Woolf’s Feminism

2021 ◽  
pp. 310-325
Author(s):  
Stephanie J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Women's Issues ◽  
Three Guineas ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Room Of One's Own ◽  
Power Economic

The fullness of Woolf’s engagement with early-twentieth-century feminism has at times been overshadowed by the prominence given A Room of One’s Own, and by longstanding archival obstacles to accessing her extensive work in periodicals. This chapter aims to offer an overview of Woolf’s engagement with British feminism during her lifetime, and to promote a richer conversation about how Woolf’s fiction, journalism, and essays, as well as A Room and Three Guineas, reflect a sustained engagement with, contributions to, and wariness of the feminist concerns of her day. Her responses to women’s suffrage, worker’s rights, the legal status of married women, education, political power, economic parity, and pacifism were unified by her consistent endeavors to draw attention to patriarchy as structuring public perceptions of ‘women’s issues’. (125)

scholarly journals Hydro Democracy: Water Power and Political Power in Ontario

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Macfarlane ◽  
Andrew Watson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Water Power ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

Drawing on Timothy Mitchell’s Carbon Democracy, and using envirotechnical analysis, we probe how the materiality of energy—public hydropower—influenced democracy and governance in Ontario during the early twentieth century. Within Canada, hydro-electricity disproportionately shaped the politics of Ontario and Canada-US relations during the first half of the century. Within the province, it provided the energy-based affluence that underpinned claims for a liberal and democratic society. But residents experienced the consequences of hydropower unevenly. Urban and industrial residents enjoyed most of the benefits, while rural residents and Indigenous peoples living close to hydro developments endured the burdens of development.

Debating the Legal Status of the Ornaments Rubric: Ritualism and Royal Commissions in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century England

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 434-454
Author(s):  
Dan D. Cruickshank
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
The Public ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Parliamentary Oversight ◽  
The Church

This article uses the history of the Ornaments Rubric in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century to explore the emergence of claims to self-governance within the Church of England in this period and the attempts by parliament to examine how independent the legal system of the church was from the secular state. First, it gives an overview of the history of the Ornaments Rubric in the various editions of the Book of Common Prayer and the Acts of Uniformity, presenting the legal uncertainty left by centuries of Prayer Book revision. It then explores how the Royal Commission into Ritualism (1867–70) and the Public Worship Regulation Act (1874) attempted to control Ritualist interpretations of the Ornaments Rubric through secular courts. Examining the failure of these attempts, it looks towards the Royal Commission on Ecclesiastical Discipline (1904–6). Through the evidence given to the commission, it shows how the previous royal commission and the work of parliament and the courts had failed to stop the continuation of Ritualist belief in the church's independence from secular courts. Using the report of the royal commission, it shows how the commissioners attempted to build a via media between strict spiritual independence and complete parliamentary oversight.

Province and Nation: The Chekiang Provincial Autonomy Movement, 1917–1927

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Keith Schoppa
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Nation State ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Administrative Efficiency ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
Provincial Autonomy

Humiliated and shaken by the depredations of the imperialist nations, early twentieth-century Chinese leaders sought the establishment of a strong nation-state. Bitter struggles over the means to reach that goal—primarily over the distribution of political power—ended in the demise of the Ch'ing, the defeat of Yuan Shih-k'ai, and the turmoil of the “warlord” period. After Yuan's death in 1916, the dispute over distribution of power thrust into serious consideration the model of a federation for building a nation out of China's disparate regions and interests. Some felt that a federation was perhaps a more effective integrating form than the centralized bureaucratic model the late Ch'ing and Yuan Shih-k'ai had supported. The debate was not new in China. However, during the empire, proponents of centralization (chün-hsien) and decentralization (feng-chien) had been concerned with finding the form that would produce the greatest stability and administrative efficiency; now the Chinese were obsessed with the issue for life-and-death reasons. 2 Rapid national integration seemed imperative for China's survival. In 1901, Liang Ch'i-ch'ao had discussed the possibilities of a Chinese federation; 3 but, until 1916, federalism was effectively submerged by the centralizers. Amid increasing turmoil after Yuan's death, federalism seemed to provide an answer to chaotic instability.

War and Peace

2021 ◽  
pp. 439-455
Author(s):  
Beryl Pong
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Three Guineas ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Between The Acts ◽  
Global War ◽  
Jacob's Room

This chapter examines the intertwining of modernist time philosophy with the recurring theme of global war in Woolf’s oeuvre. Looking at a range of texts—including Jacob’s Room, Mrs Dalloway, Three Guineas, The Years, and Between the Acts—it examines how Woolf’s work developed in relation to the major geopolitical events that preoccupied her pacifist activism and informed her temporal innovations. It argues for the need to temporalize her relationship to what Martin Hägglund calls chronolibido—the investment in temporal finitude rather than temporal transcendence—which has to be understood both philosophically as well as politically, to understand how her desire to hold on to a life essentially mortal took shape in the context of seemingly unending war in the early twentieth century.

