scholarly journals Effect of Wound Position, Auxin, and Agrobacterium vitis Strain F2/5 on Wound Healing and Crown Gall in Grapevine

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Creasap ◽  
C. L. Reid ◽  
M. C. Goffinet ◽  
R. Aloni ◽  
C. Ullrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Control Strain ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis ◽  
Crown Gall Disease ◽  
Normal Wound Healing

Agrobacterium vitis is the causal agent of crown gall disease in grapevine, which can be severe in many regions worldwide. Vitis vinifera cultivars are highly susceptible to freeze injury, providing the wounds necessary for infection by A. vitis. Wound position in relation to the uppermost bud of cuttings was determined to be important in tumor development. Inoculated wounds below buds developed tumors, whereas wounds opposite the bud did not, implying that indole-3-aectic acid flow contributes to tumor formation. If auxin was applied to wounds prior to inoculation with a tumorigenic A. vitis strain, all sites of inoculation developed tumors, accompanied by an increased amount of callus in the cambium. Wounds inoculated with an A. vitis biological control strain F2/5 prior to application of the pathogen did not develop galls. A closer examination of these wounds determined that callus cells formed in the cambium during wound healing are susceptible to transformation by the pathogen. Although the mechanism by which F2/5 prevents transformation is unknown, our observations suggest that F2/5 inhibits normal wound healing by inducing necrosis in the cambium.

scholarly journals Construction of a Range of Derivatives of the Biological Control Strain Agrobacterium rhizogenes K84: a Study of Factors Involved in Biological Control of Crown Gall Disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 3977-3982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. McClure ◽  
Ali-Reza Ahmadi ◽  
Bruce G. Clare
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Strain ◽  
Crown Gall Disease ◽  
Derivatives Of

ABSTRACT The biological control strain Agrobacterium rhizogenesK84 is an effective agent in the control of Agrobacteriumpathogens, the causative agents of crown gall disease. A number of factors are thought to play a role in the control process, including production of the specific agrocins 84 and 434, which differ in the spectra of pathogenic strains that they inhibit in vitro. A range of derivatives of strain K84 has been developed with every combination of the three resident plasmids, pAgK84, pAgK434, and pAtK84b, including a plasmid-free strain. These derivatives produced either both, one, or neither of the characterized agrocins 84 and 434 and were isolated by plasmid curing, conjugation, and Tn5 transposon mutagenesis. The ability of the derivative strains to inhibit gall formation on almond roots was compared to that of the wild-type K84 parent. Treatment with the plasmid-free derivative did not result in a significant level of control of an A. rhizogenes pathogen based on numbers or dry weight of galls formed on injured almond roots. The presence of plasmid pAgK84, pAgK434, or pAtK84b significantly enhanced the biological control efficacy of K84 derivatives, and the highest level of control was observed with strains harboring two or more plasmids. The results observed with strains deficient in agrocin 434 production suggest that this product may play an important role in the biological control of A. rhizogenes pathogens. The involvement of plasmid pAgK84b in biological control has not previously been reported. This study supports the conclusion that multiple factors are involved in the success of strain K84 as a biological control agent.

scholarly journals Comparative study of diagnostic methods used for monitoring of common grape vine (Vitis vinifera L.) crown gall (Agrobacterium vitis Ophel & Kerr) in Slovenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janja LAMOVŠEK ◽  
Igor ZIDARIČ ◽  
Irena MAVRIČ PLEŠKO ◽  
Gregor UREK ◽  
Stanislav TRDAN
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Grape Vine ◽  
Crown Gall Disease ◽  
Pcr Method

Agrobacterium vitis causes common grape vine (Vitis vinifera L.) crown gall disease that destroyed a lot of Slovenian vineyards more than a decade ago. Eighty isolates of Agrobacterium spp. collected during monitoring in 2006 were identified as A. vitis and A. tumefacies by pehA and multiplex PCR method. Tumor-inducing capacity of these strains was assessed on test plants and with PCR methods for detection of the Ti plasmid responsible for tumor induction. With VCF3/VCR3 primer pair six false negatives and no false positives were detected. The high genetic diversity of pathogenic Agrobacterium spp. strains affects the performance of molecular methods, thus biological test should be performed where results from molecular methods are doubtful.

