scholarly journals Potential Role of PDE3B in Acquisition of Brown Fat Characteristic by White Adipose Tissue in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Guirguis ◽  
Steven Hockman ◽  
Vincent Manganiello
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Brown Fat

Cytoplasmic p16 Is Expressed in Normal Brown Fat and Hibernomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-501
Author(s):  
Georgia Karpathiou ◽  
Jean Marc Dumollard ◽  
Zoe Evangelou ◽  
Anna Batistatou ◽  
Michel Peoc’h ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
P16 Expression ◽  
Tissue Browning

White adipose tissue browning has emerged as a putative therapy of obesity, and studies in mice have shown that Cdkn2a is implicated in white-to-brown transition. However, the role of Cdkn2a product p16 has been never studied in human brown fat tissue. The aim of the study is to investigate the expression of p16 in normal brown fat and in hibernoma, a lipoma containing brown fat-like adipocytes. Ten normal brown fat tissues and 5 hibernomas were immunohistochemically studied for p16 expression. Nearby white adipose tissue was used for comparison. All brown fat and hibernomas specimens express p16 in a cytoplasmic manner. Neighboring white adipose tissue is negative for p16 expression. Thus, cytoplasmic p16 may be associated with fat tissue browning.

scholarly journals Acinetobacter baumanniiLipopolysaccharide Influences Adipokine Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Unno ◽  
Yoshinori Sato ◽  
Satoshi Nishida ◽  
Akiyo Nakano ◽  
Ryuichi Nakano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adipocyte Cell

Acinetobacter baumanniiis one of the most important nosocomial opportunistic pathogen worldwide. In addition, obesity has been associated with an increased risk of nosocomial infection, suggesting that there may be an association betweenA. baumanniiand white adipose tissue. However, the effects ofA. baumanniion adipocytes have not been well studied at the molecular level. Here, we investigated the potential role ofA. baumannii-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as signaling molecules that affect adipocyte functionality. We tested the effect of increasing concentrations ofA. baumannii-derived LPS (10, 100, or 1000 ng/mL) on the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cell line. Exposure to LPS was found to increase the expression of several adipokines (e.g., MIP-2, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, lipocalin-2, and FABP4) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and significantly reduced the expression of leptin and adiponectin. The effects ofA. baumannii-derived LPS on MIP-2 expression were similar in comparison with that of LPS prepared fromPseudomonas aeruginosaandEscherichia coliin our cell culture-based system. This study suggests thatA. baumannii-derived LPS functions as a signaling molecule that impacts the inflammatory function of white adipose tissue on the level of gene expression.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation and Treg/Th17 Imbalance in the Impaired Glucose Metabolism of Children with Obesity

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 554
Author(s):  
Stefania Croce ◽  
Maria Antonietta Avanzini ◽  
Corrado Regalbuto ◽  
Erika Cordaro ◽  
Federica Vinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Immune Monitoring ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Impaired Glucose Metabolism ◽  
T Cell Infiltration

In the last few decades, obesity has increased dramatically in pediatric patients. Obesity is a chronic disease correlated with systemic inflammation, characterized by the presence of CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration and modified immune response, which contributes to the development of obesity related diseases and metabolic disorders, including impaired glucose metabolism. In particular, Treg and Th17 cells are dynamically balanced under healthy conditions, but imbalance occurs in inflammatory and pathological states, such as obesity. Some studies demonstrated that peripheral Treg and Th17 cells exhibit increased imbalance with worsening of glucose metabolic dysfunction, already in children with obesity. In this review, we considered the role of adipose tissue immunomodulation and the potential role played by Treg/T17 imbalance on the impaired glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. In the patient care, immune monitoring could play an important role to define preventive strategies of pediatric metabolic disease treatments.

scholarly journals Emerging Roles for Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Prostate Cancer Malignant Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5560
Author(s):  
Alejandro Álvarez-Artime ◽  
Belén García-Soler ◽  
Rosa María Sainz ◽  
Juan Carlos Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Endocrine Organs

