The Simplification of Procedures in Portuguese Administrative Law

The present paper intends to provide an overview and a critical assessment of the administrative simplification policies implemented in Portugal over the past 20+ years. Throughout these decades, the major instruments for administrative simplification have been: (i) Decree-Law n. 135/99, of 22 April; (ii) the Simplex programme; (iii) the 2015 new Code of Administrative Procedure and its 2021 amendment; and (iv) the COVID-19 legislation. Although Decree-Law n. 135/99 (i) was the first attempt to specifically address simplification, it was a very thin one. The Simplex programme (ii), created in 2006, was the first cross-sectoral robust policy of simplification; its motto is “the simpler the better” and it encompassed reforms in all government areas aiming at cutting red tape, promoting administrative efficiency, and making the citizens’ and the corporations’ lives easier when dealing with State. The new Code of Administrative Procedure (iii), approved in 2015, brought about specific normative solutions to simplify procedures, namely, prior communications, administrative assistance, procedural conferences, and the electronic one-stop shop. Finally, the COVID-19 legislation (iv) was made necessary by the COVID-19 pandemic and by the fact that public health restrictions made it impossible for citizens to establish personal contact with the administration in many cases.

Factors Influencing Organizational Performance in Hotel Sector of Nepal

The present study is designed to identify the factors influencing organizational performance based on native research work carried out through field study. Adopting descriptive cum analytical research design, this study is based on primary data obtained from the hotels located inside the Kathmandu valley of Nepal through the use of a five-point Likert-type questionnaire. With the help of the random sampling technique, 130 employees working in 23 hotels in the position of executive, managerial and officer’s level are taken as sample respondents. Four different variables affecting hotels' performance i.e., qualification, training and experience, administrative efficiency and location are taken as the independent variables and organizational performance as the dependent variable. Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used in this study. All the variables obtained Cronbach alpha value greater than .65, which shows the consistency on items taken for the study. The correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between organization performance and performance factors in the Nepalese hotel sector. Moreover, the regression analysis indicated that qualification of the employee, administrative efficiency of hotel management and training and experience provided to the employee are found strong predictors of organizational performance but the location factor was not found the determinant of organization performance in the Nepalese hotel sector. This study can further expand by adopting other variables affecting organizational performance in the hospitality sectors of Nepal.

Austria’s Digital Vaccination Registry: Stakeholder Views and Implications for Governance

In this study, we explore the recent setup of a digital vaccination record in Austria. Working from a social-scientific perspective, we find that the introduction of the electronic vaccination pass was substantially accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our interviews with key stakeholders (n = 16) indicated that three main factors drove this acceleration. The pandemic (1) sidelined historical conflicts regarding data ownership and invoked a shared sense of the value of data, (2) accentuated the need for enhanced administrative efficiency in an institutionally fragmented system, and (3) helped invoke the national vaccination registry as an indispensable infrastructure for public health governance with the potential to innovate its healthcare system in the long term.

Kuwait faces imminent oil capacity constraints

Significance Capacity has fallen by around 15% over the past four years and is below the country’s official OPEC baseline. COVID-19 and difficult executive-legislative relations in 2020-21 have interfered with oil sector project delivery. Impacts As projects flounder, Kuwait will lose market share to regional rivals. Restructuring the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation from eight operating companies to three may boost administrative efficiency. Upstream operations are unlikely to be much affected by restructuring, given the dominance of Kuwait Oil Company.

Religious Functionalism: An Influential Tool for Harnessing Corruption in Ghana

One of the most influential and ever-expanding dimensions of almost every African society is religion. Every function political, legal, or economic, is intertwined with the ingredients of religion. In Ghana, it is socially, politically, and legally offensive to separate religion from communal exhibitions and, restrict it from individual performance. Amid the widely spread commitment to different religions by public officials, the reality of corruption alongside its destructive nature still infringes on the public administrative efficiency in Ghana. With regards to this submission, one question worth asking is, can religion, owing to its measurability, be operable in curbing corruption in a notoriously religious and corruption-spotted country like Ghana? In finding a response to this question, this paper argued that religious functionalism can be used as a practical tool in the fight against corruption in Ghana. Religious functionalism in its definitional postulation refers to activities that promote social integration, adhesive group formation, and social control that foster a moral framework that contributes to the development of a society. To achieve its objective and arrive at workable recommendations, the paper relied on library materials—drawing contents from the research papers relating to the subject matter. The paper recommended that in order to fight corruption in Ghana the functional dimensions of Christianity, Islam and African Traditional Religion should be emphasized. Specifically, the adherents of these religions owe a responsibility to their religious moral frameworks. If the Ghanaian society is ‘notoriously’ religious, it follows that religious functionalism is indispensable in the fight against corruption. Keywords: Functionalism, Corruption, Religion, Development.

