scholarly journals Standardizing Pathogenicity Assays for Fusarium Wilt Pathogens of Ornamental Palms

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
pp. 1541-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Inoculation Techniques ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Washingtonia Filifera

Standardized protocols for determining pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum ff. spp. canariensis and palmarum, the cause of Fusarium wilt of ornamental palms, were developed using small palm plants with a minimum of three to four seedling leaves. For both protocols, a standard amount of inoculum (25 ml of 106 spores/ml) was pipetted onto and between the leaf bases of each plant, with excess material running down onto the roots and collecting in the container. After 3 days, the palm plants were transplanted into 450-ml containers filled with pine bark/sedge peat/sand potting mix. The protocol for F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis differed from the protocol of F. oxysporum f. sp. palmarum by requiring that the lower 20% of roots be cut prior to inoculation and having the assay run for 6 months versus 3 months. These two assays were used to evaluate pathogenicity of multiple isolates of each pathogen. All 15 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. palmarum were pathogenic, whereas only 7 of 13 F. oxysporum f. sp. canariensis isolates were pathogenic. These assays were also used to determine susceptibility of other palm species to these pathogens. Washingtonia filifera, Butia odorata, Phoenix dactylifera, and P. reclinata appeared susceptible to F. oxysporum f. sp. palmarum, at least in the seedling stage. Other inoculation techniques are described that may be useful for evaluating Fusarium wilt disease management methods.

scholarly journals Integrated Disease Management of Chickpea Fusarium Wilt

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Sangita Sahni ◽  
Bishun Deo Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damage from wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri( Padwick) with yield loss over 60 per cent. It is an important soil borne plant pathogen and is difficult to manage by application of chemical pesticides. Moreover, the chemical control is costly and leads to residual effect. A plethora of reports indictes the efforts made to reduce environmental effects and rationalize the use of pesticides and manage the pathogen more effectively through Integration of Disease Management (IDM). Application of soil amendments and specific bio-control agents also incorporated in IDM which has potential to suppress soil-borne pathogens through manipulation of the physicochemical and microbiological environment. Therefore, IDM approach for controlling chickpea Fusarium wilt might be a cost effective and eco-friendly approach.

scholarly journals Uji masa simpan pelet Trichoderma harzianum dan kemampuannya dalam menghambat perkembangan penyakit Layu Fusarium pada bibit tomat.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Rizka Musfirah ◽  
Rina Sriwati ◽  
Tjut Chamzurni
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Damping Off

Abstrak. Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang ditanam secara luas di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia, karena memiliki rasa yang khas dan enak, juga memiliki nilai gizi seperti sumber vitamin A dan C yang sangat baik. Produksi tomat mengalami penurunan setiap tahun, salah satunya diakibatkan oleh organisme penganggu tanaman (OPT) yaitu patogen Fusarium oxysporum sehingga perlu dilakukan pengendalian hayati yaitu menggunakan Trichoderma harzianum dalam bentuk formulasi pelet yang praktis, efektif, dan efesien. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan, setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 10 unit bibit tomat. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 6 perlakuan yaitu perlakuan A (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum  4 minggu), B (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 3 minggu), C (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 2 minggu), D (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 1 minggu), E (masa simpan pelet T. harzianum 0 minggu), F (tanpa perlakuan pelet T. harzianum). Peubah yang diamati yaitu pre-emergence damping off, post-emergence damping off, masa inkubasi, persentase tanaman layu, tinggi tanaman, dan jumlah daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelet T. harzianum yang disimpan 4 minggu efektif dalam menghambat perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium seperti menunda masa inkubasi sampai 7 HSI, menekan pre-emergence damping off sampai 90%, post-emergence damping off 92,95%, serta mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman sampai 19,63 cm dan meningkatkan jumlah daun rata-rata 7 helai pada 35 HSI. (Storing Period of Trichoderma harzianum Pellets and its ability to Inhibit the development of Fusarium Wilt Disease on Tomato Seeds)Abstract. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most widely grown commodities in the world, including Indonesia. It has a distinctively good taste and many nutritional value such as vitamin A and C. However, tomato production has decreased every year. One of the main cause is the attacks by pathogens, named Fusarium oxysporum. A Biological control is necessary and the use of Trichoderma harzianum in the form of pellets is recommended because of its effectiveness, efficiency and practical use. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) non-factorial consisted of 6 treatments with 3 replications, each treatment consisted of 10 units of tomato seedlings. The 6 treatments are named as treatment A (T. harzianum pellet saving 4 weeks), B (T. harzianum pellet saving period 3 weeks), C (shelf life of 2 weeks T. harzianum pellet), D (shelf life of pellet T harzianum 1 week), E (shelf life of pellet T. harzianum 0 weeks), and F (without T. harzianum pellet treatment). The variables observed in this study are pre-emergence damping off, post-emergence damping off, incubation period, the percentage of wilted plants, plant height, and the number of leaves. The results showed that pellets of T. harzianum stored 4 weeks effectively inhibiting the development of fusarium wilt disease such as delaying incubation period up to 7 HSI (Days After Incubation), suppressing the pre-emergence damping off up to 90% and post-emergence damping off to 92.95%, also able to increase the plant height up to 19.63 cm and increase the average leaf number of 7 strands at 35 HSI.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KETAHANAN AKSESI KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU Fusarium oxysporum SCHLECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
GEMBONG DALMADIYO ◽  
CECE SUHARA ◽  
SUPRIYONO SUPRIYONO ◽  
SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Screen House

