scholarly journals Risk Factors for Wheezing Disorders in Infants in the First Year of Life Living in Sao Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Bianca ◽  
G. Wandalsen ◽  
J. Mallol ◽  
D. Sole
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
First Year ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus seroepidemiology in an urban community of São Paulo, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
LNB Almeida ◽  
RS Azevedo ◽  
M Amaku ◽  
E Massad
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
First Year ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Force Of Infection ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
First Year Of Life

INTRODUCTION: After the era of rubella vaccine, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most frequently causes of mental retardation and congenital deafness. Seroepidemiological studies are necessary to understand the transmission dynamics of the disease. The purpose of the study was to quantify the transmission rate of CMV disease in a community in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Using ELISA test (IgG), a retrospective serological survey looking for CMV antibodies was performed in an non-immunized community. Frozen sera from 443 individuals, randomly selected by cluster sampling technique in the town of Caieiras, São Paulo, were collected from November 1990 to January 1991. Seroprevalence was stratified by age (0-40 years). Mathematical techniques were applied to determine the age-dependent decay function of maternal antibodies during the first year of life, the age-dependent seroprevalence function and the force of infection for CMV in this community. RESULTS: It was observed a descending phase of seropositivity in the first 9 months, but changes in antibody titration were observed between 8 months old and one year of age. The average age of the first infection was 5.02 months of age and 19.84 years, when the age-dependent seroprevalence and the force of infection were analyzed between 10 months of age and 10 years of age and from 10 to 40 years old, respectively. CONCLUSION: CMV infection is highly prevalent among the population studied and infection occurs in the first year of life. This study shows that most women at reproductive age are vulnerable to the first infection, increasing the risk for congenital infection.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic diversities and infant development at 6 to 9 months in a poverty area of São Paulo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Tella ◽  
Luciane da Rosa Piccolo ◽  
Mayra Lemus Rangel ◽  
Luis Augusto Rohde ◽  
Guilherme Vanoni Polanczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
First Year ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Poverty Area ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Introduction The effects of socioeconomic disparities on cognitive development tend to emerge early in infancy and to widen throughout childhood, and may perpetuate later in life. Although the study of how poverty affects early childhood has increased in the last 20 years, many of the effects remain largely unknown, especially during the first year of life. Aim To investigate the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) and maternal education on infants’ language, motor and cognitive development. Methods The cognitive, language and motor skills of 444 infants aged 6 to 9 months selected from a poor neighborhood in São Paulo, Brazil, were evaluated using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. A questionnaire on socioeconomic background was administered to the participants’ families. Results A positive association was found between SES and infants’ performance on language and motor scales. Additionally, higher maternal education was associated with higher language and cognitive scores. Conclusion Our findings indicate that SES effects are detectable very early in infancy. This result has implications for the timing of both screening and intervention efforts to help children overcome the consequences of living in poverty.

scholarly journals Prevention of anemia in the first year of life in health centers of Santo André, São Paulo

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia C. Szarfarc ◽  
Gabriele Berg ◽  
Alice L. S. Santos ◽  
Sônia Buongermino de Souza ◽  
Carlos A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
First Year ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Early Infant Feeding Practices as Possible Risk Factors for Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergies in Kuwait

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalal Alkazemi ◽  
Munirah Albeajan ◽  
Stan Kubow
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
First Year ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
Pediatric Allergy ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
First Year Of Life

Objective. Early feeding and infant exposures have been suggested as potential risk factors for immunoglobulin E- (IgE-) mediated food allergy (FA). We aimed to evaluate the association between IgE-mediated FA in children and early exposures including the child’s nutritional status, breastfeeding and its duration, the age at which the solid food was first introduced, antibiotic exposure during the first year of life, and the child’s vitamin D status during infancy. Design. A case-control study. Setting and Subjects. Children aged 0–13 years were recruited from pediatric allergy and immunology clinics (PAICs) located at major government hospitals in Kuwait (total FA cases: n=100; boys = 67%), and healthy controls (n=100, boys 55%) were recruited from various vaccination units at primary healthcare centers. Results. Cow’s milk allergy was the most common type of FA. FA status was independently associated with the early exposures of exclusive breastfeeding (aOR = 15.55 (3.26–74.19), p=0.001), vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency during infancy (aOR = 5.42 (1.92–15.30), p=0.001), and antibiotic exposure during the first year of life (aOR = 5.00 (1.58–15.84), p=0.006). Conclusions. FA is highly prevalent among children in Kuwait, and our data indicate that early nutrition-related and antibiotic exposures are associated with FA risk.

Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii in sheep raised in the Jaboticabal microregion, São Paulo State, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes ◽  
Thaís Rabelo dos Santos ◽  
Ricardo dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Walter Matheus Rossanese ◽  
Fernando Augusto de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Epidemiology of Physician-Diagnosed Allergic Rhinitis in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901
Author(s):  
Anne L. Wright ◽  
Catharine J. Holberg ◽  
Marilyn Halonen ◽  
Fernando D. Martinez ◽  
Wayne Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
First Year ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Year Of Life

Objective. To investigate the natural history of and risk factors for allergic rhinitis in the first 6 years of life. Methods. Parents of 747 healthy children followed from birth completed a questionnaire when the child was 6 years old. Data were obtained regarding physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (PDAR), associated symptoms, and age at onset. Risk-factor data were taken from earlier questionnaires, and data regarding immunoglobulin E (IgE) and skin-test reactivity were obtained at age 6. Results. By the age of 6, 42% of children had PDAR. Children whose rhinitis began in the first year of life had more respiratory symptoms at age 6 and were more likely to have a diagnosis of asthma. Early introduction of foods or formula, heavy maternal cigarette smoking in the first year of life, and higher IgE, as well as parental allergic disorders, were associated with early development of rhinitis. Risk factors for PDAR that remained significant in a multivanate model included maternal history of physician-diagnosed allergy (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.35-3.54), asthma in the child (4.06, 2.06-7.99), and IgE greater than 100 IU/mL at age 6 (1.93, 1.18-3.17). The odds for atopic as opposed to nonatopic PDAR were significantly higher only among those with high IgE and those who had dogs. Conclusion. Allergic rhinitis developing in the first years of life is an early manifestation of an atopic predisposition, which may be triggered by early environmental exposures.

scholarly journals Landscape risk factors for attacks of vampire bats on cattle in Sao Paulo, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murilo Novaes Gomes ◽  
Antonio Miguel Vieira Monteiro ◽  
Nicola Lewis ◽  
Celso Alberto Gonçalves ◽  
Vladimir de Souza Nogueira Filho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Vampire Bats

scholarly journals Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections in swine of non-tecnified rearing farms of the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil and associated risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e00080
Author(s):  
Gabriela Capriogli Oliveira ◽  
Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽  
Raissa Saran Sartori ◽  
Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi ◽  
Luis Guilherme de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Northeastern Region ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Clinical and demographic profile of users of a mental health system for medical residents and other health professionals undergoing training at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Fagnani Neto ◽  
Cristina Sueko Obara ◽  
Paula Costa Mosca Macedo ◽  
Vanessa Albuquerque Cítero ◽  
Luiz Antonio Nogueira-Martins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
First Year ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Leave Of Absence ◽  
Seeking Help

CONTEXT: A postgraduate and resident trainee mental health assistance center was created in September 1996 within our university. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and demographic profile of its users. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective. SETTING: Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (Unifesp-EPM). METHODS: The study was carried between September 1996 and November 2002, when 233 semi-structured registration forms were filled out either by the psychologist or the psychiatrist during their first contact with the trainees, who were medical and nursing residents, and postgraduate students at specialization, master or doctoral levels. The registration forms included demographic, occupational and clinical data. RESULTS: The trainees were predominantly young (mean of 27 years old), single (82.0% of cases), women (79.4%), seeking help especially during the first year of training (63.1%). In 70.8% of the cases, they came to the service spontaneously. Such individuals showed greater adherence to the treatment than those who were referred by supervisors (p < 0.05). In 30% of the cases, the trainee sought psychological guidance or support at the service due to specific situational conflicts. Depression and anxiety disorders were the most frequent diagnoses; 22.3% of the trainees followed up mentioned a tendency towards suicidal thoughts. In comparison with other trainees, there was a higher prevalence of males among the medical residents (p < 0.01), with more cases of sleep disorders (p < 0.05), a smaller number of individuals refraining from the use of alcohol (p < 0.05) and a higher number of trainees requiring leave of absence (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The first year of training in health sciences is the most stressful, especially for women. Depression and anxiety symptoms are common, reflecting transitory self-limited deadaptation. However, the severity of the cases can also be evaluated in view of the large number of trainees who mentioned suicidal tendencies. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the need and importance of providing formal, structured and confidential mental health services for medical residents and postgraduate students from other health professions, in the training programs of academic institutions.

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