scholarly journals Net ecosystem productivity, net primary productivity and ecosystem carbon sequestration in a Pinus radiata plantation subject to soil water deficit

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 785-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Arneth ◽  
F. M. Kelliher ◽  
T. M. McSeveny ◽  
J. N. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon

Fluxes of carbon and water in a Pinus radiata forest subject to soil water deficit

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Arneth ◽  
F.M. Kelliher ◽  
T.M. McSeveny ◽  
J.N. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Surface Conductance ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Soil Moisture Deficit ◽  
Abiotic Environment ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Moisture Deficit

We measured, by eddy covariance, seasonal CO2 (FCO2) and water (E) fluxes in an 8-year-old New Zealand Pinus radiata D.Don plantation subject to growing season soil water deficit. Average rates of FCO2 and E were highest in spring (324 mmol m-2 d-1 and 207 mol m-2 d-1, respectively) when the abiotic environment was most favourable for surface conductance and photosynthesis. During summer, fluxes were impeded by soil water (θ) deficit and were equal to or smaller than during winter (FCO2 = 46 mmol m-2 d-1 in summer and 115 mmol m-2 d-1 in winter; E = 57 and 47 mol m-2 d-1, respectively). On particularly hot and dry days, respiration exceeded photosynthetic uptake and the ecosystem was a net carbon source. Portraying the underlying biochemistry of photosynthesis, daytime half-hourly FCO2 increased with quantum irradiance absorbed by the canopy (Qabs) following a non-saturating, rectangular hyperbola. Except for winter, this relation was variable, including hysteresis attributable to diurnal variation in air saturation deficit (D). Daily ecosystem FCO2, FCO2/Qabs and FCO2/E were inversely proportional to maximum daily D, but in the cases of FCO2 and FCO2/Qabs only after soil moisture deficit became established. Consequently, as the tree growing season progressed, ecosystem carbon sequestration was strongly limited by the co-occurrence of high D at low θ.

scholarly journals Direct and Lagged Effects of Spring Phenology on Net Primary Productivity in the Alpine Grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhoutao Zheng ◽  
Wenquan Zhu ◽  
Yangjian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Ecosystem Productivity ◽  
Alpine Grasslands ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Lagged Effects

As a key biotic factor, phenology exerts fundamental influences on ecosystem carbon sequestration. However, whether spring phenology affects the subsequent seasonal ecosystem productivity and the underlying resource limitation mechanism remains unclear for the alpine grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). In this study, we investigated the direct and lagged seasonal responses of net primary productivity (NPP) to the beginning of growing season (BGS) along a precipitation gradient by integrating field observations, remote sensing monitoring and ecosystem model simulations. The results revealed distinct response patterns of seasonal NPP to BGS. Specifically, the BGS showed a significant and negative correlation with spring NPP (R = −0.73, p < 0.01), as evidenced by the direct boosting effects of earlier BGS on spring NPP. Moreover, spring NPP was more responsive to BGS in areas with more annual precipitation. The boosting effects of earlier BGS on NPP tended to weaken in summer compared with that in spring. Sequentially, BGS exhibited stronger positive correlation with autumn NPP in areas with less annual precipitation, which suggested the enhanced lagged suppressing effects of earlier spring phenology on ecosystem carbon assimilation during the later growing season under aggravated water stress. Overall, the strengthened NPP in spring was offset by its decrement in autumn, resulting in no obvious relationship between BGS and annual NPP (R = −0.34, p > 0.05) for the entire grasslands on the TP. The findings of this study imply that the lagged effects of phenology on the ecosystem productivity during the subsequent seasons should not be neglected in the future studies.

Relation of Soil Water Deficit, Involved by Precipitation and Corn Yield on Vinkovci Area (Eastern Croatia)

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
M. Jurišić ◽  
Ž. Vidaček ◽  
Ž. Bukvić ◽  
D. Brkić ◽  
R. Emert
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Soil Water Deficit

Water use by winter wheat as affected by soil management

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Goss ◽  
K. R. Howse ◽  
Judith M. Vaughan-Williams ◽  
M. A. Ward ◽  
W. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Maximum Depth ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Potential Yield

SummaryIn each of the years from September 1977 to July 1982 winter wheat was grown on one or more of three clay soil sites (clay content 35–55%) in Oxfordshire where the climate is close to the average for the area of England growing winter cereals.The effects on crop water use of different soil management practices, including ploughing, direct drilling and subsoil drainage, are compared. Cultivation treatment had little effect on the maximum depth of water extraction, which on average in these clay soils was 1·54 m below the soil surface. Maximum soil water deficit was also little affected by cultivation; the maximum recorded value was 186±7·6 mm. Subsoil drainage increased the maximum depth of water extraction by approximately 15 cm and the maximum soil water deficit by about 17 mm.Generally soil management had little effect on either total water use by the crop which was found to be close to the potential evaporation estimated by the method of Penman, or water use efficiency which for these crops was about 52 kg/ha par mm water used.Results are discussed in relation to limitations to potential yield.

The Effect of Dry Pegging Zone Soil on Pod Formation of Florunner Peanut1

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Sexton ◽  
J. M. Bennett ◽  
K. J. Boote
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Pod Development

Abstract Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fruit growth is sensitive to surface soil (0-5 cm) conditions due to its subterranean fruiting habit. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil water content in the pegging zone (0-5 cm) on peanut pod growth rate and development. A pegging-pan-root-tube apparatus was used to separately control soil water content in the pegging and root zone for greenhouse trials. A field study also was conducted using portable rainout shelters to create a soil water deficit. Pod phenology, pod and seed growth rates, and final pod and seed dry weights were determined. In greenhouse studies, dry pegging zone soil delayed pod and seed development. In the field, soil water deficits in the pegging and root zone decreased pod and seed growth rates by approximately 30% and decreased weight per seed from 563 to 428 mg. Pegs initiating growth during drought stress demonstrated an ability to suspend development during the period of soil water deficit and to re-initiate pod development after the drought stress was relieved.

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