Stress, pain, and work affiliation are strongly associated with health-related quality of life in parents of 14–15-year-old adolescents

Background For many adults, their role as a parent is a vital part of their lives. This role is likely to be associated with a parent’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to explore the associations between gender, demographic and psychosocial variables, pain, and HRQOL in parents of 14–15-year-old adolescents. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that included 561 parents. Data on demographic, psychosocial variables and pain were collected using validated instruments. HRQOL was assessed using the RAND-36. Data were analysed using univariate and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses. Results Four hundred and thirty-six (78%) mothers and 125 (22%) fathers with a mean age of 45 (SD = 5) years were included. Eighty-one per cent were married/cohabiting, 74% worked full time, and 50% had university education of more than 4 years. Almost one-third reported daily or weekly pain, and more than half (58%) reported using pain analgesics during the previous 4 weeks. Mothers reported significantly lower scores on self-efficacy, self-esteem and for all RAND-36 domains, including the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) and experienced greater stress than fathers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that working part-time (beta = 0.40) or full time (beta = 0.52) (reference: not working) had the strongest positive effect on PCS. Absence from work for > 10 days (beta = −0.24) (reference: no absence), short-term pain (beta = −0.14), chronic pain (beta = −0.37) (reference: no pain), and stress (beta = −0.10) had the strongest negative effects on PCS. High self-esteem (beta = 0.11) had the strongest positive effect, whereas stress (beta = −0.58) and absence from work for > 10 days (beta = −0.11) (reference: no absence) had the strongest negative effects on MCS. Conclusion Mothers reported significantly lower scores on self-efficacy, self-esteem, and HRQOL, and experienced greater stress than the fathers. A high proportion of parents reported pain. Pain, stress, and low work affiliation were strongly associated with decreased HRQOL in parents. We recommend that parents of adolescents should be provided guidance about coping with pain and stress, and facilitation of a strong work affiliation because these seem to be important to parents’ HRQOL.

Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma Klasifikasi Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), dan Random Forest untuk Prediksi Ketidakhadiran di Tempat Kerja

Absence is a problem for the company. Absenteeism is defined as a task that is assigned to an individual, but the individual cannot complete the task when he is not present. Absence from work is influenced by many factors, including mismatched working hours, job demand and other factors such as serious accidents / illness, low morale, poor working conditions, boredom, lack of supervision, personal problems, insufficient nutrition, transportation problems, stress, workload, and dissatisfaction. The purpose of this study is to predict absenteeism at work based on the Absenteeism at work dataset obtained from the UCI Machine Learning repository site using the Weka 3.8 application and the Naïve Bayes algorithm, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest. In the results of the study, the Random Forest algorithm obtained the highest accuracy, precision, and recall values compared to the Naïve Bayes and SVM algorithms, which resulted in an accuracy value of 99.38%, 99.42% precision and a recall of 99.39%.

The Correlation between Clinical and Demographic Parameters and Sickness Absence in Diabetic Employees

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most significant and prevalent chronic diseases. Individuals with diabetes can still encounter substantial difficulties in finding and keeping their job because of their condition. The purpose of this study was to examine the scope of diabetes-related absence from work and its relationship with variables such as type of employer, workload, the severity of illness, and type of treatment. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study, including 220 diabetic patients and 230 controls. Information regarding absence from work was obtained by reviewing medical records, and general patient information was retrieved by conducting telephone interviews. Results: Patients with diabetes had, annually, more days of absence than non-diabetic patients (8.5 vs. 2.7, respectively p and lt; 0.001). Among diabetic patients, public-sector employees were absent more than private-sector employees (9.0 vs. 7.2 days, respectively, p and lt; 0.05). A positive correlation was found between workload (measured by stamina) and absence (Pearson correlation = 0.098, p = 0.04). Concerning the clinical variables, we found that employees suffering from diabetic complications exhibited higher absence rates (15.5 vs. 5.7 days, respectively, p and lt; 0.003). Parameters like HbA1c levels, patient age, disease duration, and type of treatment did not differ significantly amongst the groups with regards to absence rates. Conclusions: The main variables affecting absence from work were not medical but rather sociodemographic: education, workload, and type of employer. The results of this study reinforce the perception that well-controlled diabetic employees can be combined in most types of occupations without fear of increased absence from work.

The Cost of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder in Swedish Youth

The economic impact of pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) on society is unknown. We compared a wide range of individual-level cost data of children 7–17 years with OCD (n = 152) with a control group from the general population in Sweden (n = 768). The total annual cost in the OCD group was M = 11941€ (95%CI [9915–13966]), compared to the control group M = 6380 € (95%CI [5461–7299]), corresponding to an estimated marginal mean cost of OCD of 5560 € per person and year (z = 4.99, p < .001). OCD was associated with significantly higher healthcare costs, parental absence from work and school productivity loss. OCD symptom severity was positively associated with higher costs. The total societal burden of pediatric OCD in Sweden was estimated to be 94.3 € million per year (95%CI [56.9–131.8]). These results have important implications for policy makers and for the allocation of healthcare resources. Similar studies are needed in other countries in order to estimate the global cost of the disorder.