<p><strong>Evaluation on the resistance of kenaf accessions (Hibis¬ cus cannabinus /..) to Fusarium oxysporum Schlect</strong></p><p>Resistant variety is one of the most important components controlling of fusarium wilt disease on kenaf caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. To ind out resistant variety an evaluation on kenaf accessions was conducted in the laboratory and screen house of Phytopathology, RITFC, Malang in June-December 1997. The results of the selection on 77 accessions showed that 41 accessions were highly resistant, 1 2 accessions were resistant, 7 accessions were moderate, 12 accessions were susceptible, and 5 accessions were highly susceptible Three resistant and highly resistant accessions were namely 85-9-73, DS/005 H, and FJ/004 He could inhibit F. oxysporum growth about 23.40- 32.43 mm and its discolorisation about 0.0-13.4%.</p>

scholarly journals Seleksi Bakteri Antagonis untuk Mengendalikan Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Phalaenopsis

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Djatnika
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Research Institute ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Bacterial Antagonists ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Selection Of

<p>ABSTRAK. Layu Fusarium merupakan penyakit penting yang menjadi kendala dalam memproduksi tanaman anggrek. Untuk mengendalikannya,  petani masih menggunakan fungsida. Tanaman anggrek kerap ditampilkan sebagai hiasan yang dekat dengan lingkungan manusia, maka penggunaan pestisida perlu diperhatikan. Oleh karena itu sangat penting dicari cara pengendalian lainnya yang aman terhadap lingkungan, antara lain dengan  pengendalian hayati. Tujuan penelitian ialah mendapatkan isolat bakteri antagonis yang dapat mengendalikan layu Fusarium pada tanaman Phalaenopsis. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung (1100 m dpl.) serta untuk  mikrob diisolasi dari lokasi tanaman hortikultura di Jawa Barat dan DKI Jakarta, mulai Bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2010. Penelitian meliputi isolasi Fusarium spp. sebagai patogen pada tanaman anggrek di beberapa lokasi, isolasi bakteri antagonis, uji kemangkusan bakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Fusarium spp. di laboratorium, dan uji kemangkusan bakteri antagonis terhadap layu Fusarium di rumah kasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab layu Fusarium pada tanaman Phalaenopsis ialah Fusarium oxysporum. Dari 154 isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari lapangan, hanya ada tiga  isolat yaitu nomor B23, B 26, dan B37 yang dapat menekan pertumbuhan F. oxysporum pada media PDA. Sampai dengan pengamatan minggu ke-10 setelah inokulasi, ketiga bakteri tersebut masing-masing menekan jumlah tanaman yang terserang layu Fusarium, yaitu sebesar 46,9; 48,9; dan 65,3%, dan masing-masing menekan intensitas penyakit layu 50,5; 43,9; dan 55,1%.</p><p>ABSTRACT. Djatnika, I 2012. Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria for Controlling of Fusarium Wilt on Phalaenopsis Plants. Fusarium wilt is an important disease as constraint on production of orchid plants. The control of Fusarium wilt of orchids with fungicides often use by farmers. Orchid plants are often displayed as a decoration which is close to the human environment, so the application of pesticides have to get attention. It is therefore necessary to find another method that is safe for environments, such as using of biological control. The purpose of the study was to get isolates of  bacterial antagonists for controlling of Fusarium wilt of Phalaenopsis plants. The experiment was conducted at Laboratory and Screenhouse of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute, Segunung (1100 m asl.) and the microbes were isolated from horticultural area in West Java and DKI Jakarta since January until December 2010. The research comprised of isolation of Fusarium spp. from orchid plants in some location, isolation of bacterial antagonists, the effectiveness of the bacteria to suppress Fusarium spp. growth in laboratory, and the effectiveness of the bacteria to control Fusarium wilt on Phalaenopsis plants in the screenhouse. The results showed that the causal Fusarium wilt of Phalaenopsis plants was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Three of 154 isolates of bacteria, i.e. isolates number of B23, B26, and B37, could suppress of F. oxysporum growth on PDA media. Observation up to 10 weeks after inoculation, the three bacteria could reduce the number of  plants attacked by Fusarium wilt , which were 46.9; 48.9; and  65.3% respectively, and each of them suppress wilt disease intensity 50.5, 43.9, and 55.1% respectively. <br /><br /></p>

