Toward a Trans* Method in Musicology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Baitz
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Musical Structures ◽  
New Materialisms ◽  
Way Of Knowing ◽  
Material Conditions

This chapter shows that the methods used to approach queer musical subjects cannot adequately account for transsexual ones. To show this, I distinguish queer methods from transsexual methods, while acknowledging a continuum between those extremes. Queer aesthetic and interpretive models highlight a transcending of bodily and other material structures; transsexuality invests in the body. Transsexual studies situate embodiment and material conditions as primary sources of knowledge (or forms of “counterknowledge”), thereby providing new ways for musicologists to consider the meaning that musical structures hold. Likewise, transsexual artists become legible within musicology through an application of transsexual studies (notably including phenomenology and new materialisms) to music. Ultimately, by integrating transsexual epistemologies with queer ones, a new way of knowing music (a “trans* method”) is suggested.

On the Authoritativeness of Sunni Consensus

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weal B. Hallaq
Keyword(s):  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Mental Faculty ◽  
Original Case ◽  
Consensus Functions ◽  
Legal Judgments ◽  
Substantive Law

Sunni Islam recognizes four sources from and through which the laws governing its conduct are derived. These are the Qur'an, the Sunna of the Prophet, the consensus (ljmā') of the community and its scholars, and qiyās, the juridicological method of inference. The first two sources provide the jurist with the material from which he is to extract through qiyas and ijtihād (the disciplined exercise of mental faculty) the law which he believes to the best of his knowledge to be that decreed by God. Except for a relatively limited number of cases where the Qu'an and the Sunna offer already-formulated legal judgments, the great majority of furū' cases, which constitute the body of positive and substantive law, are derived by qiyas. Thus, qiyas may be used to “discover” the judgment of a new case provided that this case has not already been solved in the two primary sources. The process of legal reasoning which qiyas involves is charged with innumerable difficulties not the least of which is finding the circle of common similarity, the 'illa, between the original case in the texts and the new case which requires a legal judgment. Since finding the 'illa entails a certain amount of guesswork (zann) on the part of the jurist and since it is highly probable that the 'illa is extracted from a text which is not entirely reliable or a text capable of more than one interpretation, Sunni jurists deemed the results of qiyas to be probable (zannī). It is only at this point that consensus may enter into play in the legal process. Should Muslims, represented by their jurists, reach an agreement on the validity of a zanni legal judgment, such judgment is automatically transferred from the domain of juristic speculation to that of certainty (qat', yaqīn). Consensus then renders this judgment irrevocable, not to be challenged or reinterpreted by later generations. Furthermore, this judgment, being so irrevocable, acquires a validity tantamount to that of the Qur'an and the highly reliable traditions embodied in the Sunna of the Prophet. Thus, such a case with its established judgment becomes a precedent according to which another new legal question may be solved. It is only in this sense that consensus functions as a source of law, a source which is infallible.

Ontological Captivity

differences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-113
Author(s):  
Andrés Fabián Henao Castro
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Color Line ◽  
Ontological Difference ◽  
Detention Center ◽  
Racial Capitalism ◽  
Penal Colony ◽  
Political Critique ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Broad Understanding

Departing from where Jacques Derrida’s deconstruction of Martin Heidegger’s gender-neutral Dasein left off, this article argues for “ontological captivity” as a critical analytic for questioning Being under conditions of racial capitalism. Based on a broad understanding of the Black Radical tradition, the author argues for the importance of connecting the analysis of ontological difference with the political critique of concrete historical and material conditions that structurally link what it means to be human to overlapping and mutually reinforcing technologies of capture. From the slave ship, the plantation, the reservation, the prison, the detention center, the penal colony, and the concentration camp to the ways in which injurious signifiers fix the body and arrest its mobility, ontological difference should be unthinkable outside a confrontation with its material conditions of possibility and impossibility. These are the material conditions that, from W. E. B. Du Bois’s analysis of the “color-line” to Calvin Warren’s analytic of “onticide,” from Lewis Gordon’s “antiblackness” to Nelson Maldonado-Torres’s “coloniality of being,” and from Hortense Spillers’s “being for the captor” to Zakiyyah Iman Jackson’s “ontological plasticization,” call for a political rather than an ethical interrogation of Being.

