Trigonometric parallax of O-rich Mira variable star OZ Gem (IRAS 07308+3037): A confirmation of the difference between the P–L relations of the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riku Urago ◽  
Ryohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Toshihiro Omodaka ◽  
Takumi Nagayama ◽  
James O Chibueze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milky Way ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Mass Star ◽  
Pulsation Period ◽  
Mira Variable ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
K Band

Abstract OZ Geminorum (OZ Gem) is a galactic Mira variable in the Milky Way (MW). We measured its annual parallax with VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry to be π = 0.806 ± 0.039 mas, corresponding to a distance of D = 1.24 ± 0.06 kpc. Based on multi-epoch infrared observations with the Kagoshima University 1 m telescope, we also derived the mean J-, H-, and K′-band magnitudes of OZ Gem to be 5.75 ± 0.47 mag, 4.00 ± 0.16 mag, and 2.65 ± 0.16 mag, respectively. We derived a pulsation period of OZ Gem as 592 ± 1 d from the K′-band lightcurve. From the period–luminosity (P–L) relation and two-color diagram of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the property of OZ Gem suggests that OZ Gem is assigned among the carbon-rich Mira variables. However, our optical spectroscopic observational results (with the 1.5 m Kanata telescope) confirmed OZ Gem to be an oxygen-rich Mira star with the detection of multiple titanium oxide transition absorption lines. We suggest that OZ Gem is a low-mass star evolving to an OH/IR star with large mass loss and dust formation. It is predicted that the lower limit to the initial mass of AGB stars for developing the C-rich surface chemistry is larger in the MW than in the LMC because of larger metallicity, and OZ Gem is likely to be the first example to prove this. Our results highlight the necessity of deriving the PL relation of the Milky Way with high accuracy.

Astrometry and infrared observations of the Mira variable stars AP Lyncis, V837 Herculis, and BX Camelopardalis: Implications for the period–luminosity relation of the Milky Way

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
James O Chibueze ◽  
Riku Urago ◽  
Toshihiro Omodaka ◽  
Yuto Morikawa ◽  
Masayuki Y Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milky Way ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Variable Stars ◽  
Log P ◽  
Infrared Observations ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Mira Variable ◽  
Circumstellar Extinction ◽  
Type Variable ◽  
K Band

Abstract AP Lyn and V837 Her are long-period Mira variable stars in the Milky Way. We performed VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) phase-referenced observations towards H2O masers associated with AP Lyn and V837 Her. The annual parallaxes of AP Lyn and V837 Her were obtained to be 2.008 ± 0.038 mas and 1.090 ± 0.014 mas, corresponding to distances of 498 ± 10 pc and 917 ± 12 pc, respectively. From our multi-epoch infrared observations using the Kagoshima University 1 m telescope, we derived the mean J-, H-, and K′-band magnitudes of AP Lyn, V837 Her, and an additional long-period Mira variable BX Cam, whose parallax is known. We derived their pulsation periods to be 433 ± 1 d, 520 ± 1 d, and 458 ± 1 d, respectively, using the K′-band light curves. The MK–log P relation of long-period Mira variables seem to be violated by Mira variable stars with larger-than-expected MK values (like OZ Gem) in the Milky Way because of circumstellar extinction leading to an observed dimming effect. AP Lyn, V837 Her, and BX Cam (like OZ Gem) are dimming from the trend to O-rich stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. This implies that the high metallicity of the Milky Way galaxy increases the opacity of the Mira-type variable stars and strengthens mass loss.

Dust discs around low-mass main-sequence stars

1988 ◽  
Vol 325 (1587) ◽  
pp. 423-437 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Orbital Evolution ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Mass Star ◽  
Orbital Inclination ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Sides

Current understanding of the formation of circumstellar discs as a natural accompaniment to the process of low-mass star formation is briefly reviewed. Models of the thermal emission from the dust discs around the prototype stars a Lyr, a PsA, P Pic and 8 Eri are discussed, which indicate that the central regions of three of these discs are almost devoid of dust within radii ranging between 17 and 26 AU, with the temperature of the hottest dust lying between about 115 and 210 K. One possible explanation of the dust-free zones is the presence of a planet at the inner boundary of each cloud that sweeps up grains crossing its orbit. The discs have outer radii that range between about 250 and 800 AU and have dust masses that are unlikely to exceed about 300 Earth masses. Assuming a gas: dust ratio of 100:1 for the pre-mainsequence disc this corresponds to a mass of ca. 0.1 M Q comparable to that of the premain-sequence star HL Tau. The colour, diameter and thickness of the optical image of P Pic, obtained by coronagraphic techniques, have provided further information on the size, radial distribution of number density and orbital inclination of the grains. The difference in surface brightness on the two sides of the disc is puzzling, but might be explained if the grains are elongated and aligned by the combined effects of a stellar wind and a magnetic field of spiral configuration. Finally, we discuss the orbital evolution and lifetimes of particles in these discs, which are governed primarily by radiation pressure, Poynting-Robertson drag and grain-grain collisions. Although replenishment of these discs may be occurring, for example by grains ejected from comets, discs of initial radius ca. 1000 AU can survive Poynting-Robertson depletion over the stellar age and there is no prima facie evidence as yet in favour of a balance between sources and sinks of dust.

scholarly journals The interstellar medium of the Magellanic Clouds from absorption lines

1991 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas S. De Boer
Keyword(s):  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Absorption Line ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
Absorption Lines ◽  
Small Magellanic Cloud ◽  
General Aspects