Stress, Pain, and Work Affiliation Are Strongly Associated With Health-related Quality of Life in Parents of 14–15-year-old Adolescents

BackgroundFor many adults, their role as a parent is a vital part of their lives. This role is likely to be associated with a parent’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to explore the associations between gender, demographic and psychosocial variables, and HRQOL pain in parents of 14–15-year-old adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that included 561 parents. Data on demographic, psychosocial variables and pain were collected using validated instruments. HRQOL was assessed using the RAND-36. Data were analysed using univariate and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses.ResultsFour hundred and thirty-six (78%) mothers and 125 (22%) fathers with a mean age of 45 (SD = 5) years were included. Eighty-one per cent were married/cohabiting, 74% worked full time, and 50% had university education of more than 4 years. Almost one-third reported daily or weekly pain, and more than half (58%) reported using pain analgesics during the previous 4 weeks. Mothers reported significantly lower scores on self-efficacy, self-esteem and for all RAND-36 domains, including the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) and experienced greater stress than fathers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that working part-time (beta = 0.40) or full time (beta = 0.52) (reference: not working) had the strongest positive effect on PCS. Absence from work for >10 days (beta = –0.24) (reference: no absence), short-term pain (beta = –0.14), chronic pain (beta = –0.37) (reference: no pain), and stress (beta= –0.10) had the strongest negative effects on PCS. High self-esteem (beta = 0.11) had the strongest positive effect, whereas stress (beta = –0.58) and absence from work for >10 days (beta = –0.11) (reference: no absence) had the strongest negative effects on MCS.ConclusionMothers reported significantly lower scores on self-efficacy, self-esteem, and HRQOL, and experienced greater stress than the fathers. A high proportion of parents reported pain. Pain, stress, and low work affiliation were strongly associated with decreased HRQOL in parents. We recommend that parents of adolescents should be provided guidance about coping with pain and stress, and facilitation of a strong work affiliation because these seem to be important to parents’ HRQOL.

The prevalence, seriousness, and causes of teenage work accidents: A gender difference?

BACKGROUND: Teenage workers are prone to a higher injury risk than adult workers, and adult men are prone to a higher risk of work injuries than adult women. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine whether gender differences exist in teenage work accidents, the level of the accidents, their causes, and the types of the injuries. METHODS: A survey was sent to a sample of 2,800 13–19-year-olds, randomly selected from Registers Iceland. The response rate was 48.6%. A chi-square test, CI 95%, was applied to measure gender differences. RESULTS: In total, 16.3%of the respondents had at least one work accident, and 1.2%, an accident that lead to more than one week’s absence from work. No gender differences were observed in the level of the accidents, but appeared in the types of injuries and their causes. Cuts were the most common injuries of the boys, but burns of the girls. Bone fractures were the most serious injuries of the boys, but sprains of the girls. CONCLUSION: Work accidents among teenagers are a particular threat to public health. Therefore, all stakeholders need to work together to prevent teenage work accidents in the future; and to keep in mind the gender diversity of the group.

Foot Disorders in Nursing Standing Environments: A Scoping Review Protocol

Musculoskeletal disorders can be significantly disabling, particularly those related to work, when the underlying mechanisms and clinical variables are not well known and understood. Nurses usually remain in standing positions or walk for long periods, thus increasing the risk for the development of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly on the foot, such as plantar fasciitis or edema. This type of disorders is a major cause of sickness, absence from work, and also dropout ratios among nursing students, which contributes to the shortage of nursing professionals. This review will address foot disorders that arise from prolonged standing in nursing professionals and describe the main clinical parameters characterizing them, with exclusions for other health professions or disorders with other identified causes. English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish published studies from 1970 to the current year will be considered. The review will follow the JBI methodology, mainly though the PCC mnemonic, and the reporting guidelines for Scoping Reviews. The search will include main databases and relevant scientific repositories. Two independent reviewers will analyze the titles, abstracts, and full texts. A tool developed by the research team will aid in the data collection.