Literature Review: Analysis of Factors Related to User Satisfaction on The Online Reference System for BPJS Health Participants in Semarang City

An online referral system is an innovation from BPJS Health in digitizing the tiered referral system. An online referral system is expected to increase the participants' satisfaction and convenience in obtaining the referral service. However, there was no evaluation in satisfaction measurement on an online referral system until this time, especially in Semarang City. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of an online referral system by analyzing factors related to the satisfaction of BPJS Health participants in Semarang City. This was a quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach involving 100 respondents chosen by accidental sampling technique. The results of the study showed that the percentage of respondents who felt satisfied was only 54%, which was caused by the administrative efficiency and system effectivity of an online referral system that is still not optimal in reducing queues. Besides that, there is a relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating condition, information quality, and user satisfaction towards the implementation of an online referral system in the BPJS Health of Semarang City with a p-value < 0,05. The results of the study suggest for BPJS Health determine the participants' satisfaction indicators towards the implementation of the online referral system and integrate the online referral system with the registration system at secondary and tertiary health facilities in Semarang City.

Study The Administrative Efficiency of The Agricultural Extension and Training Organization According to The Opinions of Agricultural Extension Workers and Its Relationship to Some Factors in The Southern of Iraq

The research aimed to identify the level of administrative efficiency of the agricultural extension organization and training organization according to the opinions of agricultural extension workers in the southern governorates of Iraq., To conduct this study the sample was randomly selected from the studied governorates (40 respondents from Maysan Governorate, 40 respondents from Thi-Qar province, 42 respondents from the Governorate Basra, the total of research sample was 122 respondents), To collect the data by questionnaire techniques and interviews with the respondents. The data was collected through the personal interviews were adopted (June to July 2020). Statistical tools were used to analyze the data and the SPSS statistical program. The study found that the efficiency of the extension organization in the studied governorates is on average and the degree of efficiency is low in the extension organization.

Optimal Administrative Response to Selfish Behaviors in Urban Public Management: The Role of Zero-Determinant Strategies

City management involves complex interactions between the manager (administrator), who supervises urban appearance and environmental sanitation, and the managed (speculator), who works in urban areas and is subject to management ordinances. This article provides an iterated game framework for analyzing the extent to which zero-determinant strategies can be used to optimize the intensity decision of supervisory action against municipal code violations, thus enhancing administrative efficiency. To account for characteristics of the public affairs context, it is assumed that each player in our model chooses from a finite set of discrete and random courses of game strategy. As our model constitutes a major extension to the seminal Press and Dyson (2012) model, we resort to the theory of stochastic process to prove the existence of multiple zero-determinant strategies when players can adopt many strategies in the iterated game. Various numerical examples are presented to validate such strategies’ optimality. Our finding is that, given the probability of adopting a particular strategy, an urban administrator can unilaterally (i) set the speculators’ expected payoff to a level equaling to the opportunity cost of abiding by the law and (ii) let their own expected surplus payoff exceed the speculators. Finally, important policy implications can be derived based on these analyses and conclusions.

ADMINISTRATIVE EFFICIENCY OF EMPLOYEES OF INDIAN POST OFFICES: A CASE STUDY ON NORTH-WESTERN INDIA

This paper helps to revisit the administrative efficiency related perspectives of India Post. It relooks the administrative efficiency aspects of the organisation from related perspectives. This paper looks to appraise the administrative efficiency of India Post in gone 10 years, w.r.t regional, national and international competitors, for its different product lines. Administrative Efficiency will be measured from the Primary Data Perspective. The objective along with pursuance of other objectives, taken along 3 independent stages: I. Initial Feild Screening, I. Pilot Survey, III. Main Survey.