scholarly journals Consumption of High-Polyphenol Dark Chocolate Improves Endothelial Function in Individuals with Stage 1 Hypertension and Excess Body Weight

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia de Paula Nogueira ◽  
Marcela Paranhos Knibel ◽  
Márcia Regina Simas Gonçalves Torres ◽  
José Firmino Nogueira Neto ◽  
Antonio Felipe Sanjuliani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Dark Chocolate ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Stage 1

Background. Hypertension and excess body weight are important risk factors for endothelial dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests that high-polyphenol dark chocolate improves endothelial function and lowers blood pressure. This study aimed to evaluate the association of chocolate 70% cocoa intake with metabolic profile, oxidative stress, inflammation, blood pressure, and endothelial function in stage 1 hypertensives with excess body weight.Methods. Intervention clinical trial includes 22 stage 1 hypertensives without previous antihypertensive treatment, aged 18 to 60 years and presents a body mass index between 25.0 and 34.9 kg/m2. All participants were instructed to consume 50 g of chocolate 70% cocoa/day (2135 mg polyphenols) for 4 weeks. Endothelial function was evaluated by peripheral artery tonometry using Endo-PAT 2000 (Itamar Medical).Results. Twenty participants (10 men) completed the study. Comparison of pre-post intervention revealed that (1) there were no significant changes in anthropometric parameters, percentage body fat, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, biomarkers of inflammation, adhesion molecules, oxidized LDL, and blood pressure; (2) the assessment of endothelial function through the reactive hyperemia index showed a significant increase: 1.94 ± 0.18 to 2.22 ± 0.08,P=0.01.Conclusion.In individuals with stage 1 hypertension and excess body weight, high-polyphenol dark chocolate improves endothelial function.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Obesity and Hypertension in School Adolescents Aged 15–17 from the Region of Central Poland—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2394
Author(s):  
Piotr Wieniawski ◽  
Bożena Werner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Category

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of abnormal weight and anthropometric parameters along with abnormal blood pressure values in adolescents in Poland. Anthropometric measurements were taken in the studied age group and the correlation between these values and blood pressure values and the diagnosis of hypertension was analyzed. The main aim of the study was to characterize the particular age group in the selected population: 690 students aged 15–17 years were examined. Blood pressure and anthropometric values including height, weight, circumferences of the hips, abdomen and arms, as well as skinfolds on the back of the arm, below the scapula and the stomach, were taken. The following indexes were calculated: WHR (waist to hip ratio), WHtR (waist to height ratio), BAI (body adiposity index-hip to height ratio) and BMI (body mass index). Mean SBP (systolic blood pressure) was 112.3 (standard deviation (SD) 12.2) mmHg, and DBP (diastolic blood pressure) was 66.9 (SD 6.9) mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension in the studied group was 5.8% (3.2% boys, 2.6% girls) and prehypertension was present in 4.4% (1.6% boys, 2.8% girls). The prevalence of excess body weight was 23.6%-obesity 11.3% (40 girls, 27 boys) and overweight 12.3% (50 girls, 34 boys). Correlations between BMI and waist, hip and arm circumference, subscapular and abdominal skinfold thickness, WHtR and BAI were r = 0.86, r = 0.84, r = 0.88, r = 0.81, r = 0.75, r = 0.88 and r = 0.81, respectively (p < 0.05). Significant differences (p < 0.05) of SBP and DBP values, depending on weight category, as defined by BMI, were observed. Abnormal blood pressure values occur in one tenth and abnormal body weight in almost a quarter of the studied population. Obese and overweight children have higher SBP and DBP values compared to children with normal body weight.

scholarly journals Exploring the Antihypertensive and Vascular-Protective Effects of Blueberries in Middle-Aged/Older Men: Study Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1745-1745
Author(s):  
Emily Woolf ◽  
Allegra Vazquez ◽  
Sarah Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Stage 1

