scholarly journals Effect of Peat, Shade, and Seedling Size on Growth of Atlantic White Cedar Transplants

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
Layne K. Snelling ◽  
Gary L. Pierce ◽  
A. Mike Wicker
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Seedling Size ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
One Year

Abstract One-year-old seedlings of Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides [L.] B. S. P.) were grown for 1 yr in a transplant bed to determine the effects of factorial combinations of seedling size, shade, and peat amendments on nursery growth and subsequent first-year field performance. Growth in the nursery was improved by shade and peat. Resulting transplants, 0.4 to 0.7 m tall, were established in the field, using three site preparation treatments: none, roll and chop, and mounding. Survival and first-year height were similar for the three site preparation treatments. Small but significant residual effects of peat amendments and shade were still evident after one growing season in the field. Damage from deer and rabbits reduced total height by about 30% the first year. South. J. Appl. For. 16(1):5-10.

scholarly journals Fertilizing Containerized Atlantic White Cedar Seedlings

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Scott A. Derby ◽  
L. Eric Hinesley
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
First Year ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
P Content ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations

Abstract Containerized Atlantic white cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.] seedlings were fertilized with five rates (0.0, 2.4, 4.8, 7.2, and 9.6 kg/m3) (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 lb/yd3) of controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) [Osmocote 15N–4.0P–10.0K (15N–9P2O5–12K2O), 12–14 month southern formulation, with micros; and Polyon 18N–2.6P–10.0K (18N–6P2O5–12K2O), 9-month formulation, with micros]. Height, stem diameter, dry mass, and foliar nutrient concentrations were evaluated after 16 weeks. Growth was affected by fertilizer source and application rate, with no interaction. In general, the response to increasing fertilization was quadratic. Osmocote yielded larger plants than Polyon, probably owing to its higher P content. Osmocote (4.8 to 7.2 kg/m3) (8 to 12 lb/yd3) or Polyon (7.2 kg/m3) (12 lb/yd3) is suggested for container-grown seedlings the first year.

Allozyme frequencies in New Jersey and North Carolina populations of Atlantic white-cedar, Chamaecyparis thyoides (Cupressaceae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 1536-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Kuser ◽  
Thomas R. Meagher ◽  
Deborah L. Sheely ◽  
Adam White
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar

scholarly journals Budset and Growth of Eastern White Pine Following Application of 6-Benzylaminopurine to Seedlings Fertilized with Different Levels of Nitrogen

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
Robert D. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
First Year ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Eastern White Pine ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
Different Levels

Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) were potted and solution fed once weekly during 2 growing seasons with 5 levels of N in the irrigation water: 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm. Leaders were treated with 750 ppm 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) in late June of the first year. The higher N levels resulted in greater stem diameter, greater foliage dry weight, longer and heavier needle fascicles, better foliage color, greater budset after application of BA, and more and longer branches on the BA-treated leader the second growing season. BA should be applied to trees with N concentration ≥ 1.5% in one-year-old foliage.

scholarly journals Rooting Stem Cuttings of Atlantic White Cedar Outdoors in Containers

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Eric Hinesley ◽  
Layne K. Snelling
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Proximal Segment ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
Rooting Media ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stem Segments

Stem cuttings of Atlantic white cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.] were collected in early June 1995, divided into two parts (distal tip and proximal segment), and rooted for 12 weeks in shaded containers outdoors. Total rooting was near 80%. Mist intervals of 8 and 15 min yielded the best rooting percentages and the least dieback and injury. Two rooting media were tested, with similar results. Rooting was slightly higher in Spencer-Lemaire Rootrainers (Hillson size), compared to RoPak Multi-pots (#45). More than 90% of the tips rooted, even without IBA treatment. Auxin improved rooting of stem segments, but the difference between IBA at 1.5 and 3.0 g·L-1 was small. Yield of cuttings suitable for transplanting or potting was 80% for tips, 58% for segments. Dividing stem cuttings into two or more parts allows multiplication of rooted propagules from a collection. Chemical name used: 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Seed Germination of Selected Provenances of Atlantic White-Cedar as Influenced by Stratification, Temperature, and Light

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura G. Jull ◽  
Frank A. Blazich
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
The North ◽  
New London

