Phylogenetic revision of the shrimp genera Ephyrina, Meningodora and Notostomus (Acanthephyridae: Caridea)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiia A Lunina ◽  
Dmitry N Kulagin ◽  
Alexander L Vereshchaka
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Forward Motion ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Revision ◽  
Molecular Trees

Abstract The shrimp genera Ephyrina, Meningodora and Notostomus have an unusual carapace strengthened with carinae and a half-serrated mandible, which may suggest a possible monophyly of this group. Here we test this hypothesis and present the first phylogenetic study of these genera based on 95 morphological characters (all valid species coded) and six molecular markers (71% of valid species sequenced). Representatives of all genera of Oplophoridae (sister to Acanthephyridae) were outgroups, 32 species belonging to all genera and potentially different clades of Acanthephyridae were ingroups. Both morphological and molecular analyses retrieve trees with similar topology. Our results reject the hypothesis of a clade formed by Ephyrina + Meningodora + Notostomus. We show that Ephyrina and Notostomus are monophyletic, both on morphological and on molecular trees, Meningodora gains support only on morphological trees. Evolutionary traits in the Ephyrina and Meningodora + Notostomus clades are different. Synapomorphies are mostly linked to adaptations to forward motion in Ephyrina (oar-like meri and ischia of pereopods, stempost-like rostrum) and to progressive strengthening of the carapace and pleon in Meningodora and Notostomus (net of sharp carinae). Unusual mandibles evolved in the clades independently and represent convergent adaptations to feeding on gelatinous organisms.

Stock structure of the world's istiophorid billfishes: a genetic perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Graves ◽  
Jan R. McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Stock Structure ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Blue Marlin ◽  
Population Structuring

Istiophorid billfishes are highly migratory species that inhabit the tropical and subtropical, epipelagic waters of the world's oceans, a large, relatively homogeneous environment that lacks significant physical barriers. Based on these observations alone, one would not expect marlins, sailfish and spearfishes to exhibit substantial stock structure. This assumption has been evaluated with a variety of techniques, including analyses of morphological characters, adult distribution, tag and recapture data, the spatial and temporal distribution of spawning and, recently, molecular genetic characters. This paper focuses on inferences of istiophorid billfish stock structure derived from investigation of several different classes of molecular markers, and reviews our current understanding of the genetic basis of stock structure of striped marlin, white marlin, blue marlin, sailfish and black marlin. Significant genetic differences exist between Atlantic and Indo-Pacific populations of blue marlin and sailfish, and the presence of distinct mitochondrial DNA lineages suggests that ocean populations were isolated in the past. However, the occurrence of identical genotypes in both oceans is evidence of recent genetic contact. The genetic data do not support recognition of separate Atlantic and Indo-Pacific species of blue marlin or sailfish. White and striped marlin are separated by about the same level of genetic divergence as Atlantic and Indo-Pacific populations of blue marlin and sailfish, but preliminary analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region suggests that, unlike Atlantic and Indo-Pacific populations of blue marlin and sailfish, white marlin and striped marlin represent independent evolutionary units. If white and striped marlin are valid species, they are of very recent origin. Significant intraspecific genetic heterogeneity was found among collections of striped marlin and sailfish within the Indo-Pacific; both species exhibited a clear spatial partitioning of genetic variation among geographically distant collection locations. There was no genetic evidence for within-ocean population structuring for other istiophorids examined. Inferences of billfish stock structure derived from studies of molecular markers complement those obtained using other methods of analysis, and together these studies demonstrate substantial differences in the level of population structuring among istiophorid billfishes, information critical for effective management of these highly migratory species.

