The dynamics of ‘Moralized Markets’: a field perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Balsiger
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Market Practices ◽  
Field Perspective

Abstract This article describes the distinctive features and structural properties of ‘moralized markets’, that is, markets in which producers set higher moral standards than those governing conventional market practices, and consumers buy products that respect those higher moral standards. Starting from a critical discussion of existing theoretical conceptualizations in terms of conventionalization/co-optation, quality conventions and resource partitioning, this article conceptualizes moralized markets as fields where actors are in strategic interaction. Using illustrations from several empirical studies, it suggests that all moralized markets are composed of a plurality of actors whose understanding of and commitments to moral principles vary. It reveals the main dimensions of the field, characterizes typical positions, and identifies and describes the core strategies used in struggles around field boundaries and the issues of policing and regulation of field settlements. The article concludes by offering six propositions regarding different possible outcome scenarios for the dynamics of moralized market fields, highlighting the role of the state for the stabilization of field settlements.

scholarly journals Discussing The Foundations for Interpretivist Digital Government Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keegan McBride ◽  
Yuri Misnikov ◽  
Dirk Draheim
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
The Core ◽  
Philosophical Basis ◽  
Research Philosophy ◽  
Government Research ◽  
Research Domain

As the research domain of digital government continues to develop itself as an important body of scholarly research, and it continues to grow in terms of researchers, publications, research funding, and other related indicators, it is important to understand the core theoretical and philosophical basis of the discipline. However, there is currently a lack of critical discussion about the concrete role of research philosophy for digital government research; which is one of the biggest current criticisms against the domain. This paper makes a first step in addressing this criticism by presenting arguments and discussion in favor of the importance of an interpretivist research philosophy for the domain of digital government. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of an interpretivist ontology and epistemology for digital government, discusses relevant theories and methods, and concludes with an overview of what is essential for conducting and carrying out interpretivist digital government research. This paper’s contribution represents one of the first concentrated efforts to lay out some initial foundations for the role of interpretivism, and research philosophy more generally, for the field.

scholarly journals Samfundets trosbekendelse

Politik ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ove Korsgaard
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Democratic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
The Core ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Turn ◽  
Liberal Position

After World War II, there was broad consensus that schools in Denmark should educate for democracy. But there was no consensus on the role of the state: Should the state ensure that everyone receives a democratic education? Or should the state ensure pluralism, and remain neutral in relation to different life philosophies? Or must both the state and citizens develop a knowledgeable stance in relation to democracy’s fundamental dilemmas? It was without doubt the liberal position that became most influential in post-war Danish educational policy. The core of this strategy was that in a democracy the state should adopt a neutral stance towards the various philosophies of life. However, with the values-political turn of recent years the liberal position is now in retreat. This new trend became clear in 2000, with the then Minister of Education Margrethe Vestager’s manifesto Values in the Real World, in which she stressed that „Now more than ever we need to put in words just what attitudes and values we hold in common“. And the present government has focused on the same issue since 2001, and has commissioned among other things a literary canon, a cultural canon and a democracy canon. The activist values policies of recent years have once again given rise to a number of questions concerning democratic upbringing and the role of the state in efforts to strengthen society’s cohesiveness. 

scholarly journals The role of state in the banking industry: Evidence from Russia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Andrei Vernikov
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Public Banks ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the role of the state in the Russian banking industry. Statistical data illustrates the market share of public banks and its dynamics over the past 25 years. We show the impact of public banks on the lending to non-financial companies, and particularly longer-term lending. Empirical findings suggest that it terms of profitability and technical efficiency the core public banks are not necessarily worse than privately held institutions. Finally, the author compares the macro-level structure and the core institutions of the banking systems in China and Russia and suggests that these are typologically more similar than different.

Kant on Virtue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Cureton ◽  
Thomas E. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
Virtuous Life ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Way

Immanuel Kant defines virtue as a kind of strength and resoluteness of will to resist and overcome any obstacles that oppose fulfilling our moral duties. Human agents, according to Kant, owe it to themselves to strive for perfect virtue by fully committing to morality and by developing the fortitude to maintain and execute this life-governing policy, despite obstacles. This chapter reviews basic features of Kant’s conception of virtue and then discusses the role of emotions, a motive of duty, exemplars, rules, and community in a virtuous life. Kant thinks that striving to be more virtuous requires not only respect for moral principles and control of our contrary emotions, but also a system of legally enforced rules and communities of good persons. Exemplars and cultivated good feelings and emotions can be useful aids along the way, but Kant warns against attempting to derive one’s moral standards from examples or feelings.

scholarly journals (Mis)Reading Muslims and Multiculturalism

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kivisto
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Core ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Western European ◽  
Core Features

This paper offers a review and conceptual reflection on fears about the Muslim pres ence and lack of inclusion into Western European societies and the core features of criticisms of multiculturalism. It does so by first addressing the misreadings of Islam and multiculturalism in influential works by Christopher Caldwell and Paul Scheffer. It then addresses the main points of their critiques by examining the role of the state in Muslim incorporation, framing multicultur alism theoretically in terms of claims-making, and offering evidence of the ways in which Muslim claims-making has occurred.

