scholarly journals Sleep and mental health in athletes during COVID-19 lockdown

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise R Facer-Childs ◽  
Daniel Hoffman ◽  
Jennie N Tran ◽  
Sean P A Drummond ◽  
Shantha M W Rajaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Optimal Recovery ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Australian Football

Abstract The global coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated lockdown restrictions resulted in the majority of sports competitions around the world being put on hold. This includes the National Basketball Association, the UEFA Champions League, Australian Football League, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, and regional competitions. The mitigation strategies in place to control the pandemic have caused disruption to daily schedules, working environments, and lifestyle factors. Athletes rely on regular access to training facilities, practitioners, and coaches to maintain physical and mental health to achieve maximal performance and optimal recovery. Furthermore, participation in sport at any level increases social engagement and promotes better mental health. It is, therefore, critical to understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures have affected the lives of athletes. We surveyed elite and sub-elite athletes (n = 565) across multiple sports. Significant disruptions were reported for all lifestyle factors including social interactions, physical activity, sleep patterns, and mental health. We found a significant increase in total sleep time and sleep latency, as well as a delay in mid-sleep times and a decrease in social jetlag. Training frequency and duration significantly decreased. Importantly, the changes to training and sleep-related factors were associated with mental health outcomes. With spikes in COVID-19 cases rising around the world and governments reinstituting lockdowns (e.g. United Kingdom; Melbourne, Australia; California, USA) these results will inform messaging and strategies to better manage sleep and mental health in a population for whom optimal performance is critical.

scholarly journals Greater lifestyle engagement is associated with better cognitive resilience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesa Sophia Borgeest ◽  
Richard Henson ◽  
Meredith Shafto ◽  
David Samu ◽  
Cam-CAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Intellectual Engagement ◽  
Age Related

AbstractPrevious evidence suggests that modifiable lifestyle factors, such as engagement in leisure activities, might slow the age-related decline of cognitive functions. Less is known, however, about which aspects of lifestyle might be particularly beneficial to healthy cognitive ageing, and whether they are associated with distinct cognitive domains (e.g. fluid and crystallized abilities) differentially. We investigated these questions in the cross-sectional Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) data (N=708, age 18-88), using data-driven exploratory structural equation modelling, confirmatory factor analyses, and age-residualized measures of cognitive differences across the lifespan. Specifically, we assessed the relative associations of the following five lifestyle factors on age-related differences of fluid and crystallized resilience: education/SES, physical health, mental health, social engagement, and intellectual engagement. We found that higher education, better physical and mental health, more social engagement and a greater degree of intellectual engagement were each individually correlated with better fluid and crystallized cognitive resilience. A joint path model of all lifestyle factors on crystallized and fluid resilience, which allowed a simultaneous assessment of the lifestyle domains, showed that physical health, social and intellectual engagement and education/SES explained unique, complementary variance, but mental health did not make significant contributions above and beyond the other four lifestyle factors and age. The total variance explained for fluid resilience was 14% and 16% for crystallized resilience. Our results are compatible with the hypothesis that intellectually and physically challenging as well as socially engaging activities are associated with better crystallized and fluid performance across the lifespan.  Research Highlights 1.Higher education/SES, better physical and mental health, more social engagement and a greater degree of intellectual engagement are all individually associated with better cognitive health across the lifespan. 2.When all five lifestyle factors were assessed simultaneously, we found that physical health and social as well as intellectual engagement are independently associated with individual differences in cognitive health, above and beyond the effect of education/SES. Mental health makes no additional independent contributions. 3.Education/SES, physical health, intellectual engagement and social engagement show similar patterns with crystallized and fluid cognitive resilience, suggesting that the associations between lifestyle engagement and cognition are global rather than cognitive-domain specific. 4.Age-corrected residuals as a proxy of cognitive health across the lifespan may be a useful tool for future cross-sectional studies comparing different age groups.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Exercise and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjun Nie ◽  
Yuanyan Ma ◽  
Yankong Wu ◽  
Jiahui Li ◽  
Ting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Burden