scholarly journals Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) Crown Galls Host Distinct Microbiota

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (18) ◽  
pp. 5542-5552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Faist ◽  
Alexander Keller ◽  
Ute Hentschel ◽  
Rosalia Deeken
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis ◽  
Graft Union ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Crown Gall Tumor ◽  
Crown Gall Disease ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria

ABSTRACTCrown gall disease of grapevine is caused by virulentAgrobacteriumstrains and establishes a suitable habitat for agrobacteria and, potentially, other bacteria. The microbial community associated with grapevine plants has not been investigated with respect to this disease, which frequently results in monetary losses. This study compares the endophytic microbiota of organs from grapevine plants with or without crown gall disease and the surrounding vineyard soil over the growing seasons of 1 year. Amplicon-based community profiling revealed that the dominating factor causing differences between the grapevine microbiota is the sample site, not the crown gall disease. The soil showed the highest microbial diversity, which decreased with the distance from the soil over the root and the graft union of the trunk to the cane. Only the graft union microbiota was significantly affected by crown gall disease. The bacterial community of graft unions without a crown gall hosted transient microbiota, with the three most abundant bacterial species changing from season to season. In contrast, graft unions with a crown gall had a higher species richness, which in every season was dominated by the same three bacteria (Pseudomonassp.,Enterobacteriaceaesp., andAgrobacterium vitis). Forin vitro-cultivated grapevine plantlets,A. vitisinfection alone was sufficient to cause crown gall disease. Our data show that microbiota in crown galls is more stable over time than microbiota in healthy graft unions and that the microbial community is not essential for crown gall disease outbreak.IMPORTANCEThe characterization of bacterial populations in animal and human diseases using high-throughput deep-sequencing technologies, such as 16S amplicon sequencing, will ideally result in the identification of disease-specific microbiota. We analyzed the microbiota of the crown gall disease of grapevine, which is caused by infection with the bacterial pathogenAgrobacterium vitis.All otherAgrobacteriumspecies were found to be avirulent, even though they lived together withA. vitisin the same crown gall tumor. As has been reported for human cancer, the crown gall tumor also hosted opportunistic bacteria that are adapted to the tumor microenvironment. Characterization of the microbiota in various diseases using amplicon sequencing may help in early diagnosis, to serve as a preventative measure of disease in the future.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Grape Crown Gall by Rahnella aquatilis HX2

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 957-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Chen ◽  
Y. B. Guo ◽  
J. H. Wang ◽  
J. Y. Li ◽  
H. M. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis ◽  
Rahnella Aquatilis ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Significant Difference

Crown gall induced by Agrobacterium vitis is a worldwide plant disease in grape-growing regions. Rahnella aquatilis HX2, a new isolate from vineyard soil in Beijing, showed a significant inhibition effect on the development of crown galls in grapevines. In field trials, immersion of the basal ends of grape cuttings with HX2 cell suspension inhibited or completely prevented crown gall formation caused by A. vitis K308 in the roots of the plants from the cuttings. The 3-year average disease incidence in grape plants treated with HX2 was 30.8% compared to 93.5% in plants without HX2. The culture supernatant of HX2 exhibited a stronger inhibition effect on disease development than did the cell suspension. HX2 could be found in the grape rhizosphere, grown under field conditions, for up to 90 days after inoculation. There was no significant difference in the mean population sizes of root microflora between plants treated and not treated with HX2. The inhibition effect of HX2 on crown gall in sunflower, caused by different agrobacterial strains, varied between 30.7 and 100%, depending on strains. Our results showed that Rahnella aquatilis HX2 may be used as a biological control agent for crown gall disease of grapes.

Screening of endophytic bacteria isolated from domesticated and wild growing grapevines as potential biological control agents against crown gall disease

BioControl ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Asghari ◽  
Behrouz Harighi ◽  
Ali Akbar Mozafari ◽  
Qassim Esmaeel ◽  
Essaid Ait Barka
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Crown Gall Disease
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