scholarly journals Diversity of Neopestalotiopsis and Pestalotiopsis spp., Causal Agents of Guava Scab in Colombia

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Solarte ◽  
Carlos German Muñoz ◽  
Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura ◽  
Elizabeth Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Multiple Gene ◽  
Guava Leaves ◽  
Β Tubulin

Common guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a fruit tree of global economic importance. It is grown in Asia, South and Central America, and Hawaii for its exquisite aroma and flavor, and nutritional and medical properties. However, guava production is limited by guava scab, caused by fungi in the Pestalotiopsis genus. Characteristic symptoms of guava scab are corky, ovoid or round lesions on fruit surfaces. These lesions may thicken, affecting the flesh below and reducing fruit quality and commercial value. We characterized 81 isolates isolated from guava scab lesions on guava leaves and fruit in different regions of Colombia, and identified them as Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis spp. We analyzed the morphology, pathogenicity, and genetic diversity of the isolates based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and elongation factor genes. Isolates were morphologically, pathogenically, and genetically diverse but the diversity did not correlate with geographical origin, or guava cultivar or tissue from which the isolates were recovered. Selected monosporic isolates included in the multiple-gene analysis were identified as belonging to two genera: Neopestalotiopsis (65 isolates with versicolorous conidia) and Pestalotiopsis (4 isolates with concolorous conidia).

Diaporthe sinensis, a new fungus from Amaranthus sp. in China 

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 425 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
XIAO-XIAO FENG ◽  
JIA-JIE CHEN ◽  
GUO-RONG WANG ◽  
TING-TING CAO ◽  
YONG-LI ZHENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Β Tubulin

During an exploration of plant pathogens in vegetables occuring in Zhejiang province, China, a novel fungal species, was found. Three strains ZJUP0033-4, ZJUP0038-3 and ZJUP0132 were isolated from black round lesions in the stems and leaves of Amaranthus sp. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences from four genes including rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α), histone (HIS) and β-tubulin (TUB) indicated that D. sinensis clustered in a distinct clade closely related to D. neoarctii, D. angelicae, D. subordinaria, D. arctii, D. cuppatea, D. lusitanicae, D. novem, D. infecunda, D. ganjae and D. manihotia. Morphologically, D. sinensis is distinguished by brown, scattered, globose pycnidia and ellipsoid alpha conidia with bi- to multiguttulate.

Pestalotiopsis anacardiacearum sp. nov. (Amphisphaeriaceae) has an intricate relationship with Penicillaria jocosatrix the mango tip borer

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAJEEWA S. N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
YANMIN ZHANG ◽  
YONG WANG ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Partial Translation ◽  
Β Tubulin

Pestalotiopsis anacardiacearum sp. nov. is described from leaves of Mangifera indica from Yunnan Province, China. The taxon can clearly be distinguished from all known species of Pestalotiopsis by its morphology. Phylogenetic analysis based on combined multi-locus alignment of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial β-tubulin and partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) also distinguishes this taxon. It can be distinguished from previously recorded Pestalotiopsis pathogens on mango by having larger conidia. The species occurs on leaves of mango following death associated with the mango tip borer (Penicillaria jocosatrix).

New Endophytic Fusarium spp. from Fraxinus excelsior Leaves in Slovakia

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (13/14) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031
Author(s):  
Helena Ivanova ◽  
Lenka Malinicova ◽  
Maria Piknova ◽  
Peter Pristas
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Ash Dieback ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Β Tubulin

Abstract Fraxinus excelsior is currently suffering from ash dieback disease caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Co-occurrence of large numbers of other fungi with endophytic as well as pathogenic lifestyles has been observed on F. excelsior. In this study, new endophytic Fusarium spp. isolate Fraxinus excelsior Fusarium from Slovak territory, associated with F. excelsior, was characterised. Using morphology-based approaches, the fungus was assigned to the genus Fusarium. The isolate formed thick-walled hyaline, fusiform, slightly curved macroconidia, produced from monophialides in sporodochia, pointed at the tip, mostly 3 – 5 septate, occasionally 6 septate, and 40 – 68 × 3.8 – 5.0 µm in size with basal pedicellate cells. For more accurate taxonomic affiliation, molecular sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-alpha sequences, and partial β-tubulin gene were performed. While the internal transcribed spacer sequence of the isolate showed the highest similarity to the Fraxinus oxysporum species, translation elongation factor 1-alpha and partial β-tubulin sequences were distantly related to the Fraxinus avenaceum species. Based on these data, the Fraxinus excelsior Fusarium isolate could probably be considered a new species of the Fusarium genus.

Multigene differences between Microdochium nivale and Microdochium majus

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Elizabeth Jewell ◽  
Tom Hsiang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Β Tubulin

Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels & Hallett and Microdochium majus (Wollenw.) Glynn & S.G. Edwards are sister species that cause diseases on grasses and cereals at low temperatures. The DNA sequences of RPB2 (RNA polymerase II), β-tubulin, EF-1α (elongation factor), and ITS (rDNA internal transcribed spacer) from these groups were analysed to compare the extent of differences between these species, among isolates from Europe compared with those from North America, and among isolates of M. nivale originally collected from Agrostis spp. compared with isolates from wheat (Triticum aestivum). All of the regions studied except for ITS resolved M. nivale and M. majus isolates into separate clades. The RPB2 sequences also resolved both the North American and European M. majus isolates and M. nivale isolates from either turfgrasses or wheat into separate clades. These results support the recent elevation of M. nivale and M.majus to sister species and also provide some support for the assertion that there may be host-specific differences among M. nivale, which has a wider host range than M. majus.

