DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF DEVICES FOR CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN WATERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 419-423
Author(s):  
Terézia Eckertová ◽  
Karol Holý ◽  
Monika Müllerová ◽  
Martin Bulko
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Radon Measurement ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Earthquake Predictions

Abstract Continuous radon measurement in waters is an appropriate tool for the study of its variations as well as for the clarification and understanding of the factors that cause these changes. In addition, sudden changes in radon activity concentration (RAC) in groundwater can be used to identify geodynamic activities and earthquake predictions. In this paper, two measuring systems for continuous monitoring of RAC in waters are presented and tested. One of them was designed for water sources with a high yield; the second one operates with a constant volume of a sample using a different method of 222Rn release from water. We present our first laboratory tests of continuous measurement of RAC in tap waters as well as the variations of RAC observed during a week.

ANALYSIS OF RADON TIME SERIES RECORDED IN SLOVAK AND CZECH CAVES FOR THE DETECTION OF ANOMALIES DUE TO SEISMIC PHENOMENA

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 428-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Ambrosino ◽  
Lenka Thinová ◽  
Miloš Briestenský ◽  
Carlo Sabbarese
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Mode Decomposition ◽  
Active Tectonic

Abstract Anomalies in the radon (222Rn) releases in underground environments are one of the phenomena that can be observed before earthquake occurrence. Continuous measurements of radon activity concentration, and of meteorological parameters that influence the gas emission, were performed in three Slovak and Czech caves during 1-y period (1 July 2016–30 June 2017). The radon activity concentration in caves shows seasonal variations, with maxima reached during summer months. The anomalies in the radon time series are identified using a combination of three mathematical methods: multiple linear regression, empirical mode decomposition and support vector regression. The radon anomaly periods were compared with earthquake occurrences in Europe. Coincidences between both phenomena were found, since all monitored caves reflect contemporaneous local tectonic changes. The results indicate that radon continuous monitoring could assist a better understanding of radon emissions, along active tectonic structures, during seismic events.

EFFECTIVE DOSES DUE TO OUTDOOR AND INDOOR RADON AT A MEDITERRANEAN SITE

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Dafina Kikaj ◽  
Janja Vaupotič
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Effective Doses

Abstract A year-long continuous measurement of the radon activity concentration in the outdoor air at a Mediterranean site has shown a range of 2–144 Bq m−3 and annual mean of 18 ± 14 Bq m−3. Seasonal means were: 15 ± 10 Bq m−3 in winter, 15 ± 12 Bq m−3 in spring, 22 ± 19 Bq m−3 in summer and 17 ± 12 Bq m−3 in autumn. In summer, the average radon activity concentration in the daytime (6–22 h) was 15.2 Bq m−3 and in the night-time (22–6 h) 33.4 Bq m−3. The annual effective dose was 1.83 mSv, with 1.66 mSv from indoor and 0.17 mSv (9%) from outdoor radon. The related doses for the summertime were (mSv): 0.29, 0.24 and 0.05 (18%).

Daily and seasonal variations in radon activity concentration in the soil air

2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 222-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M llerova ◽  
K. Holy ◽  
M. Bulko
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Soil Air ◽  
Radon Activity

Radon protection in apartments by wireless radon activity concentration-controlled ventilation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Dehnert ◽  
Diana Altendorf ◽  
Ralf Trabitzsch ◽  
Hannes Grünewald ◽  
Ralph Geisenhainer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Controlled Ventilation

Continuous Monitoring of the Wheel-Rail Contact Vertical Forces by Using a Variable Measurement Scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. P. Boronenko ◽  
R. V. Rahimov ◽  
Waail M. Lafta ◽  
S. V. Dmitriev ◽  
A. V. Belyankin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Series ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Continuous Measurement ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Instantaneous Position ◽  
Variable Measurement

Abstract This paper presents a new technology of continuous measurement and recording of forces in wheel/rail contact by measuring strains in two rail cross-sections, which allows increasing the measurement accuracy. The method for processing the measurement data is proposed with a variable scale between strains and force, depending on the instantaneous position of the wheel with respect to a span between sleepers. The gage characteristics obtained by rolling a wheel over the rail between two sleepers are approximated by using Fourier series abilities and used for the assessment of wheel/rail forces. By using the suggested technology, the amount of information obtained increased 2 times.

