scholarly journals T100. BELIEFS ABOUT THE SELF AND OTHERS IN PARANOIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S269-S269
Author(s):  
Poppy Brown ◽  
Felicity Waite ◽  
Aitor Rovira ◽  
Alecia Nickless ◽  
Daniel Freeman
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Image Study ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Embedded Tests

Abstract Background Compassionate imagery may be one method of targeting the negative beliefs about the self and others that paranoid thoughts build upon. This talk presents two interventionist-causal studies testing this hypothesis, one targeting compassion for the self and one targeting compassion for others. These studies form part of the programme of work testing the manipulation of putative causal factors in paranoia, in individuals from the general population scoring highly for current paranoid ideation. Methods Two hundred such individuals were recruited. The studies used a randomised controlled experimental design, with embedded tests for mediation. Study one targeted self-compassion via creation of a compassionate coach image. Study two targeted compassion for others via loving kindness meditation. Individuals repeatedly entered neutral virtual reality social environments and changes in compassion and paranoia were assessed. Results Study one showed that, in comparison to the control group, those who practised compassionate coach imagery significantly increased in self-compassion (group difference=2.12, C.I.=1.57;2.67, p=<0.0001, d=1.4) and decreased in paranoia (group difference=-1.73, C.I.=-2.48;-0.98, p=<0.0001, d=0.8). Mediation analysis indicated that change in self-compassion explained 57% of the change in paranoia. Study two showed that in comparison to the control group, those who practised loving kindness meditation significantly increased their compassion for others (group difference=3.26, 95% C.I.: 2.72;3.80, p=<0.0001, d=1.7), and decreased their paranoia (group difference=-1.70, C.I.=-2.51;-0.89, p=<0.0001, d=0.8). Change in compassion for others explained 63% of the change in paranoia. Discussion Together, the studies suggest that targeting negative beliefs about the self and others using compassionate imagery causes reductions in paranoia, which may have benefits in clinical populations.

scholarly journals A Short Mindfulness Retreat for Students to Reduce Stress and Promote Self-Compassion: Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial Exploring Both an Indoor and a Natural Outdoor Retreat Setting

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Dorthe Djernis ◽  
Mia S. O’Toole ◽  
Lone O. Fjorback ◽  
Helle Svenningsen ◽  
Mimi Y. Mehlsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Here, we developed and examined a new way of disseminating mindfulness in nature to people without meditation experience, based on the finding that mindfulness conducted in natural settings may have added benefits. We evaluated a 5-day residential programme aiming to reduce stress and improve mental health outcomes. We compared an indoor and an outdoor version of the programme to a control group in a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). Sixty Danish university students experiencing moderate to high levels of stress were randomised into a residential mindfulness programme indoors (n = 20), in nature (n = 22), or a control group (n = 18). Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale and the Self-Compassion Scale (primary outcomes) along with additional secondary outcome measures at the start and end of the program and 3 months after. Stress was decreased with small to medium effect sizes post-intervention, although not statistically significant. Self-compassion increased post-intervention, but effect sizes were small and not significant. At follow-up, changes in stress were not significant, however self-compassion increased for both interventions with medium-sized effects. For the intervention groups, medium- to large-sized positive effects on trait mindfulness after a behavioural task were found post-intervention, and small- to medium-sized effects in self-reported mindfulness were seen at follow-up. Connectedness to Nature was the only outcome measure with an incremental effect in nature, exceeding the control with a medium-sized effect at follow-up. All participants in the nature arm completed the intervention, and so did 97% of the participants in all three arms. Overall, the results encourage the conduct of a larger-scale RCT, but only after adjusting some elements of the programme to better fit and take advantage of the potential benefits of the natural environment.

scholarly journals Self-Compassion When Coping With Venture Obstacles: Loving-Kindness Meditation and Entrepreneurial Fear of Failure

2019 ◽  
pp. 104225871989099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Engel ◽  
Stephany Noordijk ◽  
Afra Spoelder ◽  
Marco van Gelderen
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Entrepreneurship Theory ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
Fear Reactivity

