Gender Mainstreaming as a Universal Tool for Constitution Writing: The Case of Iraq

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliza Forman-Rabinovici
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Intergovernmental Organization ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Postcolonial Feminist

Abstract In light of postcolonial feminist criticisms, this article asks how does gender mainstreaming functions as a strategy for introducing a gender perspective into the constitution writing process and constitutional text? The 2005 Iraqi Constitution is used to explore the method outside of its usual Western-dominated intergovernmental organization (IGO) context. Three main questions guide the analysis: Did gender mainstreaming promote gender equality effectively? Were there any shortcomings that were a result of a failure to account for intersectionality? Was the association of gender mainstreaming with Western-dominated IGOs a hindrance to the advancement of gender equality?

scholarly journals Systematic Study of Gender, Conflict, and Peace

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora-Ismene Gizelis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Gender Conflict ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
And Gender

AbstractThis article reviews the literature on gender, conflict, and peace. In traditional security studies there was not much room for gender or gender equality, while feminist theorists have claimed most of the research on war and peace. The empirical research on gender, conflict, and peace is a relatively new sub-field that brings together diverse traditions from sociology, feminist theory, international relations, and economic development. The common ground of all researchers included in this short review is the effort to systematically understand the role of gender in shaping outcomes of conflict and peace. Despite the increasing number of articles and new datasets, I identify four areas that scholars must address for the research agenda to further grow, deepen, and develop as part of the mainstream study of peace and conflict: women’s status and quality of peace, women’s participation, sexual violence, and gender mainstreaming to promote gender equality in development and peace.

Building back better? – negotiating normative boundaries of gender mainstreaming and post-tsunami reconstruction in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARJAANA JAUHOLA
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Postcolonial Feminist

AbstractThis article focuses on gender mainstreaming policies and advocacy on gender equality in the post-tsunami context in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Through the analysis, this article illustrates how gender mainstreaming policy documents and gender advocacy of the provincial and central government, when drawing from sex/gender division and binary of genders, reproduce heteronormative boundaries. By focusing on details, I argue that the image of the heteronormative nuclear family participates in normalising other identity categories; such as urban and middle-class. I also provide examples of how simultaneous to the production of dominant norms, gender advocacy challenges heteronormativity and norms governing heterosexuality and actively question the dominant gender norms. Drawing from postcolonial feminist and recent queer critiques, I argue that advocacy that solely focuses on gender and/or sexuality reduces human bodies and their desires to simplistic stick figures. Thus, it remains blind to other forms of violence, such as global economic and political frameworks that define ‘building back better’ primarily as recovery and rehabilitation of economy, assets and labour force.

scholarly journals Gender equality, diversity, and inclusion in academia: successes and failures of the initiatives promoted by the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Rita Bencivenga ◽  
Cinzia Leone ◽  
Anna Siri
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Promote Gender Equality

Abstract The article summarises the scientific debate on the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies adopted by the European Union to promote gender equality in academia and the adoption of a gender perspective in research. The article focuses on introducing gender mainstreaming, promoting gender equality and structural change in research performing and financing organisations, and adopting gender action/equality plans. The discussion is structured around textual analysis of relevant EU acts, scientific literature, reports of EU funded research projects, communication and support actions. The authors discuss the critics of the various initiative and advance some considerations about what could support individuals and groups interested in promoting positive changes towards gender equality, diversity and inclusion in the academic field. The article relevance is linked to the innovation promoted by Horizon Europe, that requires all public institutions applying for Eu funding to have a Gender equality plan, and the risks that previous mistakes can be repeated hindering the process towards gender equality as in the recent past.

Management control for gender mainstreaming – a quest of transformative norm breaking

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Elisabeth Wittbom
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Management Control System ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Core Business ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to discuss the gendered dimensions of management control. Gender mainstreaming is a worldwide strategy for gender equality. The question raised in this paper is how a management control system functions under the pressure of mainstreaming gender into a core business. Design/methodology/approach – The evidence stems from a case study at two Swedish Governmental public transport administrations. Interviews, observations of meetings and close reading of documents furnish this paper with data over a five-year period regarding the management control of the policy goal of a gender-equal transport system. The practice of management control for gender mainstreaming is studied by adopting sociological institutional theory and a gender perspective. Findings – The management control system proves to hamper gender equality. In a technocratic core business, the control system fails to support gender mainstreaming. In this paper, the control of a gender-equal transport system results in a quantitative perspective on women and men instead of a qualitative gender perspective on the transport system. Practical implications – This paper has practical implications both for accountants being involved in management control for gender mainstreaming and for all persons involved in promoting gender mainstreaming. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the scarce literature from research with a gender perspective on management control systems. Being exposed to gender mainstreaming, the gender perspective discloses dysfunctional dimensions within the management control system.

scholarly journals ACHIEVING GENDER EQUALITY, ECONOMIC JUSTICE AND COMPETITION LAW IN INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Amit Kashyap ◽  
Mohd. Jameel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Status Of Women

The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) on gender equality can be achieved by mainstreaming a gender perspective and promoting women's economic empowerment. Punjab has almost become synonymous with the low status of women, patriarchal society, feudal customs and values, social polarization along caste lines, high illiteracy, and poverty. The secondary status of women in Punjab coupled with an oppressive caste system and grinding poverty has robbed the women of their rights and a life of dignity, which were envisaged by the framers of the Constitution. The issue of gender equality has acquired a global character, and therefore, there is a need for the Civil Society to actively participate and enable the women to fight for their rights. The United Nations has included the issue of gender mainstreaming in the Millennium Declaration and 'promoting gender equality and empowerment of women' is one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Improved gender sensitivity could be achieved by adopting a proactive approach towards achieving gender economic justice. Therefore achieving gender equality requires two complementary approaches--mainstreaming a gender perspective and promoting women's economic empowerment.

