scholarly journals 215 Sleep duration, quality and timing during confinement amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A86-A86
Author(s):  
Marc Kaizi-Lutu ◽  
David Dinges ◽  
Makayla Cordoza ◽  
Christopher Jones ◽  
Ami Mange
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Sleep Amount

Abstract Introduction As of March 2020, most U.S. states and territories issued statements advising people “stay at home” to avoid spreading the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). This resulted in an unprecedented number of people practicing physical confinement and social distancing. This study examined self-reported changes in sleep duration, quality and timing in response to confinement and isolation. Methods We developed the “Anonymous Survey on Confinement during the COVID-19 Pandemic” to collect information on the American population practicing social distancing and some level of confinement. The survey collected information on demographics, duration and degree of confinement, and sleep-wake dynamics. The online survey was available for completion by any individual ≥18 years of age through the Penn Medicine Clinical Research page from May 16th to November 11th 2020. Descriptive statistics characterized the nature of confinement and non-parametric correlations evaluated the relationships between confinement and sleep-wake dynamics. Results N=226 participants completed the survey (n=176 female [77.8%]; n=47 male [20.8%]). The average age was 44.9±17.4 years. N=215[95.1%] reported confinement since March 2020 for an average of 89.3±41.7 days in confinement. Surveyed participants in confinement reported sleeping more than before confinement [40.0%], taking the same amount of time to fall asleep [56.6%], and felt that they were getting enough sleep [66.3%]. However, 36.3% of participants reported going to bed earlier and waking up earlier. Participants that engaged in naps prior to confinement reported taking more naps in confinement [50.8%]. Participants reported more daytime sleepiness [42.9%] and more disturbed sleep quality during confinement relative to before confinement [42.5%]. There were no significant correlations between time in confinement and sleep outcomes. Conclusion During the confinement amid the COVID-19 pandemic, participants responded by sleeping more and at different times, which could reflect circadian disruption of sleep. Changes in sleep amount and sleeping timing were accompanied by increased daytime sleepiness and a reduction in sleep quality. These changes may have been due to age, stressors experienced during the pandemic, social isolation, and/or a change in behavioral routines in response to changing demands and schedules. Our findings suggest that attention to changes in sleep-wake dynamics due to prolonged confinement is likely important to maintain healthy behaviors. Support (if any):

Effects of Quarantine Due to the COVID-19 on Sleep Duration and Quality in Algerians

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-193
Author(s):  
Kacem Abdelhadi ◽  
Houar Abdelatif ◽  
Zerf Mohamed ◽  
Bengoua Ali
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Sleep Timing ◽  
Algerian Population ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Impact

SummaryThis study tests the impact of COVID-19 on sleep of Algerian population before and during the COVID-19 quarantine by an estimated online survey, adapted from the PSQI Italian version. Including 1210 participants (age between 18-60 years old). The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 22.0 software. Our results showed a significant change in sleeping quality during quarantine, the sleep timing markedly changed, we also noticed additional use of sleeping medications. Algerian scientists recommend to build public awareness and to provide necessary information regarding Algerian sleep quality, especially for Algerian adults.

Sleep habits and their association with daytime sleepiness among medical students of Tanta University, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa A. Atlam ◽  
Hala M. Elsabagh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
Sleeping Pills ◽  
Life Pattern ◽  
Waking Up ◽  
Malaysian Students