Abstract Objectives Previous research has demonstrated the antihypertensive and vascular-protective effects of blueberries in postmenopausal women with elevated blood pressure (BP) or stage 1-hypertension (HTN). However, this has not been explored in men with elevated BP or HTN. The objective of the present study is to examine effects of blueberry (BB) on BP, endothelial function, and arterial stiffness in men with elevated BP or stage 1-HTN, and baseline endothelial dysfunction, as well as to investigate possible mechanisms involved with BB on vascular health. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm trial, men with elevated BP or stage 1-HTN (systolic BP of 120–139 mmHg, and a diastolic BP &lt; 90 mmHg), and endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index, RHI) &lt;1.67, but otherwise healthy, will be randomized to receive either 22 g/day of freeze-dried wild BB powder or 22 g/day of placebo powder for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes for this study are BP and RHI, which is a measure of vascular endothelial function assessed using peripheral arterial tonometry. Secondary outcomes include analysis of arterial stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), as well as blood biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic health that include blood lipids, hemoglobin A1c, oxidized LDL, nitric oxide, and adhesion molecules. Furthermore, endothelial cells will be biopsied to provide mechanistic insight on how BB consumption might affect the vascular system by utilizing quantitative immunofluorescence. Results We hypothesize that 22 g/day of BB consumption (∼1 cup) for 12 weeks will improve endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and BP in men with elevated BP and/or stage 1-HTN. We also hypothesize that these improvements will be mediated by reductions in vascular oxidative stress and inflammation, and increased nitric oxide bioavailability. Conclusions This study has potential to provide unique in vivo (functional) and ex vivo (molecular) support for the hypothesis that BB consumption may attenuate endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and high BP that occurs with aging. Funding Sources Wild Blueberry Association of North America.

scholarly journals Nebivolol in High-Risk, Obese African Americans With Stage 1 Hypertension: Effects on Blood Pressure, Vascular Compliance, and Endothelial Function

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadya Merchant ◽  
Charles D. Searles ◽  
Anbu Pandian ◽  
Syed T. Rahman ◽  
Keith C. Ferdinand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Risk ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Compliance ◽  
Stage 1

Prenatal exercise and cardiovascular health (PEACH) study: The remote effect of aerobic exercise training on conduit artery and resistance vessel function.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhbeer Singh Boparai ◽  
Rachel J Skow ◽  
Sauleha Farooq ◽  
Craig D Steinback ◽  
Margie H Davenport
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention

We assessed the impact of a structured lower-limb aerobic exercise training intervention during pregnancy on brachial artery endothelial function, shear rate and patterns, and forearm blood flow and reactive hyperemia. Twenty-seven pregnant women were recruited and randomized into either a control group (n=11; 31.0 ± 0.7 years), or an exercise intervention group (n=16; 32.6 ± 0.9 years; NCT02948439). The exercise group completed 40 minutes of aerobic exercise (50-70% heart rate reserve) 3-4 times per week, between the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Endothelial function was assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD, normalized for shear stress) pre- (16-20 weeks) and post-intervention (34-36 weeks). The exercise training group experienced an attenuated increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) relative to the control group (∆MAP exercise: +2± 2 mmHg vs. control: +7±3 mmHg; p=0.044) from pre- to post-intervention. % FMD change corrected for shear stress was not different between groups (p=0.460); however, the post occlusion mean flow rate (exercise: 437±32 mL/min vs. control: 364±35 mL/min; p=0.001) and post occlusion anterograde flow rate (exercise: 438±32 mL/min vs. control: 364±46 mL/min;p=0.001) were larger for the exercise training group compared to controls, post-intervention. Although endothelial function was not different between groups, we observed an increase in microcirculatory dilatory capacity, as suggested by the augmented reactive hyperemia in the exercise training group. Novelty: • Endothelial function was not altered with exercise training during pregnancy. • Exercise training did contribute to improved cardiovascular outcomes, which may have been associated with augmented reactive hyperaemia, indicative of increased microcirculatory dilatory capacity

scholarly journals Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Dietary Intervention Improves Blood Pressure and Vascular Health in Youth With Elevated Blood Pressure

