COCOA CONSUMPTION EFFECTS ON BLOOD PRESSURE, OXIDATIVE STRESS, METABOLIC PROFILE AND BIOMARKERS OF INFLAMMATION AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH STAGE 1 HYPERTENSION

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e28
Author(s):  
L. Nogueira ◽  
M. Knibel ◽  
D. Valença ◽  
M. Rodrigues ◽  
J. Nogueira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract 466: Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Its Association With Endothelial Function, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Metabolic Profile, Blood Pressure And Sympathetic Activity In Obese Individuals

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciene S Araújo ◽  
Julia F Fernandes ◽  
Debora C Valença ◽  
Maria de Lourdes G Rodrigues ◽  
Nathalia F Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hs Crp

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Several of the proposed mechanisms for the development of CVD in OSA are similar to those proposed for the increased risk of CVD in obesity, being difficult to determine the influence of OSA on these pathogenic mechanisms in obese individuals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of OSA with endothelial function, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, metabolic profile, sympathetic nervous system activity and blood pressure (BP) in obese individuals. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, were included 53 obese adults (28 women). Sleep study was performed with Watch-PAT200® and the diagnosis of OSA was made when apnea-hipopnea index (AHI) ≥5 events/h (n=33). All participants underwent evaluation of: body adiposity, BP, plasma catecholamines, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), adiponectin, malondialdehyde, glucose, insulin, lipid profile and endothelial function (Endo-PAT 2000®). Results: Mean age (39.6 ± 1.5 vs. 32.5 ± 2.1y) and percentage of male participants (61% vs. 25%) were significantly higher in participants with OSA than in those without OSA (p=0.01). In univariate analysis participants with OSA compared with those without OSA exhibited higher values of neck circumference (40.98 ± 0.63 vs. 38.65 ± 0.75 cm, p=0.02), glucose (92.54 ± 1.97 vs. 80.2 ± 1.92 mg/dL, p=0.0001), noradrenaline (0.16±0.02 vs. 0.12±0.03 ng/mL, p=0.02) and systolic BP (126.05 ± 1.61 vs. 118.16 ± 1.86 mmHg, p=0.003). After adjustment for confounders, only glucose and hs-CRP were significantly higher in OSA patients. In correlation analysis, after controlling for confounders, AHI was associated with neck circumference (r=0.31,p=0.03) and hs-CRP (r=0.30,p=0.04), while minimum O2 saturation was associated with neck circumference (r=-0.31,p=0.03), insulin (r=-0.29,p=0.04) and HOMA-IR (r=-0.30,p=0.04). Conclusion: The present study suggests that in obese individuals OSA is associated with inflammation and worse glycemia; higher AHI correlates with increased central adiposity and inflammation; and lower oxygen saturation is related with insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Novel Soy Germ Pasta Improves Endothelial Function, Blood Pressure, and Oxidative Stress in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Figure 1

Diabetes Care ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1946-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Clerici ◽  
Elisabetta Nardi ◽  
Pier Maria Battezzati ◽  
Stefania Asciutti ◽  
Danilo Castellani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Nebivolol in High-Risk, Obese African Americans With Stage 1 Hypertension: Effects on Blood Pressure, Vascular Compliance, and Endothelial Function

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadya Merchant ◽  
Charles D. Searles ◽  
Anbu Pandian ◽  
Syed T. Rahman ◽  
Keith C. Ferdinand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Risk ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Stage 1

Lack of effect of oral vitamin C on blood pressure, oxidative stress and endothelial function in Type II diabetes

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. DARKO ◽  
A. DORNHORST ◽  
F.J. KELLY ◽  
J.M. RITTER ◽  
P.J. CHOWIENCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Oral Vitamin

Type II diabetes is characterized by increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. We investigated whether short-term treatment with oral vitamin C reduces oxidative stress and improves endothelial function and blood pressure in subjects with Type II diabetes. Subjects (n = 35) received vitamin C (1.5g daily in three doses) or matching placebo for 3 weeks in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design. Plasma concentrations of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α), a non-enzymically derived oxidation product of arachidonic acid, were used as a marker of oxidative stress. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring forearm blood flow responses to brachial artery infusion of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (with nitroprusside as an endothelium-independent control) and by the pulse wave responses to systemic albuterol (endothelium-dependent vasodilator) and glyceryl trinitrate (endothelium-independent vasodilator). Plasma concentrations of vitamin C increased from 58±6 to 122±10μmol/l after vitamin C, but 8-epi-PGF2α levels (baseline, 95±4pg/l; after treatment, 99±5pg/l), blood pressure (baseline, 141±5/80±2mmHg; after treatment, 141±5/81±3mmHg) and endothelial function, as assessed by the systemic vasodilator response to albuterol and by the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine, were not significantly different from baseline or placebo. Thus treatment with vitamin C (1.5 g daily) for 3 weeks does not significantly improve oxidative stress, blood pressure or endothelial function in patients with Type II diabetes.