The Maasai Warriors: pattern maintenance and violence in colonial Kenya

1972 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Tignor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The Government ◽  
Road Work

This article attributes early twentieth century Maasai conservatism to the Maasai social structure and in particular to the warrior (moran) age-grade. Modernizing changes meant different things to different groups. To some Maasai elders they meant increased political power and wealth. But to the warriors they constituted a threat to their already declining status and entailed new and onerous obligations like road work. Governmental efforts to transform and modernize the Maasai were met by small-scale warrior rebellions. There were three such uprisings–in 1918, 1922 and 1935. All three were carried out by the warriors in defiance of the wishes of the elders and occurred at times when the government was seeking to alter Maasai society. The 1918 rebellion was over the recruitment of children for school; that of 1922 over attempts to do away with essential features of the moran system; and that of 1935 in opposition to road work. The Maasai warriors were effective resisters of change because of their considerable autonomy within their society and their esprit de corps.

Theorizing with Hesiod

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Scully ◽  
Charles Stocking
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
History Of Thought ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter traces the unique role Hesiodic poetry has played in the history of thought throughout the twentieth century, with a focus on two main areas: Freudian constructs and structuralism. The chapter demonstrates how Freud’s Civilization and Its Discontents in the first half of the century parallels key narrative themes from Hesiodic poetry. Freud, however, did not often invoke Hesiod directly in this work, and such lack of conscious reference may be the strongest indication of the influence Hesiodic narrative exerted as a dominant psychological and cultural paradigm in the early twentieth century. Concerning the development of structuralism in the second half of the twentieth century, the chapter discusses how classical scholars, such as Vernant, Detienne, and Pucci, have caused Hesiod to play a key role in broader debates on the relationship among history, structure, and political power in postwar France. Ultimately, the chapter demonstrates how Hesiodic poetry has been and continues to remain a rich source for theorizing the present.

Virginia Woolf

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Three Guineas ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
Room Of One's Own

This chapter traces Virginia Woolf’s development as a writer of non-fiction, focusing on her prolific output as an essayist. It sees close links between her ongoing experimentation with the novel form and the evolving form of her essays, and argues that her alterations in style were an integral aspect of her attempt to articulate a response to her largely Victorian inheritance, to the seismic shifts taking place in society and understanding in the early decades of the twentieth century, and to the politics and culture of the 1930s dominated by the rise of fascism. While the chapter ranges across all of Woolf’s essays, there is particular discussion of her 1920 A Room of One’s Own and her 1938 Three Guineas.

Quarters, Communities and Converts; Creating Networks in an Age of Bureaucratic Expansion in the Mediterranean (Rodosçuk, 1546-1553)

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-389
Author(s):  
Özlem Sert
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Power Economic

Abstract Zooming into the active relations of people in the harbour neighbourhoods show vivid life in Ottoman port towns. Converts, bridging the Muslim and Non-Muslim communities; immigrants: bridding the urban and rural relations mostly inhabited around the harbour in Çavuş Hüseyin Quarter of Rodosçuk between 1546-1553. The hierarchies of Ottoman Society constructed by legal status, political power, economic power, gender, seniority were crossed through networks of individual relations of the inhabitants. An analysis of these relations, a zoom to the lives of people who reproduced hierarchies and networks makes one recognize the details changing lives.

Biopower

2021 ◽  
pp. 407-421
Author(s):  
Madelyn Detloff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Mental Health Practitioners ◽  
Rich Picture ◽  
Three Guineas ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Health Practitioners

Virginia Woolf lived and worked during the ascendancy of Euro-American biopower. This essay takes up the tools of queer, crip, and antiracist theories to analyse Woolf’s engagement with three strands of biopower—state racism, heteronormativity, and ableist normativity—as well as a fourth Woolfian form elaborated upon in Three Guineas, state genderism. We can trace the entwinement of biopower in the racist and ableist elements of Woolf’s own work, accounts of how Woolf herself was treated by medical and mental health practitioners, and in Woolf’s own attempts to break down reified notions of desire and bodily comportment that are harmfully crystalized by biopolitical discourse. Woolf’s engagement with biopower is not always progressive, but the complexities of her art and work yield a rich picture of how biopower worked in the early twentieth century and how artists and intellectuals both deployed and resisted its workings.

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