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-251
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Couch ◽  
Brian E. Saelens ◽  
Philip R. Khoury ◽  
Katherine B. Dart ◽  
Kelli Hinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
National High Blood Pressure

This randomized control trial assessed the post-intervention and 18-month follow-up effects of a 6-month dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH)-focused behavioral nutrition intervention, initiated in clinic with subsequent telephone and mail contact, on blood pressure (BP) and endothelial function in adolescents with elevated BP. Adolescents (n=159) 11 to 18 years of age with newly diagnosed elevated BP or stage 1 hypertension treated at a hospital-based clinic were randomized. DASH participants received a take-home manual plus 2 face-to-face counseling sessions at baseline and 3 months with a dietitian regarding the DASH diet, 6 monthly mailings, and 8 weekly and then 7 biweekly telephone calls focused on behavioral strategies to promote DASH adherence. Routine care participants received nutrition counseling with a dietitian consistent with pediatric guidelines established by the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Outcomes, measured pre- and post-intervention and at 18-months follow-up, included change in BP, change in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, and change in DASH score based on 3-day diet recalls. Adolescents in DASH versus routine care had a greater improvement in systolic BP (–2.7 mm Hg, P = 0.03, –0.3 z-score, P =0.03), flow-mediated dilation (2.5%, P =0.05), and DASH score (13.3 points, P <0.0001) from baseline to post-treatment and a greater improvement in flow-mediated dilation (3.1%, P =0.03) and DASH score (7.4 points, P =0.01) to 18 months. The DASH intervention proved more effective than routine care in initial systolic BP improvement and longer term improvement in endothelial function and diet quality in adolescents with elevated BP and hypertension. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT00585832.

scholarly journals OBESITAS DAN TINGKAT STRES BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN HIPERTENSI PADA ORANG DEWASA DI KELURAHAN KLAMPIS NGASEM, SURABAYA Obesity and Stress Level are Associated with Hypertension among Adulthood in Klampis Ngasem, Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Shirley Priscilla Gunawan ◽  
Merryana Adriana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Spearman Test

Globalization era has led to higher demands and expectancy for life, causing higher stress level followed by higher prevalence of obesity and hypertension. Obesity and stress has became risk factors of hypertension and heart disease. This study purposed for analyzing the correlation between obesity and stress level with hypertension among church community in Indonesian Christian Church (GKI) Manyar Surabaya. This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. Subject of this study were chosen using simple random sampling method. Data were collected by interviewing subjects, calculating subjects’ Body Mass Index (BMI) based on their height and body weight measurement, measuring blood pressure and fi lling DASS-42 questionnaire. All data were analyzed with Spearman test using SPSS v25.0. 76 subjects aged 18-45 year were participated in this study. This study showed 21.1% subjects were overweight and 42.1% were obese. 65.8% subjects experienced stress with a DASS score above 14. Twenty seven subjects experienced prehypertension and 12 others experienced hypertension stage 1. Based on statistical calculation, obesity (r=0.577; p<0.001) and stress level (r=0.370; p=0.001) are positively correlated to hypertension. Health promotion should be held to increase knowledge and awareness about the danger of obesity and stress to hypertension. Therefore, people can put more eff orts to maintain ideal body weight, learn to manage stress well and control blood pressure regularly

scholarly journals Assessment of the Functional State of the Cardiovascular System in Adolescents Living in the Southern Aral Sea Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 331-340
Author(s):  
K. Rozumbetov ◽  
S. Esemuratova ◽  
S. Nisanova ◽  
I. Nazhimov ◽  
A. Esimbetov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Total Body