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the sleep quality (habits and disorders) and the daytime sleepiness among medical students.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted during September 2018, through November 2018 at the Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt. The study recruited undergraduate Egyptian and Malaysian students and applied a modified form of two questionnaires, namely the Sleep Habits and Life Style and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)”. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. The results were expressed as frequency, percentage, and mean ± standard deviation (SD). Chi-square test was used to explore associations between categorical variables. An independent sample t-test was used to detect the mean differences between groups. Ordinal regression analyses were done on the ESS findings in relation to demographics and sleep habits. p-values<0.05 were accepted as statistically significant.ResultsThe study included 899 medical students. Most of the participants were Egyptians (67%), rural residents (57.4%), and in the preclinical stage (79.5%). Males represented 66.0% of the study participants and participants average age (SD) was 21.98 (1.13) years. The average durations (SD) of night sleep were 7.3 (1.6) hours in work days and 8.7 (2.1) hours during the weekends. Both were significantly longer among young (<21 years-old) and preclinical students (p<0.05). Students had on average (SD) 1.33 (0.29) hours duration of napping, but 60% of the participants never or rarely scheduled for napping. Larger proportion of male and Malaysian students sometimes scheduled for napping more significantly than their peers (p<0.05). Only 16.24% of students reported that the cause of daytime napping was no enough sleep at night. The students reported sleep disorders of insomnia in the form of waking up too early, trouble falling asleep, or waking up at night with failure to re-sleep (31, 30, and 26%, respectively). Snoring (22.2%) and restless legs (22.0%) were also reported by the students. High chances of dozing off was reported by 22.02% of the participants, of which 10% used sleeping pills, 41.4% suffered psychological affection, and 34.8% reported life pattern affection. We found an increased chance of daytime sleepiness among males (0.430 times) and Egyptian (2.018 times) students. There was a decreased chance of daytime sleepiness in students from rural areas and those below 21-years-old (0.262 and 0.343 times, respectively). Absence of chronic diseases suffering was significantly associated with 5.573 more chance of daytime sleepiness or dozing off. In addition, enough and average sleep at night significantly decreased the chance of daytime sleepiness by 6.292 and 6.578, respectively, whereas daytime consumption of caffeinated beverages significantly decreased the chance of daytime sleepiness by 0.341.ConclusionThere was unbalanced sleep duration in work days and weekends as well as lack of scheduling for napping among the students. Sleep disorders as insomnia, snoring, and restless legs were associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. Some students who suffered daytime sleepiness also underwent psychological and life pattern affection including taking sleeping pills. Enough and average sleep duration at night as well as daytime consumption of caffeinated beverages decreased the chance of daytime sleepiness.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the Importance of Sleep in Common Cold—Two Online Questionnaire-Based Surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 596-605
Author(s):  
Gill Phillipson ◽  
Sue Aspley ◽  
Ingo Fietze
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The Common ◽  
Waking Up

Abstract Sleep deprivation affects the immune system and can render subjects more susceptible to symptoms associated with the common cold. The aim of this research was to investigate cold sufferers’ and doctors’ perceptions of the role of sleep in recovery from cold/flu. An online survey of 4000 adults who had suffered from cold/flu in the previous 12 months was conducted in eight countries and an online survey of 150 doctors was conducted in Germany. Responses were collected to questions regarding aspects of life affected by, and concerns while suffering from, cold/flu symptoms including nighttime awakening and actions taken to aid recovery. Responses were also collected to questions regarding advice given to cold/flu patients and the importance of sleep. Ability to sleep well was widely reported as negatively impacted by cold/flu (mean 46.1% of respondents across eight countries), especially in Western Europe, and inability to sleep well was a frequently reported concern associated with suffering from cold/flu (21.8%). To sleep more than usual was a frequently reported action taken to feel better (40.5%). Ninety-four percent of respondents reported waking up at night because of symptoms, cough being the most frequently reported symptom to awaken respondents. There was evidence of a possible relationship between sleep quality and medication taken at night for symptom relief. Countries with the highest proportions of respondents who reported sleep to be the aspect of life most negatively affected by a cold (France, Germany and Italy) were also those with the lowest proportions of respondents who reported that taking medications at night was the most effective way of getting back to sleep after waking due to cold symptoms. The majority of doctors believed sleep helped cold/flu patients to recover faster and that a good night’s sleep was important. Sleep is widely considered to be important in promoting recovery from cold/flu. Hence, the relief of symptoms that disrupt sleep is also likely to be important for a faster recovery.

scholarly journals 1092 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms And Sleep Characteristics Within A Seasonal Affective Disorder Spectrum

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A415-A416
Author(s):  
K N Kim ◽  
D L Wescott ◽  
P L Franzen ◽  
B P Hasler ◽  
K A Roecklein
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Adhd Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Depression Severity

Abstract Introduction Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) increases risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although the mechanism linking SAD and ADHD is unknown. Prior research has identified insomnia and delayed sleep phase in both ADHD and SAD. We hypothesized that sleep duration and timing in SAD would be associated with the severity of ADHD symptoms. Methods Adults with SAD (n = 45) and subsyndromal SAD (S-SAD; n = 18) aged 19-66 years from Pittsburgh, PA., were assessed for ADHD symptoms, self-report sleep quality, depression severity, and daytime sleepiness in the Winter. Participants wore an Actiwatch for 4-14 days, from which we calculated sleep-onset latency, total sleep time, sleep midpoint, and sleep efficiency. We conducted a hierarchical multivariate linear regression to determine if sleep characteristics predict ADHD symptom severity in our sample while controlling for depressive symptoms. Age and gender were added in Step 1, seasonal depression severity in Step 2, actigraphy-based total sleep time, sleep onset latency, midpoint, and efficiency in Step 3, and self-reported sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in Step 4. Results Participants mostly scored in the “likely” or “highly likely” ADHD range (87.30%, n=55), higher than the national prevalence rate (4.4%). When controlling for age, gender, and depression severity, only shorter actigraphy-based total sleep time was associated with higher ADHD symptom severity (β=-0.30, p&lt;0.05). However, when self-reported sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were added as predictors, total sleep time was no longer a statistically-significant predictor of ADHD symptom severity and only daytime sleepiness predicted ADHD symptom severity (β=0.31, p&lt;0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that individuals with SAD who experience daytime sleepiness and/or possibly shorter actigraphy-based sleep duration experience higher ADHD symptom severity. Treatments like Trans-C or CBT-I to improve daytime sleepiness and sleep duration may be indicated for SAD patients who present with comorbid ADHD symptoms. Support NIMH K.A.R. MH103303