General aspects of ISM studies using absorption line studies are given and available data are reviewed. Topics are: galactic foreground gas, individual fields in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) and MC coronae. Overall investigations are discussed. It is demonstrated that the metals in the gas of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) are a factor of 3 and 10, respectively, in abundance below solar levels. The depletion pattern in the LMC is similar to that of the Milky Way.

scholarly journals Physical parameters and chemical abundances of Planetary Nebulae in the large Magellanic Cloud

1997 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 471-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Carlos Reyes ◽  
J. E. Steiner ◽  
F. Elizalde
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
The Difference

In the present work we have computed the physical parameters and chemical abundances for 45 planetary nebulae (PN) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using the photoionization code CLOUDY, developed by Ferland (1993). CLOUDY is used as a subroutine in the code DIANA, developed by Elizalde & Steiner (1996), which minimises indices that measures the difference between the calculated and real nebula.

scholarly journals “2-D Frutti” Spectra of B Supergiants in the Milky Way and the LMC

1988 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 559-562
Author(s):  
Edward L. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Milky Way ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Image Tube ◽  
Blue Region ◽  
Pattern Noise ◽  
Fixed Pattern Noise ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Type Detector

Digital spectra of 7 B-type supergiants in the Milky Way and 15 B-type supergiants in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) were obtained in December 1986 using the “2-D Frutti” detector (2-DF) and the Carnegie Image Tube Spectrograph on the 1-m telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The 2-DF is a photon counting, 2-dimensional Shechtman-type detector, now available on both the 1-m and 4-m telescopes at CTIO. The detector/spectrograph configuration used for the December observing run yielded spectra covering the classical blue region, 3800-5000 Å, with a resolution of approximately 3 Å. The typical observing procedure was to obtain spectra for each star at several locations along the slit. The individual spectra were then averaged (to reduce the detector fixed pattern noise) resulting in S/N ratios of 50-60 in the 4300 Å region.

scholarly journals Blue Straggler Stars Beyond the Milky Way. III. Detection of Evolved Blue Straggler Candidates in Large Magellanic Cloud Clusters

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Li ◽  
Licai Deng ◽  
Kenji Bekki ◽  
Jongsuk Hong ◽  
Richard de Grijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milky Way ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Cloud Clusters ◽  
Blue Straggler

scholarly journals The Large Magellanic Cloud PN population

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (A29B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren A. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Milky Way ◽  
Central Star ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Parent Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Standard Candle ◽  
Evolutionary Paths ◽  
Stellar Density

AbstractThe Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) allow us to study late stellar evolution in environments that are respectively about a half and a quarter the metallicity of the Milky Way. With a known distance and low reddening, the LMC is an excellent environment to study PNe and conduct multiple studies. Over the past twelve months we have used the UKST Hα survey to complete our search for faint PNe in the outer most LMC beyond the 64 deg2area previously covered. Follow-up spectroscopy using AAOmega on the AAT and the 2.3-m telescope at Siding Spring Observatory have yielded a further 22 new LMC PNe while confirming the 8 previously known in the outer LMC. Medium- and high-resolution spectra have been used to measure fluxes and derive densities, mass and central star temperatures. A strong correlation is found between PNe and stellar density. This is visually displayed and given an empirical value of α = 1 PN / 2.5 × 106L⊙. The current [Oiii]-based PNLF, apart from providing an excellent standard candle, contains information about the parent population. The new PNLF, which extends down nine magnitudes, permits investigation of the faint end, the overall effects of internal extinction and provides clues to explain the insensitivity of the PNLF cutoff. When compared to the ionised density and mass of LMC PNe, the PNLF reveals it’s bimodal characteristics. Two separate evolutionary paths are evident for young, evolving PNe.

scholarly journals New near-infrared JHKs light-curve templates for RR Lyrae variables

2019 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. A1 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Braga ◽  
P. B. Stetson ◽  
G. Bono ◽  
M. Dall’Ora ◽  
I. Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Curve ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Anchor Point ◽  
Phase Point ◽  
Pulsation Period ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

We provide homogeneous optical (UBVRI) and near-infrared (NIR, JHK) time series photometry for 254 cluster (ω Cen, M 4) and field RR Lyrae (RRL) variables. We ended up with more than 551 000 measurements, of which only 9% are literature data. For 94 fundamental (RRab) and 51 first overtones (RRc) we provide a complete optical/NIR characterization (mean magnitudes, luminosity amplitudes, epoch of the anchor point). The NIR light curves of these variables were adopted to provide new light-curve templates for both RRc and RRab variables. The templates for the J and the H bands are newly introduced, together with the use of the pulsation period to discriminate among the different RRab templates. To overcome subtle uncertainties in the fit of secondary features of the light curves we provide two independent sets of analytical functions (Fourier and periodic Gaussian series). The new templates were validated by using 26 ω Cen and Bulge RRLs. We find that the difference between the measured mean magnitude along the light curve and the mean magnitude estimated by using the template on a single randomly extracted phase point is better than 0.01 mag (σ = 0.04 mag). We also validated the template on variables for which at least three phase points were available, but without information on the phase of the anchor point. We find that the accuracy of the mean magnitudes is also ∼0.01 mag (σ = 0.04 mag). The new templates were applied to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) globular cluster Reticulum and by using literature data and predicted PLZ relations we find true distance moduli μ = 18.47 ± 0.10 (rand.) ± 0.03 (syst.) mag (J) and 18.49 ± 0.09 ± 0.05 mag (K). We also used literature optical and mid-infrared data and we found a mean μ of 18.47 ± 0.02 ± 0.06 mag, suggesting that Reticulum is ∼1 kpc closer than the LMC.

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