In addition to its well-known role as an energy repository, adipose tissue is one of the largest endocrine organs in the organism due to its ability to synthesize and release different bioactive molecules. Two main types of adipose tissue have been described, namely white adipose tissue (WAT) with a classical energy storage function, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) with thermogenic activity. The prostate, an exocrine gland present in the reproductive system of most mammals, is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) that contributes to maintaining glandular homeostasis in conjunction with other cell types of the microenvironment. In pathological conditions such as the development and progression of prostate cancer, adipose tissue plays a key role through paracrine and endocrine signaling. In this context, the role of WAT has been thoroughly studied. However, the influence of BAT on prostate tumor development and progression is unclear and has received much less attention. This review tries to bring an update on the role of different factors released by WAT which may participate in the initiation, progression and metastasis, as well as to compile the available information on BAT to discuss and open a new field of knowledge about the possible protective role of BAT in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Interactive effects of aging and aerobic capacity on energy metabolism–related metabolites of serum, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue

GeroScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haihui Zhuang ◽  
Sira Karvinen ◽  
Timo Törmäkangas ◽  
Xiaobo Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Ojanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Metabolism

AbstractAerobic capacity is a strong predictor of longevity. With aging, aerobic capacity decreases concomitantly with changes in whole body metabolism leading to increased disease risk. To address the role of aerobic capacity, aging, and their interaction on metabolism, we utilized rat models selectively bred for low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity (LCRs/HCRs) and compared the metabolomics of serum, muscle, and white adipose tissue (WAT) at two time points: Young rats were sacrificed at 9 months of age, and old rats were sacrificed at 21 months of age. Targeted and semi-quantitative metabolomics analysis was performed on the ultra-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) platform. The effects of aerobic capacity, aging, and their interaction were studied via regression analysis. Our results showed that high aerobic capacity is associated with an accumulation of isovalerylcarnitine in muscle and serum at rest, which is likely due to more efficient leucine catabolism in muscle. With aging, several amino acids were downregulated in muscle, indicating more efficient amino acid metabolism, whereas in WAT less efficient amino acid metabolism and decreased mitochondrial β-oxidation were observed. Our results further revealed that high aerobic capacity and aging interactively affect lipid metabolism in muscle and WAT, possibly combating unfavorable aging-related changes in whole body metabolism. Our results highlight the significant role of WAT metabolism for healthy aging.

scholarly journals Functional Interactomes of Genes Showing Association with Type-2 Diabetes and Its Intermediate Phenotypic Traits Point towards Adipo-Centric Mechanisms in Its Pathophysiology

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Aditya Saxena ◽  
Nitin Wahi ◽  
Anshul Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Antidiabetic Treatment

The pathogenic mechanisms causing type 2 diabetes (T2D) are still poorly understood; a greater awareness of its causation can lead to the development of newer and better antidiabetic drugs. In this study, we used a network-based approach to assess the cellular processes associated with protein–protein interaction subnetworks of glycemic traits—HOMA-β and HOMA-IR. Their subnetworks were further analyzed in terms of their overlap with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pancreatic, muscle, and adipose tissue in diabetics. We found several DEGs in these tissues showing an overlap with the HOMA-β subnetwork, suggesting a role of these tissues in β-cell failure. Many genes in the HOMA-IR subnetwork too showed an overlap with the HOMA-β subnetwork. For understanding the functional theme of these subnetworks, a pathway-to-pathway complementary network analysis was done, which identified various adipose biology-related pathways, containing genes involved in both insulin secretion and action. In conclusion, network analysis of genes showing an association between T2D and its intermediate phenotypic traits suggests their potential role in beta cell failure. These genes enriched the adipo-centric pathways and were expressed in both pancreatic and adipose tissue and, therefore, might be one of the potential targets for future antidiabetic treatment.

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