Liberalisation of Financial Markets: The Developing Country Experience

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-290
Author(s):  
Ram Pratap Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Financial Fragility ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Financial Sector Reform ◽  
Market Liberalisation ◽  
The Impact

Tis article encompasses various aspects of financial market liberalisation including the historical evidences of market deregulation, empirical studies on the impact of such liberalisation on economic growth and development. The article also discusses the problem of financial fragility connected with financial sector reform and briefly reviews the theoretical underpinnings. Finally the article discusses the role of the state in mitigating the problems connected with financial sector liberalisation.

The Bargaining System and Performance

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1154-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANZ TRAXLER ◽  
BERNHARD KITTEL
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Collective Action Problems ◽  
Theoretical Reasoning ◽  
Hump Shape ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wage Coordination

Theoretical reasoning disagrees about what type of bargaining system performs best. The authors have tested the explanatory power of three competing hypotheses: neoliberalism, corporatism, and the hump-shape hypothesis. All of these hypotheses lack empirical support due to two main shortcomings. First, they ignore that wage restraint raises three distinct types of collective-action problems. Second, they do not consider qualitative differences among the national bargaining systems (particularly the role of the state) that do not allow analysis to construct such ordinal rankings of bargaining coordination as adopted by all previous empirical studies. Proceeding from a revised hypothesis and new measures of national bargaining systems, the authors have found a nonlinear relationship between the bargaining system and economic performance in a way that economy-wide wage coordination is superior only when the bargaining system is able to make local bargaining comply with coordination activities.

scholarly journals Capital Accumulation, the Role of the State and Human Rights in Argentina: Contributions for debates on economic and social right

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-743
Author(s):  
Mauro Cristeche
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Accumulation Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Labor Market Policies ◽  
Role Of The State

This work aims to contribute to the debate on the role of the State and the Economic and Social Rights in Argentina from the analysis of the capital accumulation process and the structural changes that have taken place in the country in recent decades. First, we define the work within the debates on the role of the State and economic and social rights. At the core of the work, we present our own contribution, based on our previous research and other authors’ works. First, we highlight some transformations on the capital accumulation process in Argentina. Then we analyze the role of the State through some of the most important social policies in the last years but we also add the consideration of some government’s regulatory, fiscal, monetary, and labor-market policies. Finally, we develop our interpretation about the role of the State on the fulfillment of economic and social rights in the last decades. Este trabajo pretende contribuir al debate sobre los derechos económicos y sociales y el rol del Estado en Argentina a partir del análisis del proceso de acumulación de capital y los cambios estructurales que han tenido lugar en el país en las últimas décadas. Al comienzo encuadramos el trabajo en los debates actuales sobre el papel del Estado y los derechos económicos y sociales, y luego presentamos nuestra contribución, basada en desarrollos propios y en trabajos de otros autores. Primero destacamos algunas transformaciones en el proceso de acumulación de capital en Argentina. Luego analizamos el papel del Estado a través de algunas de las políticas sociales más importantes de los últimos años, pero también consideramos otras políticas como las regulatorias, fiscales, monetarias y del mercado laboral. Finalmente, desarrollamos nuestra interpretación sobre el papel del Estado en la satisfacción de los derechos económicos y sociales en las últimas décadas.

scholarly journals The Captivating Vision of the “New Growth Strategy”: The Missing Political Economy Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
S. Akbar Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Free Enterprise ◽  
Planning Commission ◽  
The Core ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Government ◽  
Core Issues

One hears little about the Planning Commission’s Framework for Economic Growth launched a year ago. This is indicative of its inappropriateness and lack of consideration of Pakistan’s economy or its structures and political economy. The Framework avoids tackling the core issues of taxation, distribution, and equity. It privileges the market and free enterprise over the role of the state, and undermines and dismisses the significant role and contribution of the government and state in promoting growth, particularly at a time when market failure has made economists rethink the role of markets after 2008. By ignoring central issues related to politics and the articulation of power, and of issues that fall in the realm of political economy, the Planning Commission constructs a technicist script that has little value to the messy world of realpolitics.

scholarly journals The start-up state: Governing urbanised capitalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Moisio ◽  
Ugo Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Urban Economies ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Political Economies

This paper assesses the mutating role of the state in today’s flourishing technology hubs in major cities and metropolitan areas across the globe through a comparative lens. Conventional wisdom associates the contemporary phenomenon of high-tech urbanism with minimum state intervention. In public as well as in scholarly debates, technology-intensive urban economies are customarily portrayed as a phenomenon whose formative creativity and ethos stems from an essentially post-political nature. As these economies emerge, thanks to the cooperative dynamism of urban societies, political governments are considered merely as coordinators of inter-actor relationships, particularly as managers or orchestrators of innovative ‘business ecosystems’ and ‘platforms’. We, in turn, suggest that today’s emergence of technology-based economies in a selected circle of major cities and metropolitan areas is an inherently political phenomenon, as it is closely linked to what we call the strategic urbanisation of the state. Looking at the trajectories of Finland and Italy during the post-recession decade of the 2010s, we disclose the state-driven selective mobilisation of urban economies as a response to the low-growth present of national political economies. In doing so, we argue that the entrepreneurialisation of selected urban locations cannot be understood without considering the qualitatively transformed roles of the local and national states. The coming together of entrepreneurialist and urbanising state strategies disclose a shift towards a start-up state whose distinctive features differ qualitatively from those of both the investment-oriented late-Keynesian entrepreneurial state and the decentralised local economic governance envisaged by today’s city-innovation theorists.

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