Climate Change and Ocean Acidification

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Weis
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth

What causes global warming or climate change? The burning of fossil fuels emits carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which results in the greenhouse effect—less heat can be re-radiated away from the earth, thus raising the temperature of the atmosphere and ocean. In the past...

Recent Record Growth in Atmospheric CO2 Levels

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger J. Francey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Trace Gases ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Co2 Levels

Environmental Context.Excessive levels of carbon dioxide are accumulating in the atmosphere, principally from burning fossil fuels. The gas is linked to the enhanced greenhouse effect and climate change, and is thus monitored carefully, along with other trace gases that reflect human activity.The rate of growth of carbon dioxide has increased gradually over the past century, and more rapidly in the last decade. Teasing out fossil emissions from changes due to wildfires and to natural exchange with plants and oceans guide global attempts in reducing emissions.

Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romdhane Ben Slama
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat Released ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately,  to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

Climate Change, Global Warming, and Agricultural Droughts

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennady V. Menzhulin ◽  
Sergey P. Savvateyev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spatial Variations ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
The Earth

The climate of a region is a representation of long-term weather conditions that prevail there. Over the millions of years of the existence of the atmosphere on the earth, the climate has changed all the time; ice ages have come and gone, and this has been the result of natural causes. Recently (on geological time scales) the human population has expanded—from half a billion in 1600, to 1 billion in 1800, to almost 3 billion in 1940, and it now stands at about 6 billion. The climate may well now be influenced not only as before by natural events but also by human activities. For example, we are producing vast amounts of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels, and this is causing the temperature of the earth to rise significantly. If we argue that we should control our activities to preserve this planet as a habitable environment for future generations, we need to have some scientific knowledge of the effects of our present activities on climate. In recent years the evidence has been accumulating that on the time scale of decades there is global warming (i.e., the global annual mean surface temperature is increasing). There is also evidence accumulating that part of this increase is a consequence of human activities. The evidence is largely statistical. Within this trend there are bound to be temporal fluctuations and spatial variations. Moreover, in addition to the increase in temperature, it is reasonable to assume that there is, overall, an increase in evaporation of water from the surface of the earth and that there will be a consequent increase in precipitation. But within this overall scenario there are bound to be local variations; some areas may experience more precipitation, but some areas may experience less precipitation. The effect of climate change on the proneness to drought is therefore not uniform but can be expected to vary from place to place. Therefore, whether one is concerned with considering the relation between climate and proneness to drought from the historical evidence or whether one is trying to use models to predict the effect of future climatic conditions, it is necessary to consider the local spatial variations.

scholarly journals MAKING LEARNING MEDIA FOR GREENBOX EFFECT SIMULATOR TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Noer Sarifah Ainy ◽  
Nestiyanto Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The earth is experiencing global warming due to an increase in air temperature (greenhouse effect). This is due to the large number of greenhouse gases produced by human activities. In addition, it is also due to the reduced number of plants that absorb greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. This condition causes the study of the greenhouse effect to become an object studied by students at school. Understanding the greenhouse effect is somewhat difficult if only understood in theory. Increasing understanding can be done by making practicum learning media. This study aims to create learning media for the Greenbox Effect Simulator to help understand the concept of the greenhouse effect. The research was conducted using control variables and independent variables (use of plants and without plants). The plants used are Caisim, Sri Gading and Anggrek. The presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) greenhouse gases can be detected by three things, namely changes in the color of the CO2 indicator, changes in temperature, and visibility of the box. The color of the CO2 indicator shows green and green yellow for Box B (with plants) which means the concentration of CO2 in normal conditions. Whereas Box C (without plants) gives a yellow color, which means that the concentration of CO2 is at high conditions. The presence of carbon dioxide gas from combustion will increase the temperature by 1.4 - 1.9 oC in Box C (without plants) and 0.7 - 1.5 oC in Box B (use of plants). The visibility of Box B shows a higher brightness level than Box C. The best plants that can absorb CO2 concentrations are orchids. The ability of orchids to absorb CO2 is assisted by their roots which also function to carry out photosynthesis. The existence of plants functions to absorb CO2 quite well when viewed from changes in temperature, color indicators and visibility.

scholarly journals CAMBIAMENTI CLIMATICI: EVIDENZE SCIENTIFICHE, RISCHI ED OPPORTUNITÀ DI MITIGAZIONE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Main Model

This contribution presents the various pieces of evidence which bring the scientific community to conclude that global warming is happening and it is mostly due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide and methane, deriving from the use of fossil fuels and some intensive agricultural practices. The main climatic changes associated with global warming are then discussed, along with the main model-derived future climate scenarios and the impacts that climate change can have on different socioeconomic sectors. Finally, the response policies to global warming are described, and in particular the concepts of adaptation and mitigaziotn (reduction of greenhouse gas emissions).

GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE AND SPORTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Shamshad Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Rafique Dhanani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
United Nations Environment Programme ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Average Temperature

Climate change is not the new phenomenon. The palaeo-climatic studies reveal that during the Pleistocene and Holocene periods several warm and cold periods occurred, resulted change of sea level and change in climatic processes like rise and fall of global average temperature and rainfall. The last medieval warm period was observed from 950 to 1350 AD, followed by the little Ice Age from 1400 to 1900 AD. Occurrence of these climatic changes and their impacts are considered due to natural processes that are geological and astronomical. In 1970s environmentalists and some climate scientists pointed that earth’s average temperature is rising linked with the anthropogenic causes of global warming and emission of carbon dioxide through fossil fuels. In late 1980s the problem was discussed in politics and media. To examine and monitor the global rise of temperature and its impacts due to the emission of carbon dioxide an organization of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was created in 1988 by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The IPCC released several reports based upon anthropogenic causes of climate change and their impacts. According to IPCC, 2007 report on climate change during the last 100 years the earth’s average temperature has increased up to 0.6 degree Celsius and if emission of greenhouse gases particularly carbon dioxide continues to rise, global temperature will rise up to 5.8 degrees Celsius by the end of 2100 AD. Similarly as a result of this threat of global warming, glaciers will disappear even from Antarctica and Arctic sea will open for navigation throughout the year. Many islands and coastal cities will submerge as a result of sea level rise. In 2004 Canadian Broadcasting T.V presented a documentary with the name “ The doomsday called off” in which leading climate scientists, astrophysicist and geophysicist presented evidences that science of global warming presented by IPCC scientists is incomplete and incorrect based upon computer models and stimulations which are deliberately exaggerated. Many climate scientists have shown disassociation with the IPCC views and speculations on the basis of its doubtful manipulated and exaggerated figures of global warming and some consider it a climate scam. Since then debate between UN pro man-made global warming scientists and anti-man-made global warming climate scientists continue.

scholarly journals Efficient nanoarray catalyze carbon dioxide conversion

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Qineng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Conversion ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Past

With the rapid development of industrialization, the increasing production and emission of carbon dioxide leads to strong greenhouse effect and global warming. According to survey, the average temperature has been continuously increased and the rate of increasement may accelerate. Among the solutions people proposed, the utilization of carbon dioxide conversion is widely favored. At the same time, the emerging nanomaterials have made a breakthrough in the past decade. Due to its characteristic properties, nanomaterials have an advantage over traditional catalyst. Under above background, this paper reviews carbon dioxide conversion and nanocatalyst. Meanwhile, we also propose to apply nanoarray in carbon dioxide conversion, aim to make contribution to the utilization of carbon dioxide and slow down global warming.

scholarly journals Collateral transgression of planetary boundaries due to climate engineering by terrestrial carbon dioxide removal

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Heck ◽  
Jonathan F. Donges ◽  
Wolfgang Lucht
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Removal ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Climate Engineering ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

Abstract. The planetary boundaries framework as proposed by Rockström et al. (2009) provides guidelines for defining thresholds in environmental variables. Their transgression is likely to result in a shift in Earth system functioning away from the relatively stable Holocene state. As the climate change boundary is already transgressed, several climate engineering methods are discussed, aiming at a reduction of atmospheric carbon concentrations to control the Earth's energy balance. Terrestrial carbon dioxide removal (tCDR) via afforestation or bioenergy production with carbon capture and storage are part of most climate change mitigation scenarios that limit global warming to less than 2 °C. We analyse the co-evolutionary interaction of societal interventions via tCDR and the natural dynamics of the Earth's carbon cycle. Applying a conceptual modelling framework, we analyse how societal monitoring and management of atmospheric CO2 concentrations with the aim of staying within a "safe" level of global warming might influence the state of the Earth system with respect to other carbon-related planetary boundaries. Within the scope of our approach, we show that societal management of atmospheric carbon via tCDR can lead to a transgression of the planetary boundaries of land system change and ocean acidification. Our analysis indicates that the opportunities to remain in a desirable region within carbon-related planetary boundaries depend critically on the sensitivity and strength of the tCDR management system, as well as underlying emission pathways. While tCDR has the potential to ensure the Earth system's persistence within a carbon safe operating space under low emission pathways, this potential decreases rapidly for medium to high emission pathways.

The Risk of Climate Change Cliché

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
General Public ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Public

Climate change is one of the most talked about issues on the planet, yet recently there has been a surge of skepticism towards its existence. After all, even EPA leader Scott Pruitt–who had recently resigned after certain ethics scandals–has claimed carbon dioxide emission not to be the main cause of climate change [1]. Rather than dismissing such assertions as stemming from corporate interest or just another conspiracy, we should ask ourselves why such arguments have made it into the mainstream at all. The reason might have a lot to do with the fact that climate change has become a buzzword. The general public is overexposed to not only the term but also the lineup of the consequences of climate change: global warming, ocean acidification, etc. The amount of discussion spent on climate change has saturated public attention and trivializes the matter, especially to people who didn’t truly feel concerned in the first place. As such, a large part of the public has come to believe that just discussing climate change–rather than doing anything about it–is enough.

Ozone Depletion and Global Environment

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Ozone Depletion ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Photochemical Reaction ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is focused on the relationship between ozone depletion and environmental climate change. Ozone (O3) depletion and global warming are not directly related to each other but have a common reason as pollutants released into the atmosphere by human activities which alter both phenomenal change. Global warming is incident of accumulation of higher level of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when hydrocarbons are used to generate electricity to run vehicles. Carbon dioxide spreads around the earth like a cover which is mainly responsible for the absorption of infrared radiation as a heat. Ozone depletion occurs when chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halon (halogen) gases are observed in aerosol. Practically, spray cans and refrigerants are the sources of CFCs. Ozone is available in the stratosphere and absorbs ultraviolet radiaton, which is very harmful to humans, animals and plants. By photochemical reaction ozone molecules are broken down by CFCs and halons, which are the primary substances in the chemical reactions, reducing ozone’s ultraviolet radiation-absorbing capacity.

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