scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Carlavirus Causing Veinal Necrosis of Coleus

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 754-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitre S. Mollov ◽  
Maya C. Hayslett ◽  
Kari A. Eichstaedt ◽  
Noelle G. Beckman ◽  
Margery L. Daughtrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Coat Protein Region ◽  
Veinal Necrosis ◽  
Protein Size ◽  
Vein Necrosis

A filamentous virus identified in coleus (Coleus × hybrida) in Minnesota and New York was found to cause veinal necrosis in coleus, although this symptom was observed only under certain conditions. The virus was transmitted readily by mechanical inoculation to coleus and Nicotiana spp. and was not transmitted by Myzus persicae. The particles of the coleus virus had a modal length of 640 nm and a single capsid protein with an estimated molecular mass of 34 kDa. The amino acid sequence of the coat protein region of the coleus virus genome had significant similarities only to the corresponding domain of carlaviruses. Based on virion morphology, capsid protein size, genome size and organization, amino acid sequence, and phylogenetic analyses, the coleus virus, which was named provisionally Coleus vein necrosis virus (CVNV), was concluded to be a new definitive member of the genus Carlavirus. A 2-kb fragment of the 3′ terminus of the CVNV genome sequence is accessible under accession number DQ915963 in GenBank.

Single nucleotide polymorphism scanning and expression analysis of ACSL1 from different duck breeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Song ◽  
Zhixiu Wang ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
Xiangxiang Li ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Pekin Duck ◽  
Lipid Deposition

Accumulating studies have indicated that the long-chain fatty acyl-CoA1 (ACSL1) gene is related to fat deposition and meat quality in mammals. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between ACSL1 and lipid deposition in ducks. To examine this, we assessed the physicochemical property, homologous alignment and phylogenetic analyses of the ACSL1 amino acid sequence using bioinformatics tools. The analysis indicated that the ACSL1 amino acid sequence varies in animals, and the duck ACSL1 protein is most closely related to that of chicken. Two SNP sites were identified at 1749 and 1905 bp of the coding region of ACSL1 by sequencing. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein levels in abdominal fat, breast muscle and liver tissue of Pekin duck (BD) and Cherry Valley duck (CD). mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher in BD than in CD in abdominal fat and liver tissue (P < 0.05). In breast muscle, the mRNA level of ACSL1 was also significantly higher in BD than in CD (P < 0.05), and protein expression in BD tended to be higher than that of CD. These results suggest that ACSL1 may contribute to lipid deposition and meat quality in ducks.

scholarly journals First detection and characterisation of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 02) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
R Moutelikova ◽  
J Prodelalova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Nucleocapsid Gene ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Encephalomyelitis Virus ◽  
Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus

Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) is a highly neurovirulent coronavirus that invades the central nervous system in piglets. The incidence of PHEV among pigs in many countries is rising, and the economic losses to the pig industry may be significant. Serological studies suggest that PHEV is spread worldwide. However, no surveillance has been carried out in the Czech Republic. In this study, eight pig farms were screened for the presence of members of the Coronaviridae family with the use of reverse transcription PCR. A collection of 123 faecal samples and 151 nasal swabs from domestic pigs were analysed. In PHEV-positive samples, almost the complete coding sequence of the nucleocapsid gene was amplified and the acquired sequences were compared to those of geographically dispersed PHEV strains; phylogenetic analyses were also performed. PHEV was present in 7.9% of nasal swabs taken from different age categories of pigs. No other swine coronaviruses were detected. The amino acid sequence of the Czech PHEV strains showed 95.8–98.1% similarity to other PHEV reference strains in GenBank. PHEV strains collected from animals on the same farm were identical; however, strains from different farms have only exhibited only 96.7–98.7% amino acid sequence identity. Our study demonstrates the presence of PHEV in pigs in the Czech Republic. The Czech PHEV strains were evolutionarily closest to the Belgium strain VW572.