According to studies conducted in recent years, there is a harmful effect of harmful chemicals in the environment on the cardiovascular system. The level of blood pressure is a very important hemodynamic indicator, the level of which provides primary information about diseases of the cardiovascular system. In this study, the indicators of total body size, blood pressure and heart rate were measured in adolescents living in unfavorable environmental conditions of the Aral Sea region. In adolescents of both sexes, body weight deficiency occupied a significant share. In girls and boys, the excess body weight was about 5%. Obesity was not observed in adolescents of both sexes. Hypotension was detected in 17.64% of the females studied by categories of systolic blood pressure, and there were no cases of hypertension among the females. And in males, hypotension of 8.70% and hypertension of 4.35% were observed. According to the categories of diastolic blood pressure, hypotension of 2.95% and hypertension of 8.82% were detected in females, hypotension of 8.69% and hypertension of 8.70% in males.

scholarly journals MMPs and TIMPs levels are correlated with anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and endothelial function in obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumaya Boumiza ◽  
Karim Chahed ◽  
Zouhair Tabka ◽  
Marie-Paule Jacob ◽  
Xavier Norel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractThe association between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and obesity as well as obesity-related disease including metabolic syndrome is not fully explored. Our aims are that: (i) to evaluate the plasma levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and their ratios in non-obese people, overweight and obese people with or without metabolic syndrome, (ii) to investigate correlations between MMPs or TIMPs levels and several anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, endothelial function. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were determined in 479 randomly selected participants, subdividing according to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome status. Plasma MMPs and TIMPs levels were measured. The assessment of endothelial function was characterized in people with obesity, overweight and non-obese, using laser Doppler Flowmetry. Obese people have elevated MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 levels and decreased MMP-3/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios compared with non-obese people. MMP-1 levels and MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio were positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference (WC) while MMP-2 levels were negatively correlated with BMI and WC values in obese people. MMP-3 levels and MMP-3/TIMP-1 ratio were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in obese and metabolic syndrome people. Additionally, MMP-9 levels and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio were negatively correlated with endothelium-dependent response in obese and metabolic syndrome people. MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 levels were increased in obese subjects. Significant correlations between anthropometric parameters and MMP-1 as well as MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio supported these results. MMP-3 and -9 levels as well as their ratios with TIMP-1 were associated with blood pressure and endothelial-dependent response, respectively. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels were correlated with several obesity-related parameters including BMI, WC, blood pressure and endothelial-dependent response. Our findings will hopefully provide new aspects for the use of MMPs and TIMPs as clinical biomarkers in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases such as metabolic syndrome and hypertension. The lack of measure of MMPs activity in plasma and relevant organs/tissues in obesity and metabolic syndrome is considered as a limitation in this report.

Relationship between blood pressure and body mass index in young adult population: A national-level assessment in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Jahidur Rahman Khan ◽  
Raaj Kishore Biswas ◽  
Md. Mazharul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
National Level ◽  
Excess Body Weight

Abstract Young adulthood is a crucial period for major physiological transitions. Environmental changes associated with these transitions can influence health behaviour and health (e.g., poor diet, high body weight and elevated blood pressure (EBP)). Excess body weight can lead to EBP; however, little is known about this relationship among young adults in developing countries. Focusing on Bangladesh, this study assessed the association between body mass index (BMI) and BP metrics (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP], and BP class [optimal, normal/high normal, and elevated]). Sex-specific analyses of these relationships were performed to assess any difference across sexes. Furthermore, associations of overweight/obesity with BP metrics were investigated. Young adults aged 18-24 years (n 2181) were included from nationally representative cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18. Multivariable linear and multinomial logistic regression models examined the relationships between BMI, overweight/obesity, and BP metrics. Findings reveal that higher BMI was associated with higher SBP (0.83; 95% CI 0.67, 0.99), DBP (0.66; 95% CI 0.54, 0.74), and higher odds of having EBP (adjusted odds ratio 1.24; 95% CI 1.17, 1.31). These relationships were stronger among males than females. Moreover, overweight/obese individuals had higher SBP, DBP, and higher odds of having EBP than individuals with normal BMI. Strategies to reduce body weight, improve healthy lifestyle, and awareness and monitoring of BP may help to address these serious health problems, particularly at an early age.

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