scholarly journals A Conceptual Framework for the Core Concept of Mass Balance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold I. Modell ◽  
Joel A. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core

scholarly journals Validating The Core Concept Of “Mass Balance”

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
Harold Modell
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mass Balance Equation ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
The Core ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Fundamental Mass

We have created a conceptual framework for the core concept of “mass balance.” Unlike the previous conceptual frameworks that we have created and validated, the framework for “mass balance” is simply a description in words of the fundamental mass balance equation and the implications of the equation. We surveyed physiology faculty and asked them to rate the importance of “mass balance” as defined by the conceptual framework and also to rate the importance for their students of being able to apply the core concept to liquids, gases, solutes, and solids. Respondents indicated that “mass balance” is important and that our conceptual framework provides a useful tool for teaching and learning. We discuss several examples of how “mass balance” can be used in making sense about a variety of physiological phenomena.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Framework for the Core Concept of Cell‐Cell Communications

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
William Cliff ◽  
Jenny McFarland ◽  
Ann Wright ◽  
Harold Modell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cell Cell

Misresponse to Survey Questions: A Conceptual Framework and Empirical Test of the Effects of Reversals, Negations, and Polar Opposite Core Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Baumgartner ◽  
Bert Weijters ◽  
Rik Pieters
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Underlying Process ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Item Responses ◽  
Polar Opposite

The authors propose a conceptual framework of misresponse to multi-item scales in surveys in which misresponse to items that are reversed relative to other items (reversal misresponse) is differentiated from misresponse to items that are negated (negation misresponse) and from misresponse to items whose core concept is the opposite of the core concept in regular items (polar opposite misresponse). The framework specifies two broad mechanisms to account for the three forms of misresponse: lack of motivation to process items in detail (“inattention”) and lack of ability to comprehend items accurately (“difficulty”). The authors propose a procedure to identify potential misresponse effects on the observed item responses and factor loadings, and they report two empirical studies to test the framework; the second study uses eye movement recordings to examine the underlying process. The findings reveal that polar opposite, reversed, and negated items contribute to misresponse to varying degrees and that difficulty rather than inattention may be a more potent cause of misresponse in surveys than has traditionally been acknowledged.

scholarly journals A conceptual framework for the core concept of “cell membrane”

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
Harold Modell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Institutional Types ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Main Ideas

We have created and validated a conceptual framework for the core physiology concept of “cell membrane.” The conceptual framework is composed of 27 items arranged in a hierarchy that is, in some instances, four levels deep. We have validated it with input from faculty who teach at a wide variety of institutional types. All items making up the framework were deemed essential to moderately important. However, some of the main ideas were clearly judged to be more important than others. Furthermore, the lower in the hierarchy an item is located, the less important it is thought to be. Finally, there was no significant difference in the ratings given by faculty at different types of institutions.

Validating a conceptual framework for the core concept of “cell-cell communication”

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Michael ◽  
Patricia Martinkova ◽  
Jenny McFarland ◽  
Ann Wright ◽  
William Cliff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Institutional Types ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Cell Cell

We have created and validated a conceptual framework for the core physiology concept of “cell-cell communication.” The conceptual framework is composed of 51 items arranged in a hierarchy that is, in some instances, four levels deep. We have validated it with input from faculty who teach at a wide variety of institutional types. All items making up the framework were deemed essential to moderately important. However, some of the main ideas were clearly judged to be more important than others. Furthermore, the lower in the hierarchy an item is, the less important it is thought to be. Finally, there was no significant difference in the ratings given by faculty at different types of institutions.

The Intersection of Security and Justice in Global Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Durch ◽  
Joris Larik ◽  
Richard Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Personal Community

Security and justice are both essential elements in humanity’s quest not only to survive but to thrive with dignity; neither is sustainable alone. Security is merely the appearance of order in a framework of structural violence unless tempered or leavened by concepts of justice that include human rights, human dignity, and other normative limits on the use of power. The pursuit of justice, whether at the personal, community, national, or international level can be crippled if not matched, in turn, by means to sustain security at each level. This complementarity of security and justice—despite their inherent tensions—is the core conceptual framework of the book. Achieving “just security,” we argue, is essential to the success of any global governance enterprise or architecture.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Tallberg ◽  
Karin Bäckstrand ◽  
Jan Aart Scholte
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Governance Institutions

Legitimacy is central for the capacity of global governance institutions to address problems such as climate change, trade protectionism, and human rights abuses. However, despite legitimacy’s importance for global governance, its workings remain poorly understood. That is the core concern of this volume, which engages with the overarching question: whether, why, how, and with what consequences global governance institutions gain, sustain, and lose legitimacy. This introductory chapter explains the rationale of the book, introduces its conceptual framework, reviews existing literature, and presents the key themes of the volume. It emphasizes in particular the volume’s sociological approach to legitimacy in global governance, its comparative scope, and its comprehensive treatment of the topic. Moreover, a specific effort is made to explain how each chapter moves beyond existing research in exploring the book’s three themes: (1) sources of legitimacy, (2) processes of legitimation and delegitimation, and (3) consequences of legitimacy.

scholarly journals Research on Blockchain-Based E-Bidding System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4011
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Jindong Zhao ◽  
Chunxiao Mu
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Graph Isomorphism ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Bidding Process

In the field of modern bidding, electronic bidding leads a new trend of development, convenience and efficiency and other significant advantages effectively promote the reform and innovation of China’s bidding field. Nowadays, most systems require a strong and trusted third party to guarantee the integrity and security of the system. However, with the development of blockchain technology and the rise of privacy protection, researchers has begun to emphasize the core concept of decentralization. This paper introduces a decentralized electronic bidding system based on blockchain and smart contract. The system uses blockchain to replace the traditional database and uses chaincode to process business logic. In data interaction, encryption techniques such as zero-knowledge proof based on graph isomorphism are used to improve privacy protection, which improves the anonymity of participants, the privacy of data transmission, and the traceability and verifiable of data. Compared with other electronic bidding systems, this system is more secure and efficient, and has the nature of anonymous operation, which fully protects the privacy information in the bidding process.

scholarly journals CASTING THE LIGHT OF THE THEORY OF OPPOSITION ONTO HOHFELD'S FUNDAMENTAL LEGAL CONCEPTS

Legal Theory ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
João Alberto de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Cristine Griffo ◽  
João Paulo A. Almeida ◽  
Giancarlo Guizzardi ◽  
Marcio Iorio Aranha
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Law ◽  
Opposition Theory ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Number Of Authors

Abstract At the core of Hohfeld's contribution to legal theory is a conceptual framework for the analysis of the legal positions occupied by agents in intersubjective legal relations. Hohfeld presented a system of eight “fundamental” concepts relying on notions of opposition and correlation. Throughout the years, a number of authors have followed Hohfeld in applying the notion of opposition to analyze legal concepts. Many of these authors have accounted for Hohfeld's theory in direct analogy with the standard deontic hexagon. This paper reviews some of these accounts and extends them employing recent developments from opposition theory. In particular, we are able to extend application of opposition theory to an open conception of the law. We also account for the implications of abandoning the assumption of conflict-freedom and admitting seemingly conflicting legal positions. This enables a fuller analysis of Hohfeld's conceptual analytical framework. We also offer a novel analysis of Hohfeld's power positions.

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