Non-AUG Translation Initiation in a Plant RNA Virus: a Forty-Amino-Acid Extension Is Added to the N Terminus of the Soil-Borne Wheat Mosaic Virus Capsid Protein

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 1677-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Shirako
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Initiation Codon ◽  
N Terminus

ABSTRACT RNA 2 of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV), the type species of the genus Furovirus, encodes a protein previously hypothesized to be initiated at an in-frame non-AUG codon upstream of the AUG initiation codon (nucleotide positions 334 to 336) for the 19-kDa capsid protein. Site-directed mutagenesis and in vitro transcription and translation analysis indicated that CUG (nucleotides 214 to 216) is the initiation codon for a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 25 kDa composed of a 40-amino-acid extension to the N terminus of the 19-kDa capsid protein. A stable deletion mutant, which was isolated after extensive passages of a wild-type SBWMV, contained a mixture of two deleted RNA 2’s, only one of which coded for the 25-kDa protein. The amino acid sequence of the N-terminal extension was moderately conserved and the CUG initiation codon was preserved among three SBWMV isolates from Japan and the United States. This amino acid sequence conservation, as well as the retention of expression of the 25-kDa protein in the stable deletion mutant, suggests that the 25-kDa protein is functional in the life cycle of SBWMV. This is the first report of a non-AUG translation initiation in a plant RNA virus genome.

scholarly journals Broad-spectrum detection of papillomaviruses in bovine teat papillomas and healthy teat skin

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 2191-2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Ogawa ◽  
Yoshimi Tomita ◽  
Mineyuki Okada ◽  
Kuniko Shinozaki ◽  
Hiroko Kubonoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Healthy Skin ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Spectrum Detection

To investigate the prevalence of bovine papillomavirus (BPV) in bovine papilloma and healthy skin, DNA extracted from teat papillomas and healthy teat skin swabs was analysed by PCR using the primer pairs FAP59/FAP64 and MY09/MY11. Papillomavirus (PV) DNA was detected in all 15 papilloma specimens using FAP59/FAP64 and in 8 of the 15 papilloma specimens using MY09/MY11. In swab samples, 21 and 8 of the 122 samples were PV DNA positive using FAP59/FAP64 and MY09/MY11, respectively. Four BPV types (BPV-1, -3, -5 and -6), two previously identified putative BPV types (BAA1 and -5) and 11 putative new PV types (designated BAPV1 to -10 and BAPV11MY) were found in the 39 PV DNA-positive samples. Amino acid sequence alignments of the putative new PV types with reported BPVs and phylogenetic analyses of the putative new PV types with human and animal PV types showed that BAPV1 to -10 and BAPV11MY are putative new BPV types. These results also showed the genomic diversity and extent of subclinical infection of BPV.

Identification, Transmission, and Partial Characterization of a Previously Undescribed Flexivirus Causing a Mosaic Disease of Ash (Fraxinus spp.) in the USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Ernesto Machado-Caballero ◽  
Ben E. Lockhart ◽  
Shauna L. Mason ◽  
Dimitre Mollov ◽  
Jason A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Genomic Regions

A previously undescribed virus with flexuous filamentous particles 720 nm in length was associated with a mosaic disease of ash (Fraxinus spp.) occurring in Minnesota, Ohio, New York, and Illinois. The virus was initially identified in white ash in Minnesota and named white ash mosaic virus (WAMV), but also occurred naturally in green, black, and blue ash. The virus was transmitted readily by mechanical inoculation and was determined to be the causal agent of the disease. It infected only ash, and was not transmitted through seed or by Myzus persicae. The virus has a ssRNA genome of approximately 9.0 kb and a capsid protein of ∼34 kDa based on electrophoretic analysis. One partial and five complete putative ORFs most similar in size, arrangement, and amino acid sequence to the corresponding genomic regions of flexiviruses were identified in a 5227 nt 3′ terminal fragment of the WAMV genome (GenBank accession no. GU906791.1). However, the relatively low levels (27-59%) of amino acid sequence identity suggests that WAMV is not related closely to any known member of the family Flexiviridae. White ash mosaic virus was identified in Minnesota in black ash trees showing symptoms of ash decline, a syndrome of wide occurrence and possible multiple etiology. Antibody and PCR-based protocols were developed for reliable detection of WAMV in ash and will be made available upon request. Accepted for publication 3 January 2012. Published 9 May 2013.

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