Entrepreneurial fear of failure is a ubiquitous yet aversive experience with critical implications for entrepreneurial action and well-being. To understand how entrepreneurs can effectively cope with fear-inducing obstacles, we hypothesize and experimentally test the extent to which self-compassion, cultivated through Loving-Kindness Meditation (LKM), counteracts entrepreneurs’ fear of failure when facing a threatening venture obstacle. Compared to an active control group, entrepreneurs exposed to a brief guided LKM showed higher self-compassion, which, in turn, was associated with lower fear reactivity. We offer novel contributions to entrepreneurship theory and practice by highlighting the role of meditation and self-compassion in building entrepreneurial resilience.

scholarly journals Testing the Efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a Mindfulness and Compassion-Based Programme for Cultivating Nonviolence in Teenagers: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Delgado-Suárez ◽  
Yolanda López-del-Hoyo ◽  
Javier García-Campayo ◽  
Adrián Pérez-Aranda ◽  
Marta Modrego-Alarcón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Most programmes developed to reduce aggressive attitudes among teenagers are based on cultivating nonviolence, a construct that has been related to compassion and, more indirectly, mindfulness. This study aims at testing the efficacy of ‘Unlearning’, a mindfulness and compassion-based programme, for reducing aggressive attitudes in adolescents.Method: A sample of 164 students from three high schools in Zaragoza (Spain) participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to (1) ‘Unlearning’, or (2) relaxation programme. Three assessment points were established: baseline, post-treatment and a 4-month follow-up. The outcome variables were the subscales of the ‘Attitudes Toward Social Aggression Scale’. Mindfulness and compassion were assessed as secondary outcomes.Results: ‘Unlearning’ did not produce changes in the primary outcomes, but significant effects were observed post-treatment in self-compassion; and in the follow-up, in self-compassion and mindfulness. The control group did not experience any change post-treatment, but a significant effect in mindfulness was observed in the follow-up. The intergroup analyses indicated that ‘Unlearning’ improved self-compassion, both post-treatment (t = −2.48, p = 0.014) and after 4-months (t = −2.03, p = 0.044), although these results were not statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons.Conclusion: ‘Unlearning’ did not produce significant reductions in aggressive attitudes compared to the control group. The low baseline levels may have hindered the efficacy of the interventions. ‘Unlearning’ showed potential to improve self-compassion, which is related to nonviolence, and this may have positive implications for the adolescents. Future interventions should include teachers and families to enhance the effectiveness of the programmes.

scholarly journals SOLACE: A Psychosocial Stigma Protection Intervention to Improve the Mental Health of Parents of Autistic Children—A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 4477-4491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Lodder ◽  
Chris Papadopoulos ◽  
Gurch Randhawa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractThis study presents findings from a feasibility trial, testing an 8-week psychosocial stigma protection intervention (SOLACE) designed to improve the mental health of parents of autistic children. Seventeen parents were stratified then randomly assigned to either SOLACE (n = 9) or control group (n = 8). Retention and adherence rates were excellent with minimal missing data suggesting SOLACE had good acceptability and feasibility. Quantitative analysis revealed that mental health scores had significantly improved for those who took part in SOLACE compared to no significant changes for control group participants. In addition, changes in secondary outcome measures (e.g. stigma, self-esteem and self-compassion) were in favour of SOLACE. Focus group interviews revealed that SOLACE was acceptable to parents. Results suggest that a full randomised controlled trial is warranted.

scholarly journals Self-compassion to decrease performance anxiety in climbers: A randomized control trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 004
Author(s):  
Philipp Röthlin ◽  
Romaine Leiggener
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Performance Anxiety ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
The Self ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Post Assessment

In climbing, anxiety may impair performance. Using an evolutionary approach, we hypothesized that athletes who treat themselves with self-compassion activate their contentment and soothing system and thus reduce their performance anxiety. A two-week randomized control trial was used to investigate the effect of self-compassion on somatic and cognitive anxiety. We compared two groups (intervention and waiting list) on two dates. Sixty climbers (Mage = 27.95, SDage = 8.57) completed the pre- and post-assessment. The intervention consisted of a psychoeducational leaflet and five self-compassionate writing tasks. In the posttest, the self-compassion intervention group showed increased self-compassion (F = 4.33, p = .04, ηp2 = 0.07) and decreased somatic performance anxiety (F = 6.24, p = .02, ηp2 = 0.10) compared to the waiting list control group. We found no changes in cognitive performance anxiety. The results suggest that self-compassion could be considered as a possible intervention to reduce physical symptoms of performance anxiety.