Seeds of six provenances (Escambia Co., Ala.; Santa Rosa Co., Fla.; Wayne Co., N.C.; Burlington Co., N.J.; New London Co., Conn.; and Barnstable Co., Mass.) of Atlantic white-cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.] were stratified (moist-prechilled) for 0, 30, 60, or 90 days at 4 °C. Following stratification, seeds were germinated at 25 °C or an 8/16-hour thermoperiod of 30/20 °C with daily photoperiods at each temperature of 0 (total darkness), 1, or 24 hours. The germination of nonstratified seed did not exceed 18%. Seeds germinated at 25 °C required 60 to 90 days stratification to maximize germination. In contrast, 30 days stratification maximized germination at 30/20 °C. Regardless of stratification duration, germination was generally lower at 25 °C than at 30/20 °C for each provenance. Averaged over all treatments, seeds of the Alabama provenance exhibited the greatest germination (61%), followed by those from Florida (45%), with the remaining provenances ranging from 20% to 38%. However, specific treatments for each provenance induced germination >50%. Germination of seeds not exposed to light was <8%, in contrast with 48% and 55% germination for daily photoperiods of 1 and 24 hours, respectively. Seeds from each of the provenances, except for Alabama, exhibited an obligate light requirement when germinated at 25 °C. At 30/20 °C, the North Carolina, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massachusetts provenances required light for germination, whereas the Alabama and Florida provenances did not.

Heat Tolerance of Selected Provenances of Atlantic White Cedar

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 511e-512
Author(s):  
Laura G. Jull ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
The North ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Plastic Containers

Uniform seedlings of six provenances (Escambia Co., Ala.; Santa Rosa Co., Fla.; Wayne Co., N.C.; Burlington Co., N.J.; New London Co., Conn.; and Barnstable Co., Mass.) of Atlantic white cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B. S. P.], were transplanted in Apr. 1997 into 0.95-L plastic containers with a medium of 1 peat: 1 perlite: 1 vermiculite (v/v). Plants were acclimatized at 26/22 °C under a 16-hr photoperiod for 2 weeks before treatment initiation. Fourteen seedlings per provenance were then transferred to each of five growth chambers maintained at 16/8 hr thermoperiods of 22/18 °C, 26/22 °C, 30/26 °C, 34/30 °C, or 38 /34 °C with a 16-hr photoperiod of 550–600 μmolμm–2μs–1. Seedlings were arranged in a split-plot design with a 5 × 6 factorial arrangement of treatments (5 temperatures × 6 provenances). Plants were harvested 12 weeks after treatment initiation and data recorded. Temperature had a significant effect on overall growth with responses to temperature varying according to provenance. There was a highly significant (P ≤ 0.0001) temperature × provenance interaction for height, stem caliper (measured below the lowest leaf), and foliar, stem, root, and shoot (foliar dry weight + stem dry weight) dry weights. Top and root dry weights were maximized for the northern provenances (Connecticut and Massachusetts) at 22/18 °C. At 26/22 °C and 30/26 °C, the northern provenances (Connecticut and Massachusetts) had the lowest top and root dry weights. However, the southern provenances (Alabama, Florida, and North Carolina) had the greatest top dry weights at 26/22 °C. At 30/26 °C, the southern provenances (Alabama and Florida) and the New Jersey provenance had the greatest top dry weights but they were not significantly different from 26/22 °C. Root dry weights were not significantly different between 26/22 °C and 30/26 °C for the Alabama and New Jersey provenances, but were significantly different for the North Carolina and Florida provenances. Regardless of provenance, dramatic reductions occurred for all growth measurements when temperatures exceeded 30/26 °C. For top and root dry weights, there were no significant differences among the six provenances at 34/30 °C and 38/34 °C. All plants at the highest temperatures of 38/34 °C did not survive by week 8.

scholarly journals Seedling Growth of Atlantic White-Cedar as Influenced by Photoperiod and Day/Night Temperature

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Laura G. Jull ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
L. Eric Hinesley
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Total Plant

Abstract Seedlings of Atlantic white-cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B. S. P.] were grown in controlled-environment chambers for 12 weeks under short-or long-day conditions with 9-hr days at 18, 22, 26 or 30C (64, 72, 79 or 86F) in factorial combination with 15-hr nights at 14, 18, 22 or 26C (57, 64, 72 or 79F). Dry matter production was influenced by photoperiod and day/night temperature. For all day temperature × photoperiod interactions, except root:shoot ratio, growth was highest under long days. Day × night temperature interactions occurred for all growth measurements except root dry weight. Root dry weight was highest at 30/22C (86/72F); top (shoot) dry weight at 26/22C (79/72F). Nights of 14C (57F) resulted in the lowest top dry weight. Total plant dry weight was highest at nights of 22C (72F) for all day temperatures. At days of 30C (86F), total plant dry weight was highest with nights ≤ 22C (72F); however, data for 30/22C (86/72F) and 26/22C (79/72F) were similar. The highest root: shoot ratio occurred at nights of 14C (57F) with days ≤ 26C (79F). Mean relative growth rate was highest at nights of 22C (72F) with days of 26C (79F) or 30C (86F). Maximum stem caliper occurred at days of 22C (72F) with nights ≥ 18C (64F). Height and crown width were highest at 26/22C (79/72F). A day/night cycle of 30/22C (86/72F) with long days was optimal for seedling growth.

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