However, its impact in politics and religion has often been far from negative, if we will consider what secular societies have derived from Christianity: human rights, for example, and a religious affiliation which has been part and parcel of national identity. The Christian legacy has to be acknowledged through a critical analysis which does not deny the truth of the past but should support a European project built around common values.

Conservation and Preservation of Nature Reserves, Monuments andSpecial Architectural or Historic Interest in Nigeria: Towards Promotion of Sustainable Cultural Tourism

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-218
Author(s):  
Francis Chuma Osefoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Developed Nations

Some of the renowned world tourism countries have special peculiarities in character in terms of their nature reserves and built environments; that made them stand out for their attractions and visits. These qualities range from conservation and preservation of nature reserves, built environments- epoch architectural supports over the years; historical heritage; political; religious; socio-economic; cultural; and  high technology that enhance culture. The virtues of multi- ethnic groups and multi- cultural nature gave Nigeria a rich cultural heritage, and she is blessed with natural wonders, unique wildlife, and a very favorable climate. More often than not less attention and importance are placed over the nature reserves and built environments to the detriment of tourism in lieu of other sectors. Summarily the country lacks the culture of conservation and preservation of her abundant resources to promote cultural tourism. Case study strategy was applied in the research tours with reports of personal experiences, documentaries and analyses of sites visited in Europe and Nigeria were highlighted with references to their attributes in terms of structures and features that made up the sites as relate to culture and attraction.The task in keeping rural, city landscapes and nature reserves alive stands out as the secret of communication link from the past to present and the future; which tourism developed nations reap as benefits for tourist attraction.

Nuovi dati sul popolamento nella pianura di Tarquinia durante la romanizzazione. Il caso della località "Il Giglio"

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriella Scapaticci
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Second Punic War ◽  
System Part ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Military Enterprise ◽  
The Middle Ages

During works for a communal athletic-ground at Tarquinia in the district “Il Giglio”, which took place between 2000 and 2001, some slight remains of ancient structures of the Late-Republican and Early-Imperial Age were accidentally discovered. The Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell’Etruria Meridionale then undertook extensive excavations, documenting a farm and an interesting hydraulic system, part of which had already been found not far from there, at Tarquinia in the district “Gabelletta”. The part of the plain of Tarquinia that is located at the foot of the hill, where Corneto was later established in the Middle Ages, was intensively cultivated with a drainage system and very extensive canalizations, because of the natural fertility of the soil and the richness of water-supplies in this region. It is thus likely that the flax for which Tarquinia was famous in antiquity was cultivated in these fields, and that, towards the end of the second Punic War, this farmland supplied Rome with the flax to make the sails destined for the military enterprise.

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