scholarly journals Understanding sleep-wake behavior in late chronotype adolescents: The role of circadian phase, sleep timing, and evening vigilance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Lang ◽  
Cele Richardson ◽  
Gorica Micic ◽  
Michael Gradisar
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Diary ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Phase Angles

Background. Growing evidence supports a link between late chronotype and increased risk for affective disorders. Yet, the tendency toward a late chronotype and the onset of mood disorders often emerge during adolescence. Few studies have examined the relationship among school-aged adolescence. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the specific role of sleep and circadian related measures in late chronotype adolescents and their impact on mood. Furthermore, we explored to what extend severeness is explained by bedtime behavior, evening vigilance, and circadian phase.Methods. Nineteen male adolescents (M = 16.4 yrs ± 1.0 yrs), who were part of a larger study, were included in the analyses. Chronotype was assessed with the Munich Chronotype questionnaire, circadian timing via salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), and habitual sleep behavior with a 7-day sleep diary. Further questionnaires evaluated daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and mood. Evening vigilance (Go/NoGo) and sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) were used as a proxy for sleep propensity. Results. The average sleep duration on school nights was 7.78 hours (±1.65), and 9.00 hours (±1.42) on weekend nights. Mean DLMO was observed at 23.13 h (± 1.65), with a weekend phase angle of entrainment for DLMObedtime of 2.48 hours. Regression fittings revealed a general tendency of shorter phase angles with delayed DLMOs. In contrast, further analysis with chronotype subgroups revealed that this was only true for light and moderate late types, whereas extreme late types presented with wide phase angles. While no differences in daytime sleepiness and sleep duration were found between subgroups, sleep quality and mood decreased with increasing lateness. Extreme late chronotypes experienced higher evening sleepiness, whereas slight late types presented with higher evening vigilance. Chronotype but not DLMO predicted bedtime on school- and particularly weekend-nights. Conclusions. Our findings highlight that with increasing lateness, the risk for impaired sleep quality and mood disorders increases. Given that DLMO was not predictive of bedtime, our data indicate that factors contributing to a late chronotype are versatile and complex, particularly for extreme late types.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between a Baby's Age and Sleepiness in a Sample of Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Sánchez-García ◽  
María José Cantero ◽  
Eva Carvajal-Roca
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Relationship

One question of great practical importance for the parents, and especially the mother, after the birth of a baby, refers to how long the time during which they have to go with less and more fragmented sleep actually lasts. Most of the studies only explore this issue up to 6 months of the newborn's life, and less is known about the sleep problems the mothers may have after this initial period. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the sleep disruption and daytime sleepiness of mothers with infants until 2 years old compared to a group of women currently not at care of babies. To this end, a sample of 113 women, 67 currently bringing up a baby of under 2 years old, and the remainder without a baby at their care under 6 years old, reported sleep duration, sleep interruptions, sleep quality, and responded to questionnaires of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness. The relationship between the age of the children and the comparison between the groups was used to highlight the sleep problems of the mothers taking care of the infant. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between the age of the infant and the duration of the sleep of the mothers and that the duration of sleep for them was similar to those of the women in the control group about 6 months after the infant was born. However, fragmentation of sleep, daytime sleepiness, and sleep problems were still higher than in the control group for mothers with children between 6 and 12 months old.