scholarly journals Determination of species boundaries of Selais fish from Arut River, Central Kalimantan based on 16S mitochondrial gene using Bayesian approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Tuty Arisuryanti ◽  
Bella Ulin Nikmah ◽  
Tomi Kasayev ◽  
Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Approach ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Selais fish is difficult to discriminate with other Silurid fish species based on morphological characters. As a result, the valid species of selais fish is uncertain. Therefore, a molecular phylogenetic study was needed to clarify species boundaries and to addresses genetic relationships of the selais fish. In this study, 16S mitochondrial gene of ten selais samples collected from Arut River (Central Kalimantan) were sequenced, from which a Bayesian trees was generated. Result revealed monophyletic of selais fish which is revealed as a single species. The Bayesian inference showed that the selais fish clade is distinguished with two other genus, Kryptopterus and Ompok, by its sequence differences. This finding can address species boundaries of selais fish using Bayesian approach, but the name of the selais species has not been clarified.

scholarly journals A hard-earned draw: phylogeny-based revision of the deep-sea shrimp Bentheogennema (Decapoda: Benthesicymidae) transfers two species to other genera and reveals two new species

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia A Lunina ◽  
Dmitry N Kulagin ◽  
Alexander L Vereshchaka
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Species Groups

Abstract The phylogenetic study of the deep-sea genus Bentheogennema is based on four molecular markers and 79 morphological characters. All four previously recognized species and two new species of Bentheogennema, representatives of all other genera and species groups of Benthesicymidae, and three outgroups were included in the analyses. We have examined and coded six major groups of morphological characters related to the carapace (three characters), the pleon and the telson (14), the mouthparts (nine), the armature of the pereopods (five), the thelycum (27) and the petasma (21). Results of morphological and molecular analyses were similar. Two species were transferred from Bentheogennema to other genera (for one of them a new genus was erected) and two new species of Bentheogennema were described. Three pelagic genera (Gennadas, Bentheogennema and a new genus) created a robust clade. The divergence of this clade is linked to ‘smoothening’ of the body (reduction of the branchiostegal spine on the carapace, reduction and loss of the dorsolateral spines and the end-piece on the telson) and elaboration of the copulatory structures. We provide amended diagnoses of these three pelagic genera and key to species of Bentheogennema.

The resurrection of Charybdis (Gonioinfradens) giardi (Nobili, 1905), newly recorded from the SE Mediterranean Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4370 (5) ◽  
pp. 580 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELLA S. GALIL ◽  
JACOB DOUEK ◽  
ROY GEVILI ◽  
MENACHEM GOREN ◽  
YANA YUDKOVSKY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Adult Specimen ◽  
Gulf Of Oman ◽  
Portunid Crab

A single adult specimen of Gonioinfradens giardi, a portunid crab known from the Red Sea, Gulf of Oman and Arabian Gulf, was recently collected off the southern Israeli coast, in the southeastern Mediterranean Sea. Morphological characters, as well as molecular analyses based on the mitochondrial barcoding gene cytochrome oxidase sub unit I (COI), support its distinction from the widely distributed G. paucidentata. Therefore, G. giardi is reinstated as a valid species, and withdrawn from its synonymy with G. paucidentata. Previous Mediterranean records of the latter species are misidentifications and should be referred to G. giardi. The species is described, illustrated, and differentiated from its cogener. 

Across the benthic and pelagic realms: a species‐level phylogeny of Benthesicymidae (Crustacea:Decapoda)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Vereshchaka ◽  
Dmitry N. Kulagin ◽  
Anastasiia A. Lunina
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Rare Opportunity