scholarly journals Development of self compassion of hearing impaired students with the activities based on works of artİşitme engelli öğrencilerin öz duyarlıklarının sanat yapıtlarına dayalı etkinlikler ile geliştirilmesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Berfin Ural ◽  
Ayşe Çakır İlhan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Compassion Scale ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Hearing Impaired Students

This study was conducted in order to develop the self-compassion of hearing impaired students via activities organized with works of art. 24 students in total who study at 9th, 10th and 11th classes of Private Education Public Vocational High School in Altındağ, Ankara which is under the body of the Ministry of National Education participated in the study. 8 week 90 minutes activity program was applied. In order to measure the self-compassion of the students “Self-compassion Scale for Hearing Impaired” was developed. “Self-compassion Scale for Hearing Impaired” and “Personal Information Form” (pre-test) were applied to experimental and control group after the activities of the experimental group finished (post-test), one month after the study was completed (follow-up test). In this study, pre-test and post-test control group model which is one of the real experiment models was used. The relation between self-compassion was examined in accordance with the study aims. It was determined as a result of the study that self-compassion of the students in the experimental group was improved.  It was specified as a result of the analysis that self-compassion development was in favour of the experimental group. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışma, işitme engelli öğrencilerin sanat yapıtları ile düzenlenmiş etkinlikler yolu ile öz duyarlıklarını geliştirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya Ankara Altındağ Kemal Yurtbilir Özel Eğitim Meslek Lisesi’nde 9., 10. ve 11. sınıflara devam eden toplam 24 öğrenci katılmıştır. Çalışmaya 15-21 yaş arası işitme engelli gençler katılmıştır. 8 haftalık 90 dakikalık etkinlik programı uygulanmıştır. Öğrencilerin öz duyarlıklarını ölçmek için “İşitme Engelliler İçin öz Duyarlık Ölçeği” geliştirilmiştir.  “İşitme Engelliler İçin Öz Duyarlık Ölçeği” ve “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” (ön-test), deney grubunun uygulamaları bittikten sonra (son test), çalışma tamamlandıktan bir ay sonra deney ve kontrol grubuna (izleme testi) uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmada gerçek deneme modellerinden birisi olan öntest ve sontest kontrol gruplu model kullanılmıştır. Araştırma amaçları doğrultusunda öz duyarlık arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda deney grubunda ki öğrencilerinin öz duyarlık düzeyinin gelişmiş olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda öz duyarlık gelişimi deney grubu lehine olumlu olarak geliştiği tespit edilmiştir.

scholarly journals Affect-Focused Psychodynamic Internet-Based Therapy for Adolescent Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/18047 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. e18047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Lindqvist ◽  
Jakob Mechler ◽  
Per Carlbring ◽  
Peter Lilliengren ◽  
Fredrik Falkenström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background Adolescent depression is one of the largest health issues in the world and there is a pressing need for effective and accessible treatments. Objective This trial examines whether affect-focused internet-based psychodynamic therapy (IPDT) with therapist support is more effective than an internet-based supportive control condition on reducing depression in adolescents. Methods The trial included 76 adolescents (61/76, 80% female; mean age 16.6 years), self-referred via an open access website and fulfilling criteria for major depressive disorder. Adolescents were randomized to 8 weeks of IPDT (38/76, 50%) or supportive control (38/76, 50%). The primary outcome was self-reported depressive symptoms, measured with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology for Adolescents (QIDS-A17-SR). Secondary outcomes were anxiety severity, emotion regulation, self-compassion, and an additional depression measure. Assessments were made at baseline, postassessment, and at 6 months follow-up, in addition to weekly assessments of the primary outcome measure as well as emotion regulation during treatment. Results IPDT was significantly more effective than the control condition in reducing depression (d=0.82, P=.01), the result of which was corroborated by the second depression measure (d=0.80, P<.001). IPDT was also significantly more effective in reducing anxiety (d=0.78, P<.001) and increasing emotion regulation (d=0.97, P<.001) and self-compassion (d=0.65, P=.003). Significantly more patients in the IPDT group compared to the control group met criteria for response (56% vs 21%, respectively) and remission (35% vs 8%, respectively). Results on depression and anxiety symptoms were stable at 6 months follow-up. On average, participants completed 5.8 (SD 2.4) of the 8 modules. Conclusions IPDT may be an effective intervention to reduce adolescent depression. Further research is needed, including comparisons with other treatments. Trial Registration International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 16206254; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16206254

scholarly journals A biobehavioural approach to understand how mindfulness-based cognitive 4 therapy reduces dispositional negative self-bias in recurrent depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kirschner ◽  
Willem Kuyken ◽  
Anke Karl
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Self Bias