Screening of Chickpea Genotypes for Resistance against Fusarium Wilt

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Sangita Sahni ◽  
Birendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the world’s major legume crops and suffers substantial damage from wilt disease incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (Padwick) with yield loss over 60 per cent. The screening for new resistance chickpea genotypes against this disease is an alternative approach to avoid indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides. In this study 55 chickpea genotypes were screened against Fusarium wilt. Out of 55 chickpea genotypes studied, only one genotype was found to be resistant and 12 were found to be moderately resistance. Nineteen genotypes showed moderately susceptible. However, nineteen and four genotypes showed susceptible and highly susceptible reaction for wilt disease, respectively.

scholarly journals Efficacy of fungicides in controlling fusarium wilt of gladiolus

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
L Yasmin ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
FN Khan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Infested Field

The efficacy of fungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt of gladiolus was studied at Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during 2010-2012 following RCB design with four replications. Six fungicides such as Bavistin (0.1%), Provax (0.2%), Mancozeb (0.2%), Rovral (0.2%), Chlorax (10%) and Cupravit (0.7%) were evaluated against the Fusarium wilt disease of gladiolus (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli) under naturally infested field condition. Bavistin was very effective in reducing the disease incidence and thereby resulting maximum corm germination (99.98%), spike length (73.90 cm), rachis length (43.70 cm), florets spike-1 (12.63), flower sticks plot-1 (38.75) and corm plot-1 (60.23) and cormel yield ha-1 (2.51 t) of gladiolus. Provax and Cupravit were also effective in inhibiting the disease incidence as well as better spike length, rachis length, florets spike-1, no of flower sticks, corm and cormel yield.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 599-607, December 2017

scholarly journals Biological management of fusarium wilt on tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycospersici by some plant growth-promoting bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Z. Hussein ◽  
Shaker I. Al-Dulaimi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Infection Percentage

AbstractChemical approaches have been applied to combat Fusarium wilt disease for a long time. Even though pesticides are effective in controlling the disease, they continue to damage the environment. Environmental-friendly approaches to manage plant disease are the goal of many studies recently. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of some bio-agents in induction of systemic resistance in tomato plants as a management approach of Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL) under condition Plastic house. Results of the plastic house experiments showed that all treatments in decreased Fusarium disease percentage and severity on tomato, two bacterial combinations (Streptomyces sp. (St) and Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pf)) decreased the infection percentage and disease severity with 16.6% and 8.3%, respectively. Treatment with St reduced the infection percentage and disease severity with 33.3% and 22.8%, while the Pf treatment showed 41.6% and 31.2% reduction in infection percentage and disease severity, compared to 100% and 91.6% in the control treatment. Results of induced systemic resistance (ISR) biochemical indicators showed significant differences in tomato plants. Peroxidase and Phenylalanine-Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) activity and the Phenol content increased significantly 14 days after treatments compared to the control treatment, which contains only the fungal pathogen FOL.

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