scholarly journals From the Inside Out: Gender Mainstreaming and Organizational Culture Within the Aid Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Lokot
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Feminist Perspectives ◽  
Inside Out

Many international non-government organizations (INGOs) implement interventions designed to promote gender equality, investing significant resources into embedding gender considerations into programmes through the strategy of gender mainstreaming. However, despite their altruistic mission, INGOs place less focus on addressing culture and power hierarchies within their organizations. This article suggests that many INGOs fail to walk the talk on gender equality. Through an analysis of recent challenges facing the development and humanitarian aid sector, including gaps in safeguarding and #AidToo, this paper emphasizes the importance of addressing gender equality from the inside out. It draws on feminist perspectives, the notion of the “deep structure” of organizations and the author’s own experiences to argue for the need to address gendered, racial and colonial power hierarchies within the organizational culture of INGOs. The article argues that it is no longer sufficient to reduce gender mainstreaming and inclusion to programming interventions, and that INGOs need to reflexively and intentionally tackle power and inequalities within their own culture and structures.

scholarly journals Built on shaky ground: Reflections on Canada’s Feminist International Assistance Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-312
Author(s):  
Jessica Cadesky
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
International Assistance ◽  
Policy Environments ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Conflict Affected States ◽  
Shaky Ground

In October 2017, Canada launched its Feminist International Assistance Policy (FIAP). While Canada’s explicit use of the words “feminist” and “feminism” may be refreshing, critical questions on the FIAP’s interpretation and application of these concepts remain. These challenges are not unique to the FIAP. Rather, the central weaknesses of the FIAP can be seen as symptomatic of several endemic challenges that persist in the current policies and practices that seek to promote gender equality in the developing world and beyond. This article presents the theoretical and conceptual lineage that has informed the FIAP, drawing from challenges present within literature on security, gender equality, and gender mainstreaming. Three main shortcomings relevant to both the literature and the FIAP are explored: first, the assumptions and essentialization of “gender” to mean “women ”; second, the frequent conflation of “gender equality” with “women’s empowerment”; and last, the paradox of gender, gender equality, and feminism being simultaneously over-politicized and depoliticized to suit prevailing policy environments, with particular implications for the global coronavirus pandemic, as well as impacts in fragile and conflict-affected states. This analysis sheds light on persistent challenges in feminist foreign policymaking and offers insights for the development of Canada’s White Paper on feminist foreign policy.

scholarly journals Gendered Sociocultural Structures and Africa’s Quest for Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Grace Reuben Etuk ◽  
Ugo Samuel Bassey ◽  
Ejukwa Osam
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Women And Girls

The way gender interfaces with development is a concern that has occupied the attention of development planners and feminists for some time now. The impetus for this concern is the realization that a key component for achieving development in all its dimensions is the existence of gender equality. This explains why the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals of 2000 framed its third goal as “To promote gender equality and women empowerment”; and more recently in its Sustainable Development Goals of 2015, the fifth goal is “To achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls”. Against this backdrop, therefore, this paper attempts to accentuate the extent of gender inequality that has persisted in Africa’s social structures, and how it has so far affected development on the continent. Particular prominence is given to the ways gender inequality in Africa’s social structures have functioned to keep the continent’s development rate at a snail pace by crippling the extent of participation in the development process by women – the main victims of gender inequality. The issue of gender and its effects on Africa’s social systems and subsequently the processes that will lead up the continent’s development must be properly addressed if a highway is to be created for development to ride in Africa. Thus, among other recommendations, the paper advocates for gender mainstreaming in policies and programmes at country level on the continent.

scholarly journals Gender Impact of Interregional Trade

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Carolina Pavese
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Policy Instrument ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Interregional Trade ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Promote Gender Equality ◽  
The Eu

After two decades of negotiations, the European Union (EU) and Mercosur celebrated a new Association Agreement in 2019. Structured around three pillars (political dialogue, cooperation, and trade), the deal is still pending ratification but has raised strong criticism. Most concerns address the effect of trade liberalization on social and environmental agendas. This article contributes to this debate, conducting qualitative analysis on the agreement's potential impact on gender equality in the EU and Mercosur. Departing from the feminist scholarship assumption that trade has an unavoidable effect on gender, this article argues that interregional trade agreements can be a helpful policy instrument to promote gender equality. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that, so far, the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement has neglected this opportunity. The provisional text does not reflect a gender mainstreaming approach, lacking the appropriate mechanisms to manage its effects on women. As a result, the new interregional trade liberalization instrument risks widening gender inequality in both regions. Nevertheless, this research demonstrates that, so far, the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement has neglected this opportunity. The provisional text does not reflect a gender mainstreaming approach, lacking the appropriate mechanisms to manage its effects on women. As a result, the new interregional trade liberalization instrument risks widening gender inequality in both regions.

Gender Knowledge and Gender Expertise: The Implementation of Gender Mainstreaming in Swedish State Agencies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenita Freidenvall
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Knowledge ◽  
Government Development

Abstract Through an analysis of the Swedish government development program for gender mainstreaming in state agencies—the JIM (Jämställdhet i myndigheter)program—this article analyzes how gender equality is constructed (gender knowledge) and what role specialized knowledge (gender expertise) has in policy implementation. The article claims that even in best-case scenarios, such as Sweden, where intensive efforts to integrate a gender perspective have been undertaken, gender knowledge is based on visions and strategies that do not question prevailing policy paradigms. However, cross-cutting and intersectional conceptualizations of gender equality have created epistemic space for transformative interventions on the part of gender experts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document