Benthesicymidae is a monophyletic group of Decapoda adapted to a life on the sea-floor, in the near-bottom layer, in the bathy- and in the mesopelagic, within an impressive depth range from a few hundred metres (Gennadas) to several thousand metres (Benthesicymus). Higher taxa are known to conquer all main oceanic biotopes such as the benthic, benthopelagic, and pelagic and a wide depth range but few family-level groups have clades evolved within all these oceanic realms. Therefore, the global fauna of Benthesicymidae provides a rare opportunity for an insight into phylogenetic processes favouring colonisation of all principal oceanic biotopes. The first comprehensive phylogenetic study of Benthesicymidae (all 37 valid species) is based on six molecular markers and 105 morphological characters (including 72 female and male copulatory characters). Analyses resulted in trees with similar topology and the same set of robust clades. Molecular methods based on 167 sequences (84 new) provided better resolution of deeper nodes and generally higher support of the clades, while morphological methods allowed analyses of all valid species of the global fauna. Phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly and robustness of all currently known genera except Gennadas, which was split into Gennadas Bate, 1881, Amalopenaeus Smith, 1882, and Notogennema gen. nov. We also retrieved two major clades for which we erected two new subfamilies: Benthesicyminae subfam. nov. (presumably benthic, genera Altelatipes, Bathicaris, Benthesicymus, and Benthonectes) and Gennadinae subfam. nov. (presumably pelagic, genera Amalopenaeus, Bentheogennema, Benthoecetes, Boreogennema, Gennadas, Maorrancaris, and Notogennema gen. nov.). We revealed two groups of morphological characters, that are interlinked evolutionarily: (1) petasma and thelycum; (2) body, mouthparts, and pereopods. Morphological traits within benthic and pelagic clades are different, a model explaining the differences is proposed. Along with previous studies, our results confirm the idea that the elaboration of the copulatory structures is a key to successful colonisation of the pelagic realm. These results extend our knowledge about evolution in the largest habitual biotope of our planet and phylogenetic processes favouring colonisation of all principal oceanic biotopes.

A phylogeny-based revision of the shrimp genera Altelatipes, Benthonectes and Benthesicymus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Benthesicymidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L Vereshchaka ◽  
Laure Corbari ◽  
Dmitry N Kulagin ◽  
Anastasia A Lunina ◽  
Jørgen Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Trophic Specialization ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Species Groups

Abstract A phylogenetic study of deep-sea dendrobranchiate genera Altelatipes, Benthesicymus and Benthonectes based on four molecular markers and 91 morphological characters is presented. All currently recognized species of these genera, representatives of all other genera and species groups of Benthesicymidae, and three outgroups were included in the analyses. The molecular and morphological methods retrieved similar results, the molecular methods provided better resolution of deeper nodes and higher clade support. Both types of analyses showed paraphyly of Benthesicymus, which encompass five robust clades, four of which are diagnosed as new genera (type species in parentheses): Benthesicymus s.s. (B. crenatus), Bathicaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus brasiliensis), Dalicaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus altus), Trichocaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus bartletti) and Maorrancaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus investigatoris). Altelatipes was found to be monophyletic. The evolution of the major clades of Benthesicymidae is shown to be linked to trophic specialization, while further divergence at the genus level is mainly related to sexual evolution seen in the elaboration of the copulatory structures. We provide amended diagnoses of the previously recognized and new genera, key to species of each of these genera and include an updated key to genera of Benthesicymidae.

Morphological and molecular analyses in micropropagated berry plants acclimatized under ex vitro condition

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Debnath ◽  
P. Vyas ◽  
J. C. Goyali ◽  
A. U. Igamberdiev
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Fidelity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Berry Crops

Debnath, S. C., Vyas, P., Goyali, J. C. and Igamberdiev, A. U. 2012. Morphological and molecular analyses in micropropagated berry plants acclimatized under ex vitro condition. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1065–1073. Berry crops include, but are not limited to, the members of the genera Fragaria (strawberry; Rosaceae), Rubus (brambles: raspberry and blackberry; Rosaceae), Vaccinium (blueberry, cranberry and lingonberry; Ericaceae) and Ribes (currant and gooseberry; Grossulariaceae). While berry fruits have long enjoyed huge popularity among consumers, tremendous progress in plant tissue culture, resulting in great advances in micropropagation, has occurred. The in vitro morphogenesis seems to be highly dependent on plant growth regulators and media used for culture, which is again genotype specific. Although automation of micropropagation in bioreactors has been advanced as a possible way of reducing the cost of propagation, optimal plant production depends on better understanding of physiological and biochemical responses of plants to the signals of the culture microenvironment and an optimization of specific physical and chemical culture conditions to control the morphogenesis of berry plants in liquid culture systems. Increased branching, vigorous vegetative growth and change in biochemical components are often noted in micropropagated plants acclimatized under ex vitro condition. Clonal fidelity can be a serious problem and strategies have been developed to reduce the variation to manageable levels. Molecular markers have been introduced in tissue culture research and can potentially be used in various facets of pertinent studies with berry crops. This paper describes in depth the progress of various aspects of berry propagation in vitro, the characterization of micropropagated berry plants for morphological characters, and the employment of molecular markers in these plants for the assessment of genetic fidelity, uniformity, stability and trueness-to-type among donor plants and tissue culture regenerants.