Skipping the doctor: evidence from a case with extended self-certification of paid sick leave

This paper examines the impact of a policy reform in a municipality in Norway that extended to workers the right to self-certify sickness absence from work. After the reform, workers were no longer obliged to obtain a certificate from a physician to receive sickness benefits. They could call in sick directly to their line leader and had to engage in a counselling program organized by the employer. To estimate the effect of this reform, we contrast the change in sickness absence among employees who were granted the extended right to self-certify absence with absence among employees who had to obtain a physician’s certificate to be entitled to sickness benefits. We use both a standard difference-in-differences method and the synthetic control method to estimate the effect of the reform. We can rule out large positive effects on absence after the reform, with strong evidence that the policy change actually resulted in a reduction in absence for female workers.

Bacterial cellulose an effective material in the treatment of chronic venous ulcers of the lower limbs

Chronic venous ulcers (CVU) of the lower limbs (LL) are common and cause psychological changes and significant social impact, as they make the patient susceptible to pain, absence from work and social bonds. Some materials are suggested as dressings for the treatment of CVU, but they are expensive and are generally not available for use in public health services. To evaluate the efficacy of the treatment for lower limbs (LL) chronic venous ulcer (CVU) using bacterial cellulose (BC), gel and multi-perforated film associated. A randomized controlled clinical-intervention study was performed among participants with LL CVU, divided into two groups: experimental (EG), treated with BC wound dressing and control (CG), treated with a cellulose acetate mesh impregnated with essential fatty acids (Rayon®). The participants were followed for 180 days, evaluated according to the MEASURE methodology. Thirty-nine patients were treated, 20 from the EG and 19 from the CG. In both groups, the wound area decreased significantly (p < 0.001), the healing rate was similar to the CG. The mean number of dressing changes in the SG was 18.33 ± 11.78, while in the CG it was 55.24 ± 25.81, p < 0.001. The healing dressing of bacterial cellulose, gel and associated film, when stimulating the epithelization of the lesions, showed a significant reduction in the initial area, with a percentage of cure similar to the Rayon® coverage. In addition to requiring less direct manipulation of ulcers.

Câncer de Pele em Pescadores: Evidências Científicas para o Cuidado em Saúde

O câncer se constitui, atualmente, como uma das patologias mais prevalentes em todo o mundo, destacando-se o câncer de pele. Na realidade brasileira, o número de casos novos de câncer de pele do tipo não melanoma para cada ano do triênio 2020-2022, será de 83.770 casos em homens e de 93.160 em mulheres, correspondendo a um risco estimado de 80,12 casos novos a cada 100 mil homens e 86,65 casos novos a cada 100 mil mulheres. Objetiva-se por meio deste estudo revisar a literatura a respeito do câncer de pele em pescadores. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa ocorrida entre os meses de Agosto a Dezembro de 2020, utilizando-se as bases de dados Scielo, BDENF, Medline e Lilacs, com total de 05 estudos selecionados. Como palavras-chave foram eleitos “Câncer de Pele”, “Pesca”, “Promoção de Saúde”. Constata-se a preponderância da influência dos fatores ocupacionais para o adoecimento, visto que determinadas profissões expõem seus trabalhadores à radiação solar sem fatores de proteção, convertendo-os em mais sensíveis à essa problemática. Os pescadores, por seu labor diário, bem como por suas características sociodemográficas, organizacionais e culturais, tornam-se mais susceptíveis ao risco de desenvolver este tipo de neoplasia. Esta patologia apresenta taxa de morbimortalidade considerável, além de causar afastamento do trabalho, causando déficits na economia familiar. Outrossim, sabe-se que a doença é passível de prevenção, sobretudo com utilização de medidas simples e acessíveis. Palavras-Chave: Pesca. Câncer de Pele. Cuidados preventivos. Promoção da Saúde. Abstract Cancer is currently one of the most prevalent pathologies worldwide, with skin cancer standing out among these. In the Brazilian reality, the number of new cases of non-melanoma skin cancer expected, for each year of the 2020-2022 triennium, will be 83,770 cases in men and 93,160 in women, corresponding to an estimated risk of 80.12 cases new per 100,000 men and 86.65 new cases per 100,000 women. The objective of this study is to review the literature on skin cancer in fishermen. This is an integrative review that took place between August and December 2020, using the databases Scielo, BDENF, Medline and Lilacs, with a total of 05 selected studies. As keywords, “Skin Cancer”, “Fishing”, “Health Promotion” were chosen. There is a preponderance of the influence of occupational factors for illness, since certain professions expose their workers to solar radiation without protective factors, making them more sensitive to this problem. Fishermen, due to their daily work, as well as their sociodemographic, organizational and cultural characteristics, become more susceptible to the risk of developing this type of neoplasia. This pathology has a considerable morbidity and mortality rate, in addition to causing absence from work, causing deficits in the family economy. Furthermore, it is known that the disease is preventable, especially with the use of simple and accessible measures. Keywords: Fishermen. Skin Cancer. Preventive Health Care. Health Promotion.