Negative self-bias is a detrimental vulnerability factor of recurrent depression. Here we examine the potential of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) to reduce this bias by assessing self-report and psychophysiological responses to a previously validated self-compassion exercise in individuals with recurrent depression. One group (n= 25) received eight sessions of MBCT between two assessments (2.5 – 3 months apart). The second group was an untreated control group (n = 25) tested at similar intervals.Our results indicate that, when the MBCT group engaged in the self-compassion exercise after MBCT, they showed reduced physiological arousal and enhanced parasympathetic activity whereas no changes were observed in the control group. Interestingly, self-reported state self-compassion after the exercise increased in both groups at both timepoints, but only in the MBCT group the overall levels of state and dispositional self-compassion were increased significantly. This suggests that MBCT reduces both strategic (self-report) and automatic (psychophysiological) negative self-bias.

scholarly journals An Inquiry into Self-Immolation as Social Protest

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-68
Author(s):  
Sandra Elaine Filippelli
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
The Self ◽  
Poetic Inquiry ◽  
Loving Kindness ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Lay People ◽  
The World ◽  
Greater Good ◽  
Self Immolation

This poetic inquiry paper is a reflection on the phenomenon of self-immolation committed as compassionate protest. Whether the self-directed social protest of Vietnamese monk, Thích Quảng Đức, and Tibetan monastics and lay people, expresses selfless, altruistic action, dedicated to the greater good, merits reflection. Individuals seeking social justice in today’s troubled times may be interested in cultivating ahimsa, or non-violence, within themselves before attempting to implement it within their communities. In brief, they should change themselves before they change the world. With self-compassion that broadens to loving kindness and compassion for all, they may try to understand those from whom they seek justice before they commit to action. This inquiry concludes with ekphrastic poetry, “interpreting, troubling and addressing” (poets.org) the Tibetan painting, “Wheel of Life,” a depiction of the Buddhist concept of the “three poisons,” ignorance, desire, and anger, and contemplates their antidotes.

scholarly journals Effects of Mindfulness-based Self-compassion and Attachment-based Therapy on Self-criticism and Mental Fatigue of Male Adolescents With Addiction Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Jamshid Shahbazi ◽  
◽  
Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee ◽  
Hossein Davodi ◽  
Hassan Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Fatigue ◽  
The Self ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The main cause of the tendency to drug abuse among adolescents and young people is the inability to control their emotions. Previous studies have revealed that as the two models of mindfulness-based self-compassion and attachment-based therapy increase self-acceptance and forgiveness in people, they can be useful for reducing the negative emotions. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the two models of mindfulness-based self-compassion and attachment-based therapy on the self-criticism and mental fatigue of male adolescents with addiction potential. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study. The research population included all high school students in Azna County in the academic year 2018-2019. The participants were selected through cluster sampling. Those with a score above 60 on the Addiction Preparation Scale were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group, each with 15 participants. The instruments used to collect the data were the Addiction Preparation Scale (Wade & Butcher, 1992), the Self-Criticism Questionnaire (Lewis, 1997), and the Psychological Fatigue Questionnaire (Crepe, 1989). The participants in the experimental groups underwent mindful self-compassion and attachment-oriented therapy for 8 and 6 sessions, respectively. The data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis Of Covariance (MANCOVA) and one-way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) by SPSS software V. 21. Results: The findings showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of self-criticism (P=0.001, F=10.21) and mental fatigue (P=0.001, F=5.74) in the post-test phase. The results showed that there was no significant difference between mindful self-compassion treatment and attachment-based therapy in terms of their effects on self-criticism (-0.92±0.71, P=0.20) and mental fatigue (-0.57±0.45, P=0.19) of the male adolescents vulnerable to addiction.  Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based self-compassion and attachment-based therapy are effective in reducing self-criticism and mental fatigue of male adolescents with the addiction potential. Accordingly, the models are suggested to be used by mental health professionals to help adolescents who are potential to addiction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document