The COVID-19 has undergone several mutations, and caused deleterious effects on physical and mental health of people worldwide. Whilst physical exercise is known for its positive effect on enhancing immunity and reducing the negative consequences of unhealthy emotional states caused by the pandemic; there is a severe lack of psychological exercise intervention measures and mitigation strategies to advance the knowledge and role of physical exercise to improve mental health in most countries. This study surveyed the association between physical exercise and mental health burden during the COVID-19 outbreak in China to better understand the influence of different physical exercise types on reducing mental health burden during the pandemic. ANOVA, binary logistic regression, the chi-square test, and Spearman's correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. 14,715 participants were included. The results showed that Chinese residents had several poor mental health conditions during the COVID-19 outbreak. And there was a significant positive correlation between the extent of adverse effects on mental health and provincial proportions of confirmed COVID-19 cases (r = 0.365, p < 0.05). Some main factors caused an unhealthy psychological status, including epidemic severity (62.77%, 95% CI 58.62-65.64%), prolonged home quarantine (60.84%, 95% CI 58.15-63.25%), spread of large amounts of negative information about COVID-19 in the media (50.78%, 95% CI 47.46-53.15%), limitations in daily life and social interaction (45.93%, 95%CI 42.46-47.55%), concerns about students' learning (43.13%, 95% CI 40.26-45.48%), and worries about being infected (41.13%, 95% CI 39.16-45.23%). There was a significant association between physical exercise and mental health. The largest associations were seen for home-based group entertainment exercise (i.e., family games, rope skipping, and badminton), Chinese traditional sports (i.e., Chinese martial arts, Taijiquan and Qigong), and popular sports (i.e., yoga, video dancing, sensory-motor games, and whole-body vibration), as well as durations of 30-60 min per session, frequencies of three to five times per week and a total of 120-270 min of moderate-intensity exercise weekly during the COVID-19 outbreak (p < 0.05).

Psychosocial Impacts of COVID-19 among University Students in Uruguay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianna Loose ◽  
Alejandro Vásquez-Echeverría
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The novel coronavirus has taken a catastrophic toll worldwide on physical and mental health. We focused on the psychosocial impact among students in Uruguay, a country relatively protected from the pandemic. Our study had three main aims : 1) describe in detail the impact among university students, 2) identify relationships between different dimensions and 3) highlight the factors determinant of mental distress. We designed a multi-dimensional questionnaire to investigate the perceived impact on the lives of students. The questionnaire was administered to 144 undergraduates in Uruguay online while the university was closed. 38-66% of students indicated increases in signs of anxiety, depression or sleep disturbances. Independently of other related factors, increases in substance use, impairments in social relationships, negative impacts of school closures, and personal economic worries explained 41% of variance in psychological distress. Findings are discussed in terms of policies for public health and future directions for research on mental health.

scholarly journals 0193 Sleep Health Across Religions: A Consideration of Bidirectional Processes

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A76-A76
Author(s):  
K Fergason ◽  
W Rowatt ◽  
M K Scullin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Causal Direction ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction The psychology of religion literature indicates that religious engagement is beneficial to physical and mental health. Such effects might be mediated by sleep health, which causally affects mood, cognitive, and immune functioning. However, few studies have investigated whether religiosity is associated with better sleep, and no studies have considered the reverse causal direction: better sleep may impact religious behaviors or perceptions. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of 1,501 participants in Wave 5 of the Baylor Religion Survey (BRS-5). Completed in Spring 2017, the BRS-5 used Address Based Sample methodology to derive a population-based sample. The survey included questions on religious affiliation, behaviors, and perceptions (e.g., certainty of Heaven). Additionally, participants rated their difficulty falling asleep and their average total sleep time. We investigated whether participants were meeting AASM/SRS consensus guidelines of 7–9 hours/night. Results Religious affiliation was associated with sleep duration, but not in the predicted direction. Atheists/Agnostics (73%) were significantly more likely to report meeting consensus sleep duration guidelines than religiously-affiliated individuals (65%), p<.05. For example, Atheists/Agnostics reported better sleep duration than Catholics (63%, p<.01) and Baptists (55%, p<.001). Atheists/Agnostics also reported less difficulty falling asleep at night than Catholics (p=.02) and Baptists (p<.001). The effects persisted when controlling for age and were particularly evident in members of African American congregations. Perceptions of getting into Heaven were significantly higher in participants who obtained better sleep duration, p<.05, but interestingly, such beliefs/perceptions were unrelated to difficulty falling asleep at night, suggesting that better sleep may lead to these perceptions rather than vice versa. Conclusion In contrast to predictions, religious affiliation was associated with significantly poorer sleep health. Poor sleep health has implications for physical and mental health, and seemingly also religious perceptions/beliefs. Future experimental work is required to disentangle the causal direction of sleep-religiosity associations. Support The Baylor Religion Survey was supported by the John Templeton Foundation.

