Philosophy of Neuroscience

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina L. Roskies ◽  
Carl F. Craver
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Philosophy Of Neuroscience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The experimental study of the brain has exploded in the past several decades, providing rich material for both philosophers of science and philosophers of mind. In this chapter, the authors summarize some central research areas in philosophy of neuroscience. Some of these areas focus on the internal practice of neuroscience, that is, on the assumptions underlying experimental techniques, the accepted structures of explanations, the goals of integrating disciplines, and the possibility of a unified science of the mind-brain. Other areas focus outwards on the potential impact that neuroscience is having on our conception of the mind and its place in nature.

Philosophy of Neuroscience

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina L. Roskies ◽  
Carl F. Craver
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Philosophy Of Neuroscience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The experimental study of the brain has exploded in the past several decades, providing rich material for both philosophers of science and philosophers of mind. In this chapter, the authors summarize some central research areas in philosophy of neuroscience. Some of these areas focus on the internal practice of neuroscience, that is, on the assumptions underlying experimental techniques, the accepted structures of explanations, the goals of integrating disciplines, and the possibility of a unified science of the mind-brain. Other areas focus outwards on the potential impact that neuroscience is having on our conception of the mind and its place in nature.

Searching for Memory: The Brain, the Mind, and the Past

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
C. Brooks Brenneis
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Emergent processes in cognitive-emotional interactions

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-448 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Brain Organization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mind And Brain ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Anatomical Evidence ◽  
Made In

Emotion and cognition have been viewed as largely separate entities in the brain. Within this framework, significant progress has been made in understanding specific aspects of behavior. Research in the past two decades, however, has started to paint a different picture of brain organization, one in which network interactions are key to understanding complex behaviors. From both basic and clinical perspectives, the characterization of cognitive-emotional interactions constitutes a fundamental issue in the investigation of the mind and brain. This review will highlight the interactive and integrative potential that exists in the brain to bring together the cognitive and emotional domains. First, anatomical evidence will be provided, focusing on structures such as hypothalamus, basal forebrain, amygdala, cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula. Data on functional interactions will then be discussed, followed by a discussion of a dual competition framework, which describes cognitive-emotional interactions in terms of perceptual and cognitive competition mechanisms.

Expanding perspectives on cognition in humans, animals, and machines

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Gomez-Marin ◽  
Zachary F Mainen
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Over the past decade neuroscience has been attacking the problem of cognition with increasing vigor. Yet, what exactly is cognition, beyond a general signifier of anything seemingly complex the brain does? Here, we briefly review attempts to define, describe, explain, build, enhance and experience cognition. We highlight perspectives including psychology, molecular biology, computation, dynamical systems, machine learning, behavior and phenomenology. This survey of the landscape reveals not a clear target for explanation but a pluralistic and evolving scene with diverse opportunities for grounding future research. We argue that rather than getting to the bottom of it, over the next century, by deconstructing and redefining cognition, neuroscience will and should expand rather than merely reduce our concept of the mind.

Neurophysiology of Remembering

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
György Buzsáki ◽  
Sam McKenzie ◽  
Lila Davachi
Keyword(s):  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Blank Slate ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

By linking the past with the future, our memories define our sense of identity. Because human memory engages the conscious realm, its examination has historically been approached from language and introspection and proceeded largely along separate parallel paths in humans and other animals. Here, we first highlight the achievements and limitations of this mind-based approach and make the case for a new brain-based understanding of declarative memory with a focus on hippocampal physiology. Next, we discuss the interleaved nature and common physiological mechanisms of navigation in real and mental spacetime. We suggest that a distinguishing feature of memory types is whether they subserve actions for single or multiple uses. Finally, in contrast to the persisting view of the mind as a highly plastic blank slate ready for the world to make its imprint, we hypothesize that neuronal networks are endowed with a reservoir of neural trajectories, and the challenge faced by the brain is how to select and match preexisting neuronal trajectories with events in the world. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

scholarly journals The BRAIN Initiative: developing technology to catalyse neuroscience discovery

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1668) ◽  
pp. 20140164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyric A. Jorgenson ◽  
William T. Newsome ◽  
David J. Anderson ◽  
Cornelia I. Bargmann ◽  
Emery N. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Brain

The evolution of the field of neuroscience has been propelled by the advent of novel technological capabilities, and the pace at which these capabilities are being developed has accelerated dramatically in the past decade. Capitalizing on this momentum, the United States launched the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative to develop and apply new tools and technologies for revolutionizing our understanding of the brain. In this article, we review the scientific vision for this initiative set forth by the National Institutes of Health and discuss its implications for the future of neuroscience research. Particular emphasis is given to its potential impact on the mapping and study of neural circuits, and how this knowledge will transform our understanding of the complexity of the human brain and its diverse array of behaviours, perceptions, thoughts and emotions.

scholarly journals The parents of neuroscience and the neuroscience of parents

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (83) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilton Santos da Silva ◽  
Katie Coren Freeman ◽  
Craig Howard Kinsley
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Ideas ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Today’s burgeoning science of the mind, neuroscience stands on the shoulders of giants, great minds that have madehistory and still influence present day neurobiology because the strength of their contributions was so widespread andenduring. Our contribution will discuss some of the major forebears of neuroscience, and their continued contribution tothe field. We will trace some of the fundamental roots of the field going back thousands of years, showing a logical connectionbetween thinking of the past and ideas today. We next discuss our present day work and modest contributionsto the thinking about the brain and its natural malleability owing to the events of pregnancy and care of young. Finally,we will talk about what the future of the field may hold as more advancement in technology and apparatus lead us tonew discoveries and insights into our inner universe. Together, we hope to demonstrate that basic ideas and theorizing,first proposed in the vivid imaginations of science giants still hold sway today, influencing thinking and research at thethreshold of the 21st century. A good idea remains a good idea, resistant to time and tide, and available to inspire and guidethinking and theorizing long after its source has disappeared.

Lighting Up the Brain to Illuminate the Mind

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-716
Author(s):  
Ellen S. Berscheid
Keyword(s):  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain
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