Maternal low protein diet leads to dysregulation of placental iNKT cells and M1/M2 macrophage ratio, body weight loss in male, neonate Sprague‐Dawley rats and increased UCP‐1 mediated thermogenesis

ABSTRACT Background Dietary frying oil may have endocrine-disrupting effects, as a feminization effect was observed in cohorts of C57BL/6J male mice fetuses from dams consuming oxidized frying oil (OFO) during pregnancy. Objective The aim of present study was to test the hypothesis that OFO is an anti-androgen. Methods In experiment 1, male progeny of Sprague Dawley female rats fed fresh oil or an OFO diet (10 g fat/100 g, from fresh or 24-h–fried soybean oil; [control diet (C) and OFO groups, respectively] from midgestation through lactation were studied. Pups were weaned at 3 wk of age and then consumed their mothers’ diet until 9 wk of age. In addition, a group of dams and pups that consumed a high-fat diet (HF; 10 g fried and 20 g fresh soybean oil/100 g) was included to counteract body-weight loss associated with OFO ingestion. Indices of male reproductive development and testosterone homeostasis were measured. In experiment 2, male rats were allocated to C and OFO groups (treated as above) and indices of male fertility compared at 9–10 wk of age. Results In experiment 1, final body weights of the HF group were lower (17%) than the C group but higher (14%) than the OFO group (P < 0.0001 for each). In addition to abnormalities in seminiferous tubules, HF and OFO groups did not differ from one another, but, compared with the C group, had delayed preputial separation (4.9 d) and reductions in serum testosterone concentrations (17–74%), anogenital distance (8–20%), weights of androgen-dependent tissues (8–30%), testicular testosterone and cholesterol concentrations (30–40%), and mRNA levels of genes involved in steroidogenesis and cholesterol homeostasis (30–70%). In experiment 2, OFO-exposed males had 20% lower sperm motility (P < 0.05); however, when mated to normal females, pregnancy rates and litter sizes did not differ between OFO and C groups. Conclusions The anti-androgenic effect of OFO in Sprague Dawley rats was attributed to decreased testicular concentrations of cholesterol (testosterone precursor) and not body-weight loss.

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Daily CCK injection enhances reduction of body weight by chronic intracerebroventricular leptin infusion

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00080.2001 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 282 (5) ◽

pp. R1368-R1373 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Claire A. Matson ◽

Dana F. Reid ◽

Robert C. Ritter

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Daily Injection ◽

Bolus Administration ◽

Sucrose Intake ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Main Effect ◽

Daily Intraperitoneal Injection

In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a single daily injection of the gut peptide CCK, together with continuous leptin infusion, would produce significantly greater loss of body weight than leptin alone. We found that a single daily intraperitoneal injection of CCK-8 (0.5 μg/kg) significantly enhanced the weight-reducing effects of 0.5 μg/day leptin infused continuously into the lateral ventricle of male Sprague-Dawley rats by osmotic minipump. However, CCK and leptin together did not enhance reduction of daily chow intake. Furthermore, there was no synergistic reduction of 30-min sucrose intake, although a significant main effect of both leptin and CCK was observed on sucrose intake. These results 1) confirm our previous reports of synergy between leptin and CCK on body weight, 2) demonstrate that enhancement of leptin-induced weight loss does not require bolus administration of leptin, and 3) suggest that enhanced body weight loss following leptin and CCK does not require synergistic reduction of food intake by leptin and CCK.

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Body weight loss, effective satiation and absence of homeostatic neuropeptide compensation in male Sprague Dawley rats schedule fed a protein crosslinked diet

Appetite ◽

10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.029 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 234-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nikki Cassie ◽

Richard L. Anderson ◽

Dana Wilson ◽

Anne Pawsey ◽

Julian G. Mercer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Body Weight Loss ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Plasma proteins in growing analbuminaemic rats fed on a diet of low-protein content

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19890138 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 485-494 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. A. Joles ◽

E. H. J. M. Jansen ◽

C. A. Laan ◽

N. Willekes-Koolschijn ◽

W. Kortlandt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Osmotic Pressure ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Extracellular Fluid ◽

Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Plasma Protein Concentration ◽