Objective and Subjective Rated Depression, Daytime Sleepiness and Sleep Quality in Different Sleep Disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Z. Lattova ◽  
M. Keckeis ◽  
C. Lauer ◽  
T. Pollmacher
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Subjective Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Objective:Daytime sleepiness and disturbed sleep quality are core symptoms of sleep disorders. In addition, depressive symptoms are often reported. In the present study, we examined the possible relationships of daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and objective and subjective rated depressive symptoms in three major sleep disorders: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA; n = 25), restless legs syndrome (RLS; n = 18) and psychophysiological insomnia (n = 21), compared to healthy controls (n = 33).Method:Otherwise healthy subjects without a history of psychiatric disorder or psychotropic medication use were included. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for daytime sleepiness assessment and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) for subjective sleep quality were administered. Participants filled in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) as indicator of subjective rated depression and underwent a standard psychiatric interview; observer ratings comprised the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA).Results:As expected daytime sleepiness was highest in OSA, whereas insomnia patients showed the highest depression and anxiety scores and the worst subjective sleep assessment. In contrast to the HAMD, the BDI was unable to differentiate among patient groups. Objective (HAMD) and subjective (BDI) rated depression correlated significantly in insomnia, RLS and healthy controls, but surprisingly not in OSA. Subjective rated depression (BDI) correlated significantly with subjective sleep quality (PSQI) in these patients. This correlation was not present in insomnia, RLS or controls. Therefore, increased BDI levels in OSA are possibly related to disturbed sleep (PSQI) rather than to depression.

scholarly journals When Social Isolation Might Save Your Life: An MIT AgeLab Study of Living Through the COVID-19 Crisis at Age 85 and Over

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 482-483
Author(s):  
Julie Miller ◽  
Taylor Patskanick ◽  
Lisa D’Ambrosio ◽  
Martina Raue ◽  
Alexa Balmuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Face ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Previous research shows that social isolation is associated with increased mortality rates among older adults. However, in the face of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), social distancing was prescribed as a potentially lifesaving measure, particularly for older adults. In this session, MIT AgeLab researchers will present findings from a mixed methods study with the MIT AgeLab 85+ Lifestyle Leaders, a panel study of octogenarians and nonagenarians that began in September 2015. In March 2020, AgeLab researchers began conducting a series of telephone interviews (n=15) with Lifestyle Leaders and collected quantitative data via an online survey (n=25). Together, the interviews and survey inquired about Lifestyle Leaders’ attitudes and behaviors related to COVID-19, as well as their uses of technology throughout the crisis. Findings suggest that fears about the impacts of coronavirus transcended multiple domains of the Lifestyle Leaders’ lives, including their physical, socioemotional, and financial wellbeing. Lifestyle Leaders were asked about functional and emotional repercussions of social distancing and other precautions they had taken to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and to protect themselves from contracting the virus. Special attention was paid to differences in lived experiences of the COVID-19 crisis among Lifestyle Leaders who were living independently versus those who were living in assisted living or continuing care retirement communities. Findings from this study suggest that socially-connected emergency preparedness measures will become increasingly important for the growing number of octogenarians and nonagenarians.

scholarly journals 091 The Feasibility of At-home Sleep Extension in Adolescents and Young adults: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A38-A38
Author(s):  
Xinran Niu ◽  
Shijing Zhou ◽  
Melynda Casement
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sleep Extension ◽  
And Performance ◽  
At Home

Abstract Introduction Insufficient sleep duration has negative consequences for health and performance and is alarmingly common in adolescents and young adults. The primary aim of the meta-analysis and systematic review was to assess whether at-home sleep extension is a feasible means to improve sleep duration and daytime sleepiness without negative consequences for sleep quality or efficiency in adolescents and young adults. An additional aim of the review was to provide a qualitative summary of the health and performance outcomes associated with at-home sleep extension. Methods Peer-reviewed journal articles and doctoral dissertations available in English were searched and screened. Eligible studies had at least five consecutive days of at-home sleep extension, measurement of sleep duration during baseline/habitual sleep and extension of sleep opportunity, and participants 13–30 years of age. Information on primary sleep outcome (i.e., sleep duration), available secondary sleep outcomes (i.e., sleep opportunity, sleep efficiency, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness), and health and performance outcomes were extracted for quantitative synthesis and qualitative review. Results Of the 2254 articles assessed for eligibility, 17 studies (seven in adolescents and ten in young adults) met the eligibility criteria for this review. The average number of days of sleep manipulation was 14.29 (range: 5 to 49 nights). At-home extension of sleep opportunity reliably increased objective (ES = 0.97) and subjective sleep duration (ES = 2.19) and sleep quality (ES = 0.24), and decreased daytime sleepiness (ES = -0.39), when compared to unmanipulated sleep opportunity. Sleep extension was also found to have additional health (e.g., lower psychological stress) and performance benefits (e.g., better athletic performance) across ages and populations. A potential upward publication bias was found based on the distribution of within-subject effect sizes of actigraphic sleep duration. Conclusion The review indicates that at-home sleep extension is feasible in adolescents and young adults to improve sleep duration and daytime sleepiness, and maintain or improve sleep quality. However, the degree of improvement in sleep duration, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness varied by study population and sleep extension method. Future research should investigate how variations in population and methods of sleep extension impact health and performance outcomes. Support (if any):

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