Abstract 461: Effects Of Energy Restriction On Sleep Apnea, Blood Pressure, Sympathetic Activity, Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Biomarkers, Endothelial Function And Metabolic Profile In Obese Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia F Fernandes ◽  
Luciene S Araújo ◽  
Maria de Lourdes G Rodrigues ◽  
Debora C Valença ◽  
José Firmino N Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Moderate Energy

Introduction: Weight loss is one of the treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with excess body adiposity. However, the effects of moderate energy restriction on OSA are not known. Objective: To evaluate the effects of moderate energy restriction on severity of OSA, blood pressure (BP), sympathetic activity, oxidative stress, inflammation, body adiposity, metabolic profile and endothelial function in obese patients with OSA. Methods: A 16-week randomized clinical trial, involving 21 obese subjects aged 20-55y with apnea/hipopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 events/h. Subjects were randomized in 2 groups: 11 in energy restriction group (ERG) and 10 in control group (CG). ERG was instructed to follow an energy-restricted diet (-800 kcal/day) and CG was advised not to change food intake. At the beginning and at the end of the study, participants underwent evaluation of: OSA with Watch- PAT200® including the determination of OSA severity parameters, body adiposity, BP, plasma catecholamines, c-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, malondialdehyde, metabolism of glucose, lipid profile and endothelial function (Endo PAT 2000®). Results: ERG, compared to CG, presented significantly greater reduction in body weight (-5.6±1.8 vs. 0.4±1.2kg, p<0.001) and in all parameters of body adiposity; AHI (-7.2±2.8 vs. 0.1±1.9 events/h, p=0.04); number of O2 desaturation >4% (-33.7±15.6 vs. 1.8±7.9, p=0.04); plasma adrenaline (-12.7±3.0 vs. -1.3±3.9pg/mL, p=0.04); and significantly greater increase in minimum O2 saturation (4.6±1.6 vs. -0.6±1.4%, p=0.03). ERG showed greater decrease, however without statistical significance, in systolic BP (-4.2±1.9 vs. 2.3±1.4mmHg, p=0.05), insulin (-5.1±1.9 vs. -0.7±1.3μU/mL, p=0.07) and HOMA-IR (-1.2±0.5 vs. -0.08±0.3, p=0.09). During the study period, changes in body adiposity presented significant correlation with changes in parameters of OSA severity, BP, insulin, HOMA-IR, norepinephrine and adiponectin. Changes in parameters of OSA severity presented significant association with changes in CRP. Conclusions: This study suggests that in obese patients with OSA moderate energy restriction is able to reduce body adiposity, parameters of OSA severity and sympathetic nervous system activity.

scholarly journals Consumption of High-Polyphenol Dark Chocolate Improves Endothelial Function in Individuals with Stage 1 Hypertension and Excess Body Weight

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia de Paula Nogueira ◽  
Marcela Paranhos Knibel ◽  
Márcia Regina Simas Gonçalves Torres ◽  
José Firmino Nogueira Neto ◽  
Antonio Felipe Sanjuliani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Dark Chocolate ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Stage 1

Background. Hypertension and excess body weight are important risk factors for endothelial dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that high-polyphenol dark chocolate improves endothelial function and lowers blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the association of chocolate 70% cocoa intake with metabolic profile, oxidative stress, inflammation, blood pressure, and endothelial function in stage 1 hypertensives with excess body weight.Methods. Intervention clinical trial includes 22 stage 1 hypertensives without previous antihypertensive treatment, aged 18 to 60 years and presents a body mass index between 25.0 and 34.9 kg/m2. All participants were instructed to consume 50 g of chocolate 70% cocoa/day (2135 mg polyphenols) for 4 weeks. Endothelial function was evaluated by peripheral artery tonometry using Endo-PAT 2000 (Itamar Medical).Results. Twenty participants (10 men) completed the study. Comparison of pre-post intervention revealed that (1) there were no significant changes in anthropometric parameters, percentage body fat, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, biomarkers of inflammation, adhesion molecules, oxidized LDL, and blood pressure; (2) the assessment of endothelial function through the reactive hyperemia index showed a significant increase: 1.94 ± 0.18 to 2.22 ± 0.08,P=0.01.Conclusion.In individuals with stage 1 hypertension and excess body weight, high-polyphenol dark chocolate improves endothelial function.

scholarly journals Effects of oral and intravenous fat load on blood pressure, endothelial function, sympathetic activity, and oxidative stress in obese healthy subjects

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (6) ◽  
pp. E953-E958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidar R. Gosmanov ◽  
Dawn D. Smiley ◽  
Gonzalo Robalino ◽  
Joselita Siquiera ◽  
Bobby Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Intravenous Saline ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oral Fat Load

We compared the effects of high and low oral and intravenous (iv) fat load on blood pressure (BP), endothelial function, autonomic nervous system, and oxidative stress in obese healthy subjects. Thirteen obese subjects randomly received five 8-h infusions of iv saline, 20 (32 g, low iv fat) or 40 ml/h intralipid (64 g, high iv fat), and oral fat load at 32 (low oral) or 64 g (high oral). Systolic BP increased by 14 ± 10 ( P = 0.007) and 12 ± 9 mmHg ( P = 0.007) after low and high iv lipid infusions and by 13 ± 17 ( P = 0.045) and 11 ± 11 mmHg ( P = 0.040) after low and high oral fat loads, respectively. The baseline flow-mediated dilation was 9.4%, and it decreased by 3.8 ± 2.1 ( P = 0.002) and 4.1 ± 3.1% ( P < 0.001) after low and high iv lipid infusion and by 3.8 ± 1.8 ( P = 0.002) and 5.0 ± 2.5% ( P < 0.001) after low and high oral fat load, respectively. Oral and iv fat load stimulated oxidative stress, increased heart rate, and decreased R-R interval variability. Acute iv fat load decreased blood glucose by 6–10 mg/dl ( P < 0.05) without changes in insulin concentration, whereas oral fat increased plasma insulin by 3.7–4.0 μU/ml ( P < 0.01) without glycemic variations. Intravenous saline and both oral and iv fat load reduced leptin concentration from baseline ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, acute fat load administered orally or intravenously significantly increased blood pressure, altered endothelial function, and activated sympathetic nervous system by mechanisms not likely depending on changes in leptin, glucose, and insulin levels in obese healthy subjects. Thus, fat load, independent of its source, has deleterious hemodynamic effects in obese subjects.

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