MEASUREMENT OF RADON ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION IN UNDERGROUND WATER OF BURETI SUB-COUNTY OF KERICHO COUNTY KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Charles K Rotich ◽  
Nadir O Hashim ◽  
Margaret W Chege ◽  
Catherine Nyambura
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Annual Dose ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The activity concentration of radon in underground water of Bureti sub-county was measured using liquid scintillating counter device. The average radon activity concentration in all the water samples was 12.41 Bql−1. The maximum and minimum activity concentrations of radon were 22.5 and 4.57 Bql−1, respectively. In total, 53% of the total samples analysed had radon concentration levels above the US Environmental Protection Agency-recommended limit of 11.1 Bql−1. The annual dose received by an individual as a result of waterborne radon was determined according to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation reports and was found to be 33.23 𝜇Svy−1. All the samples recorded a value <100 𝜇Svy−1 recommended by the World Health Organization and the European Union council.

Laboratory diagnostics of iron overload

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Paulina Dziatkiewicz-Warkocz ◽  
Lidia Gil ◽  
Maria Kozłowska-Skrzypczak
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Living Organisms

Iron is a fundamental trace element, essential to maintain homeostasis in living organisms. Iron overload can result from increased iron absorption in the gastrointestinal system, repeated blood transfusions or liver diseases. The iron turnover is regulated by a group of specialized proteins, responsible for its absorption, transport, oxidation and preventing tissue damage that can be caused by the ferrous ions Fe2+. Diagnosis of iron overload states, as well the course of treatment oversight, is based on continuous monitoring of the iron concentration in the body. The use of numerous laboratory tests is the first stage of diagnostics. This work describes primary mechanisms responsible for the regulation of iron metabolism and the consequences of iron overload. Furthermore, it presents an analysis of the currently applied laboratory parameters and other methods used to evaluate iron overload conditions.

Radioactivity in the gas pipeline network in Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Jodlowski ◽  
Jakub Nowak ◽  
Jan Macuda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Radon Progeny ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Radon Activity ◽  
Pipeline Network ◽  
Wide Range

<p>The radiological risk in natural gas industry is mostly connected with radon (Rn-222) and its progeny: Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214, Po-214 and Pb-210. The radon activity concentration in natural gas transported by gas pipelines varies in a wide range from dozens of Bq/m<sup>3</sup> to several thousand Bq/m<sup>3</sup> and mainly depends on the proximity of mines and geological structure of the deposit from which natural gas is extracted and transported. The radon progeny are ion metals, which are easily adsorbed on aerosols and deposited on the inner surfaces of gas pipe and other gas processing equipment such as scrubbers, compressors, reflux pumps, control valves and product lines creating thin radioactive films. Additionally, radon progeny together with aerosols (in contrast to radon) are retained on filters. In the aftermath of successive radioactive decay of short-lived radon progeny, long-lived Pb-210 is accumulated on filters.</p><p>             The paper presents the study of the Rn-222, Pb-210 connected with the transport of natural gas by the gas pipeline network in Poland. In the scope of the study the measurements of activity concentration of radon (Rn-222) in the gas samples (with alpha scintillation cells), radiolead Pb-210 in spent filter cartridges and dust samples collected from the gas pipeline network (with gamma-ray spectrometry) were performed.</p><p>             The results show that the Rn-222 activity concentration in natural gas varies from the detection limit of the applied method (30 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>) to around 1400 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>. Generally, the Rn-222 concentration in natural gas samples fluctuate around the mean radon concentration in the air of dwellings in Poland. The elevated radon activity concentrations in natural gas of several hundreds of Bq/m<sup>3</sup> and more are observed at locations where the gas directly comes from local gas mines or where there is a blend of the national gas with imported one. Relatively low radon concentration in imported natural gas is connected with the fact that this gas was imported from abroad. Therefore, the time elapsed from the gas extraction to the collection of samples was relatively long. In consequence, the concentration of Rn-222 in the gas significantly decreased due to radon decay (3.4 days). Additionally, the temporal variability (daily and weekly) of the radon activity concentration in the natural gas were assessed. The results show radon concentrations does not statistically change in daily or weekly time scale.</p><p>             The Pb-210 activity concentration in dust ("black-powder") from gas filters and spent filter cartridges is high and varies from 500 to 17000 Bq/kg and from 200 to 2900 Bq/kg respectively.</p>

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