Some Characteristics of Employees as Risk Factors for Presenteeism

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-55
Author(s):  
Petra Mlakar ◽  
Janez Stare
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Job Security ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sickness Absenteeism ◽  
The World ◽  
Employee Characteristics ◽  
Absence From Work ◽  
The Impact

Presenteeism, or the act of attending work while sick or despite feeling unwell, is a relatively new concept in the sphere of work. It is a phenomenon that has begun to be monitored more intensively around the world in the last decade. Presenteeism can affect an employee’s work in various ways and its consequences mean that it is already a problem in itself. Employers devote too little attention to it or are frequently not even aware of it. The majority of employers are in fact too often focused on the growing problem of absence from work because of sickness (absenteeism) and on eliminating the negative consequences of absenteeism, and do not (yet) see presenteeism as a problem. The research presented in this article deals with the question of the impact of employee characteristics on the phenomenon of presenteeism. The characteristics considered included ambition, financial worries, job security, sick leave and the physical and mental health of employees.

scholarly journals Responding to challenges for people with psychotic illness: Updated evidence from the Survey of High Impact Psychosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera A Morgan ◽  
Anna Waterreus ◽  
Vaughan Carr ◽  
David Castle ◽  
Martin Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
High Impact ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Violent Victimisation

Objective: The objective is to summarise recent findings from the 2010 Australian Survey of High Impact Psychosis (SHIP) and examine their implications for future policy and planning to improve mental health, physical health and other circumstances of people with a psychotic disorder. Methods: Survey of High Impact Psychosis collected nationally representative data on 1825 people with psychotic illness. Over 60 papers have been published covering key challenges reported by participants: financial problems, loneliness and social isolation, unemployment, poor physical health, uncontrolled symptoms of mental illness, and lack of stable, suitable housing. Findings are summarised under the rubric of participant-ranked top challenges. Results: The main income source for the majority (85%) of participants was a government benefit. Only one-third was employed, and the most appropriate employment services for this group were under-utilised. High rates of loneliness and social isolation impacted mental and physical health. The rate of cardiometabolic disease was well above the general population rate, and associated risk factors were present from a very young age. Childhood abuse (30.6%), adult violent victimisation (16.4%) and alcohol and substance abuse/dependence (lifetime rates of 50.5% and 54.5%, respectively) complicated the clinical profile. Treatment with medication was suboptimal, with physical health conditions undertreated, a high rate of psychotropic polypharmacy and underutilisation of clozapine in chronic persistent psychotic illness. Only 38.6% received evidence-based psychosocial therapies. In the previous year, 27.4% had changed housing and 12.8% had been homeless, on average for 155 days. Conclusion: Money, social engagement and employment are the most important challenges for people with psychotic illness, as well as good physical and mental health. An integrated approach to recovery is needed to optimise service delivery and augment evidence-based clinical practice with measures to improve physical health and social circumstances. Meeting these challenges has the potential to reduce costs to government and society, as well as promote recovery.

scholarly journals The use of different models of physical exercises performed at home during the COVID-19 pandemic:

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
At Home

According to the World Health Organization, even during the quarantine of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary for people to remain active in order to minimize the damage to physical and mental health caused by social isolation. However, not all models of physical training that have been seen during these past few days are beneficial to all individuals who perform them. Therefore, the purpose of this communication is to analyze the positive and negative points of the main models of physical exercises used in training done at home, seeking to corroborate with better proposals that are more effective for the performers.

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