scholarly journals KESAKSIAN ANGGOTA TUBUH DI HARI KIAMAT PERSPEKTIF TAFSIR SAINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-94
Author(s):  
Rizki Pauziah Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law

Testimony is a statement made by a witness who saw the incident by himself and was at the scene at that time. Nothing can escape this evidence in the afterlife, nor can it be manipulated in the slightest. So the source of the problem that will be discussed is how to witness the body and the interpretation of the rationality of the testimony of the limbs in QS. Yasin: 65. The research approach used by the author is a qualitative approach and is more inclined to follow library research and uses thematic analysis methods, this research will rely on the interpretation of Al-Jawahir Fi Tafsiril Qur'an by Tantawi Jauhari and books. as primary sources, research journals, and research theses as secondary sources. And what is relevant to this research, the results of the testimony of the limbs according to tantawi Jauhari are that the limbs will testify and it is not only in the afterlife, the body can testify against its owner. but even in the law that applies in the world, the limb that can be used to prove it, to reveal a crime such as murder or abuse. Here the limbs are like hands, it can help to expose the crime. One of them uses a DNA or fingerprint test, and only Allah will see what the testimony on the Day of Judgment is.

Fast Cars and Vital Exhaustion

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-214
Author(s):  
Sarah Waters
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Vital Exhaustion ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Conditions Of Work

Chapter five examines a series of suicides at car manufacturer Renault, situating them in the transition from an industrial model to a knowledge economy, in which value is expropriated from the resources of the mind. Suicides did not take place in the emblematic spaces of the factory, where cars were once mass produced, but in a state-of-the art research centre, where cognitive workers conceptualised and designed cutting-edge cars of the future. In the knowledge economy, the mind is treated as an endlessly productive resource that reproduces itself continuously and is unencumbered by the physical limitations of the body. I argue that suicides were the end point of a form of vital exhaustion that transcends the corporeal defences of the physical body and depletes the mental and emotional resources of the self. Suicides do not reflect a deterioration in formal or material conditions of work, but rather a transformation in forms of constraint, as the individual worker internalises modes of discipline and becomes his or her own boss. Suicides affected workers who experienced a phase of chronic overwork in which the quest to achieve productivity targets pushed them to work continuously and obsessively.

scholarly journals Feminist affect and children's embodied trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Anna Hickey-Moody ◽  
Marissa Willcox
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Intergenerational Trauma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
Bodily Experience ◽  
Theoretical Tool ◽  
New Materialisms ◽  
Bodily Feelings ◽  
Feminist New Materialisms

Feminist new materialisms account for the agency of the body and the ways it is entangled with, in and through its environment. Similarly, affect scholars have putwords to the bodily feelings and attunements that we can’t describe. In this paper, we provide a brief survey of feminist thought that established the scholarly landscape and appetite for the turn to affect and offer this as a theoretical tool for thinking through the child body. Feminist affect is used here as a resource for understanding embodied change in children who are living with intergenerational trauma. Through analysing data from the Interfaith Childhoods project, we explore art as a way to affectively rework trauma in three case studies with refugee children from our Australian fieldwork sites. Our new materialist arts based approaches map embodied changes in children that speak to how bodies inherit and are affected by things that often can’tbe described. Specifically, in relation to their religious, cultural and refugee histories (Van der Kolk 2014, Menakem 2017), we offer the analysis in this paper as a routetowards understanding children’s bodily experience and expression, in ways that havebeen made possible by affective lines of inquiry pioneered by feminist scholarship.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of New Zealand’s Consumers Price Index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Corin Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Price Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
First Case ◽  
Political Forces

<p>The structure of New Zealand’s Consumers Price Index has changed many times over its 100 year history. As New Zealand’s most influential and consequential official statistic the CPI performs political and distributional functions that affects ‘who gets what and when’. Some observers suggest that change in the structure of the CPI is merely the consequence of technological improvement which in turn alters the conduct of policy-making and politics.  This study turns that assumption on its head by demonstrating that it is politics that has altered the technology known as the CPI. Through the examination and evaluation of the changing political and economic context that the index operates within, this thesis work finds that the CPI was transformed by the very political forces it was designed to contain.  This thesis argues that because the index functions as political decision-making tool that supports the setting of salaries and wages, benefit levels and interest rates, change in the form of the index is a result of struggle among interests affected by these highly political decisions.  This thesis makes its case through analysis of primary sources and official documentation relating to the development of the index. The first case study tracks the origins of the first official index in 1914, devised in order to learn what it cost a ‘working’ family to meet its basic needs through its transformation into a tool that set wages and measured price change in the wider economy. This is reinforced by a study of change to the index since the 1970s, focusing on the use of the CPI in the conduct of monetary policy that resulted in a politically driven change to the measurement of household inflation. These case studies are further supported by examination of the secondary literature on price indexes, monetary policy and institutional change theory.  This thesis adds to the body of knowledge on theories of institutional change by presenting evidence of the conflict that has caused political change to the technology of the CPI.</p>