scholarly journals A combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of the Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with emphasis on the Harttiini and Farlowellini

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247747
Author(s):  
Alejandro Londoño-Burbano ◽  
Roberto E. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
Tissue Samples

We present a combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis of the Loricariinae, with emphasis on the Harttiini (Cteniloricaria, Harttia, and Harttiella) and Farlowellini (Aposturisoma, Farlowella, Lamontichthys, Pterosturisoma, Sturisoma, and Sturisomatichthys). Character sampling comprised seven molecular markers (the mitochondrial Cytb, nd2, 12S and 16S, and the nuclear MyH6, RAG1 and RAG2) and 196 morphological characters. A total of 1,059 specimens, and 159 tissue samples were analized, representing 100 species. A Bayesian Inference analysis was performed using the concatenated data matrix, which is comprised of 6,819 characters. The Loricariinae were found to comprise the tribes (Hartiini (Loricariini, Farlowellini)), the latter two elevated from subtribes. A Maximum Parsimony analysis was also performed using the same data matrix in order to reveal phenotypical synapomorphies to diagnose each clade. Two MP trees were found with a length of 14,704 steps, consistency index of 0.29 and retention index of 0.61, which were summarized in a strict consensus tree. Harttiini includes (Harttiella (Cteniloricaria, Harttia), and Farlowellini includes (Lamontichthys (Pterosturisoma (Sturisoma (Sturisomatichthys, Farlowella)))). Aposturisoma was recovered nested within Farlowella and is synonymyzed to the latter. Sturisoma was corroborated as strictly cis-Andean, while Sturisomatichthys encompasses, besides the valid species already included in the genus, the trans-Andean species once belonging to Sturisoma sensu lato. Identification keys and phylogenetic diagnoses of family-group taxa and genera of both the Harttiini and the Farlowellini are provided.

A new species of Wyeomyia (Diptera: Culicidae) from Heliconia flower bracts in northern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4999 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-552
Author(s):  
PAULINO SIQUEIRA RIBEIRO ◽  
MÁRCIO GALVÃO PAVAN ◽  
MARCOS BARBOSA DA SILVA ◽  
CLEBER GALVÃO ◽  
RICARDO LOURENÇO-DE-OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Wyeomyia, Wyeomyia (Decamyia) anthica sp. n., is described based on morphological and molecular analyses and is illustrated in larval, pupal and adult life stages. Among the four valid species of the subgenus Decamyia, the new species is closest to Wy. ulocoma (Theobald, 1903), from which it can be distinguished by morphological characters of the male genitalia, larval and pupal stages, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene sequence. Wyeomyia ulocoma is recorded from Brazil for the first time.

A giant within Carpocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Description of Adustonotus graziae sp. nov.

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4958 (1) ◽  
pp. 489-502
Author(s):  
FILIPE MICHELS BIANCHI
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Internal Genitalia ◽  
Evidence Analysis ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae

The Carpocorini are distributed worldwide, and it is one of the most speciose tribes within the Pentatomidae with 127 genera and more than 500 valid species. Recently, Adustonotus Bianchi was described to contain eight species formerly placed within Euschistus Dallas. Among them, Adustonotus grandis (Rolston) and Adustonotus latus (Dallas) are remarkable for their large size. Herein, the phylogenetic position of a new taxon is inferred by a total evidence analysis based on 85 morphological characters and four molecular markers. Adustonotus graziae sp. nov. is described, and is recovered in a polytomic lineage, including A. grandis and A. latus. These species share a solid combination of features that enable them to be separated from the other Adustonotus species (e.g., large size, the humeral angles spatulate and exceptionally produced, and the capsula seminalis shortened). Illustrations of external and internal genitalia, and a distributional map are provided. 

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