A polyphasic approach to characterise two novel species of Phoma (Didymellaceae) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Chen ◽  
KE ZHANG ◽  
GUOZHEN ZHANG ◽  
LEI CAI
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Polyphasic Approach ◽  
Nrdna Its ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Viburnum Odoratissimum ◽  
Β Tubulin

Phoma odoratissimi sp. nov. on Viburnum odoratissimum and Syringa oblate, and Phoma segeticola sp. nov. on Cirsium segetum from China are introduced and described, employing a polyphasic approach characterising morphological characteristics, host association and phylogeny. Both species are the first records of Phoma species on their respective hosts. Multi-locus phylogenetic tree was inferred using combined sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 & 2 and 5.8S nrDNA (ITS), and partial large subunit 28S nrDNA region (LSU), β-tubulin (TUB) region and RNA polymerase II (RPB2) region. The two new species clustered in two separate and distinct lineages, and are distinct from their allied species.

Puccinia psidii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Laundon
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
South America ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Eucalyptus Citriodora ◽  
Puccinia Psidii ◽  
Guava Rust ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Puccinia psidii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Pimenta officinalis and Psidium guajava, also on Callistemon speciosus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eugenia jambos, E. malaccensis, E. uvalha, Marlierea edulis, Myrcia spp., Myrciaria jaboticaba and Pimenta acris. DISEASE: Guava rust. Attacks foliage, inflorescences and young succulent twigs of pimento and Eucalyptus, and foliage and fruit of guava, causing severe defoliation under certain conditions. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Central America and Caribbean (Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Trinidad); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Uruguay, Venezuela). (CMI Map 181, Ed. 2, 1949 & Herb. IMI.) TRANSMISSION: Urediospores disseminated by rain-splash in Jamaica (41: 569).

scholarly journals Study to find the best extraction solvent for use with guava leaves ( Psidium guajava L.) for high antioxidant efficacy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongkwon Seo ◽  
Soojung Lee ◽  
Marcus L. Elam ◽  
Sarah A. Johnson ◽  
Jonghoon Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Guava Leaves

scholarly journals Species Diversity in Penicillium and Acaulium From Herbivore Dung in China, and Description of Acaulium stericum Sp. Nov.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Su ◽  
Hua Zhu ◽  
Peilin Sun ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Bochao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Herbivorous Animal ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Rdna ◽  
Β Tubulin

Abstract Penicillium and Acaulium species are common in the fresh of herbivore dung and can produce abundant secondary metabolism, which play important roles as decomposers of organic materials, food industry, and enzyme factories. Besides, the well-characterized diversity of dung fungi offers accessible systems for dissecting the function of fungi in gut and for exploring potential to produce high cellulases in herbivorous animal. During a survey of intestinal fungi from herbivorous animal in China, more than 400 were isolated, 38 belonging to Penicillium and 4 belonging to Acaulium were obtained from 12 healthy animals including marmot and chinchilla and selected for detailed study. Putative taxa were characterized by a multi-gene sequencing analysis testing the partial β-tubulin (TUB), the internal transcribed spacer rDNA (ITS), calmodulin (CAM), and RPB2, and a detailed phenotypic study. Penicillium strains were identified as six sections, 12 known species. In addition, four Acaulium isolates were identified as Acaulium album and Acaulium stericum sp. nov. based on morphology and phylogeny of multi-gene sequences. This study shows that the species diversity of Penicillium on herbivore dung has not been widely studied and that seems to be a good source of offers opportunities for discovery of new cellulases from microbial communities.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision of Russula subsection Amoeninae from South Korea

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Komsit Wisitrassameewong ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Aniket Ghosh ◽  
Kanad Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Central America ◽  
North American ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pileus Surface ◽  
A New Species

Russula subsection Amoeninae is morphologically defined by a dry velvety pileus surface, a complete absence of cystidia with heteromorphous contents in all tissues, and spores without amyloid suprahilar spot. Thirty-four species within subsection Amoeninae have been published worldwide. Although most Russula species in South Korea have been assigned European or North American names, recent molecular studies have shown that Russula species from different continents are not conspecific. Therefore, the present study aims to: 1) define which species of Russula subsection Amoeninae occur on each continent using molecular phylogenetic analyses; 2) revise the taxonomy of Korean Amoeninae. The phylogenetic analyses using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and multilocus sequences showed that subsection Amoeninae is monophyletic within subgenus Heterophyllidiae section Heterophyllae. A total of 21 Russula subsection Amoeninae species were confirmed from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and Central America, and species from different continents formed separate clades. Three species were recognized from South Korea and were clearly separated from the European and North American species. These species are R. bella, also reported from Japan, a new species described herein, Russula orientipurpurea, and a new species undescribed due to insufficient material.

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