Pre-Raphaelite Poetry

2020 ◽  
pp. 553-567
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Helsinger
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
William Morris ◽  
Dante Gabriel Rossetti ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Arts ◽  
New Directions

Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Morris in the early stages of their careers sought to turn modern poetry in new directions by reinterpreting both the body and the spirit of the arts practised in Europe and Britain before Raphael. Four things marked their encounter with the past. First, both went directly to primary sources. Second, they began by making their own translations, verbal or visual; the act of translating brought to consciousness the particularities of both past and present. Third, both moved from translation to pastiche and invention, finding new ways to use the past to create in the present the shock of the new. And finally, these activities were shared projects, fired by the exchange of work and ideas among a circle of family, friends, and fellow artists and poets.

Subject, postmodern critique of

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hengehold
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Continental Philosophy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The critique of the subject in late twentieth-century continental philosophy is associated primarily with the work of Foucault, Derrida, Lacan and Deleuze. Driven by philosophical, political and therapeutic concerns, these thinkers question the subject’s ability to declare itself self-evidently independent of the external conditions of its own possibility, such as the language in which it expresses clear and distinct ideas, the body whose deceptions it fears, and the historical or cultural conditions in which it perceives reason or tyranny. Moreover, they fear that the ethical price of such insistence upon absolute self-possession is the exclusion and oppression of social groups whose supposed irrationality or savagery represent the self’s own rejected possibilities for change and discovery. Their work draws upon Marxist, Freudian and Nietzschean insights concerning the dependence of consciousness upon its material conditions, unconscious roots, or constituting ‘outside’. However, their use of these influences is guided by a common fidelity to Kant’s search for the ‘conditions of possibility’ underlying subjective experience, as well as his scepticism regarding our capacity to know the self and its motivations as objects ‘in themselves’.

scholarly journals To Send a Kite: Simone Weil’s Lessons in Ethical Attention for the Curator

Philosophies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Maggie Sava
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Central Case ◽  
Communicative Space

As socially engaged practices grow within the curatorial field, the use of attention becomes a crucial ethical decision. How and to whom attention is given centers on concerns of visibility, belonging, and the determination of those characteristics within a community’s negotiated communicative space. Exploring Simone Weil’s ethics of attention through and alongside incarceration-focused curatorial projects, this article positions her writing as a potential framework for attentive curation. The resulting pathways found in Weil’s writing offer means of transforming the curatorial into a self-silencing act of witnessing that serves underrecognized voices. This research parses how Weilian attention redefines inquiry as the process of listening to and incorporating others’ perspectives as primary sources of knowledge. Looking towards an ethics of Weilian attention with examples of incarceration-focused curation reveals how upholding the insights and articulations of marginalized individuals promotes social wellbeing and works towards the realization of justice. Thousand Kites, a prison-based project connecting inmates and the public through the radio and internet, provides the central case study for a curatorial project aligning with Weilian attention.

Awareness of Substance Abuse and other Health-Related Behaviors among Preschool Children

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forest S. Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Suitable Target ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pictorial Representations ◽  
Very High

A group of forty-six preschool children, ages five and six, who were recipients of well-child examinations, were surveyed by a trained person without parents or teacher present. Subjects were shown eight pictorial representations of drug abuse, alcohol abuse, smoking, over-eating, tooth brushing, exercising, wearing a seat belt, and violence towards others. Each child was asked to identify each health-related behavior; explain its health implication; state whether they currently practiced or planned to engage in the behavior in the future; and identify their source of knowledge. All children could identify at least some of the behaviors and relate some health benefits or hazards of the behavior. Parents and television were the primary sources of knowledge. This study suggests that preschool children may be a suitable target population for substance abuse and other health-related education, since awareness of these behaviors was very high in the group of children studied here.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document