Low Protein

1. Analbuminaemic and Sprague-Dawley (control) rats were fed on low- (60 g/kg) protein and control (200 g protein/kg) dietsad lib.from weaning. Males and females were studied separately. Body-weight and plasma protein concentrations were determined at 10 d intervals from 25 to 75 d of age. Electrophoresis of plasma proteins was performed in samples from day 75. Extracellular fluid volume was measured at 10 d intervals from day 45 onwards. Colloid osmotic pressure was measured in plasma and interstitial fluid (wick technique) at the start and end of the trial.2. Body-weight increased much less on the low-protein diet than on the normal diet in both strains and sexes. The growth retardation was slightly more pronounced in the male analbuminaemic rats than in the male Sprague-Dawley controls.3. Plasma protein concentration increased during normal growth in all groups, particularly in the female analbuminaemic rats. This increase was reduced by the 60 g protein/kg diet in all groups, with the exception of the male analbuminaemic rats.4. Differences in plasma colloid osmotic pressure were similar to those seen in plasma protein concentration. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure was higher in the control rats than in the analbuminaemic ones. The interstitial colloid osmotic pressure increased during growth in the control but not in the analbuminaemic rats. The difference in interstitial colloid osmotic pressure between the strains was maintained during low-protein intake, but at a lower level than during normal protein intake.5. Subtracting interstitial from plasma colloid osmotic pressure, resulted in a rather similar transcapillary oncotic gradient in the various groups at 75 d, both on the control protein diet (11–14 mmHg), and on the lowprotein diet (9–11 mmHg).6. All protein fractions were reduced to a similar extent by the low-protein diet in the control rats, whereas in the analbuminaemic rats protein fractions produced in the liver were more severely depressed.7. Extracellular fluid volume as a percentage of body-weight was similar in all groups, and decreased with increasing age.8. In conclusion, the analbuminaemic rats were able to maintain the transcapillary oncotic gradient on both diets by reducing the interstitial colloid osmotic pressure. Oedema was not observed.9. Despite the absence of albumin, the protein-malnourished analbuminaemic rat is no more susceptible to hypoproteinaemia and oedema than its normal counterpart.

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DOMINANT EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTED-SUCROSE ON THE LOW PROTEIN DIET-INDUCED INCREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE OF SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension ◽

10.1081/ceh-100106827 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 569-578

Author(s):

Michiyo Endoh ◽

Asako Kunieda ◽

Takashi Yoneyama ◽

Kazuhisa Ohishi ◽

Akira Hishida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Dominant Effect ◽

Low Protein ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Maternal low protein diet leads to placental angiogenic compensation via dysregulated M1/M2 macrophages and TNFα expression in Sprague‐Dawley rats

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1169.8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Emilie E Vomhof‐Dekrey ◽

James N Roemmich ◽

Kate J Claycombe

Keyword(s):

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

M2 Macrophages ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Low Protein ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Maternal Low Protein Diet Reduces Birth Weight And Increases Brown Adipose Tissue UCP‐1 and FNDC5 Gene Expression in Male Neonatal Sprague‐Dawley Rats

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.749.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Kate Claycombe ◽

Emilie Vomhof‐DeKrey ◽

James Roemmich ◽

Turk Rhen ◽

Othman Ghribi

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Low Protein ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Brown Adipose

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A Maternal Low-protein Diet during Gestation Induces Hepatic Autophagy-related Gene Expression in a Sex-specific Manner in Sprague-Dawley Rats

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521003639 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-29

Author(s):

Mingzhu Cai ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Hong Chen ◽

Yuan-Xiang Pan

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Control Diet ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Related Gene ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Low Protein ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract This study investigates the mechanism by which maternal protein restriction induces hepatic autophagy-related gene expression in the offspring of rats. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a control diet (C, 18% energy from protein) or a low-protein diet (LP, 8.5% energy from protein) during gestation, followed by the control diet during lactation and post-weaning. Liver tissue was collected from the offspring at postnatal day 38 and divided into four groups according to sex and maternal diet (F-C, F-LP, M-C, and M-LP) for further analysis. Autophagy-related mRNA and protein levels were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was performed to investigate the interactions between transcription factors and autophagy-related genes. Protein levels of p-eIF2a and ATF4 were increased only in the female offspring born to dams fed the LP diet. Correlatively, the mRNA expression of hepatic autophagy-related genes including Map1lc3b, P62/Sqstm1, Becn1, Atg3, Atg7, and Atg10 was significantly greater in the F-LP group than in the F-C group. Furthermore, ChIP results showed greater ATF4 and C/EBP homology protein (CHOP) binding at the regions of a set of autophagy-related genes in the F-LP group than in the F-C group. Our data demonstrated that a maternal LP diet transcriptionally programmed hepatic autophagy-related gene expression only in female rat offspring. This transcriptional program involved the activation of the eIF2α/ATF4 pathway and intricate regulation by transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP.

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Prevention of stress-induced weight loss by third ventricle CRF receptor antagonist

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.5.r1461 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 276 (5) ◽

pp. R1461-R1468 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Gennady N. Smagin ◽

Leigh Anne Howell ◽

Stephen Redmann ◽

Donna H. Ryan ◽

Ruth B. S. Harris

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Third Ventricle ◽

Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Sustained Reduction ◽

Acute Responses

We previously reported that rats exposed to repeated restraint (3 h/day for 3 days) experience temporary hypophagia and a sustained reduction in body weight compared with nonrestrained controls. Studies described here determined the involvement of central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors in the initiation of this chronic response to acute stress. In experiment 1, Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted with cannulas in the lateral ventricle and infused with 50 μg of αhCRF-(9—41) or saline immediately before restraint on each of the 3 days of restraint. The receptor antagonist inhibited hypophagia and weight loss on day 1 of restraint but not on days 2 and 3. In experiment 2, 10 μg of αhCRF-(9—41) or saline were infused into the third ventricle immediately before each restraint. The receptor antagonist totally blocked stress-induced hypophagia and weight loss. These results demonstrate that CRF receptors located in or near the hypothalamus mediate the acute responses to stress that lead to a permanent change in the hormonal or metabolic processes that determine body weight and body composition.

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