A Physiological Profile of Ovarian Cancer Survivors to Inform Tailored Exercise Interventions and the Development of Exercise Oncology Guidelines

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Schofield ◽  
Robert U. Newton ◽  
Daniel A. Galvão ◽  
Paul A. Cohen ◽  
Carolyn J. Peddle-McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
And Function ◽  
Exercise Oncology

ObjectivePhysical activity has become increasingly important in supportive cancer care. However, physical activity and exercise guidelines for ovarian cancer survivors remain generic. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize existing data regarding the physiological characteristics (treatment-related adverse effects, concurrent comorbidities, body weight and composition, physical fitness and function, and physical activity behavior) of ovarian cancer survivors to further understanding of their cancer-specific physical activity and exercise needs. We also highlight gaps in the current knowledge base.MethodsWe undertook a narrative review of current literature on the physiological status of ovarian cancer survivors. We defined physiological status as treatment-related adverse effects, concurrent comorbidities, body weight and composition, physical fitness and function, and physical activity behavior.ResultsIn addition to disease- and treatment-related symptoms and adverse effects, the majority of ovarian cancer survivors have comorbidities, which may adversely affect treatment effectiveness and safety, as well as survival. Despite high overweight and obesity rates, a large percentage of women are malnourished at diagnosis, with potentially compromised muscle mass and muscle density. Low muscle density at diagnosis and loss of muscle mass during treatment may be associated with worse survival outcomes. A small number of studies have observed impaired physical function and cardiorespiratory fitness in ovarian cancer survivors. The majority of ovarian cancer survivors are insufficiently active or sedentary.ConclusionsOur review suggests that ovarian cancer survivors could benefit from physical activity and exercise oncology interventions aimed at addressing detrimental changes to physiological status due to disease and treatment. However, current knowledge gaps regarding the physiological characteristics of ovarian cancer survivors throughout the entire survivorship spectrum challenge the development of tailored exercise intervention studies and exercise oncology guidelines.

Associations between physical activity and quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors

2007 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Stevinson ◽  
Wylam Faught ◽  
Helen Steed ◽  
Katia Tonkin ◽  
Aliya B. Ladha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survivors

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of an Accelerometer-Based Protocol for Measuring Physical Activity Levels in Cancer Survivors: Development and Usability Study

10.2196/18491 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e18491
Author(s):  
Tracy E Crane ◽  
Meghan B Skiba ◽  
Austin Miller ◽  
David O Garcia ◽  
Cynthia A Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Activity Measurements

Background The collection of self-reported physical activity using validated questionnaires has known bias and measurement error. Objective Accelerometry, an objective measure of daily activity, increases the rigor and accuracy of physical activity measurements. Here, we describe the methodology and related protocols for accelerometry data collection and quality assurance using the Actigraph GT9X accelerometer data collection in a convenience sample of ovarian cancer survivors enrolled in GOG/NRG 0225, a 24-month randomized controlled trial of diet and physical activity intervention versus attention control. Methods From July 2015 to December 2019, accelerometers were mailed on 1337 separate occasions to 580 study participants to wear at 4 time points (baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months) for 7 consecutive days. Study staff contacted participants via telephone to confirm their availability to wear the accelerometers and reviewed instructions and procedures regarding the return of the accelerometers and assisted with any technology concerns. Results We evaluated factors associated with wear compliance, including activity tracking, use of a mobile app, and demographic characteristics with chi-square tests and logistic regression. Compliant data, defined as ≥4 consecutive days with ≥10 hours daily wear time, exceeded 90% at all study time points. Activity tracking, but no other characteristics, was significantly associated with compliant data at all time points (P<.001). This implementation of data collection through accelerometry provided highly compliant and usable activity data in women who recently completed treatment for ovarian cancer. Conclusions The high compliance and data quality associated with this protocol suggest that it could be disseminated to support researchers who seek to collect robust objective activity data in cancer survivors residing in a wide geographic area.

scholarly journals Psychological correlates of physical activity and exercise preferences in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan cancer survivors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Maxwell‐Smith ◽  
Martin S. Hagger ◽  
Robert Kane ◽  
Paul A. Cohen ◽  
Jason Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise

scholarly journals Nutrition and Physical Activity-Induced Changes in Gut Microbiota: Possible Implications for Human Health and Athletic Performance

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3075
Author(s):  
Vittoria Cella ◽  
Viviana M. Bimonte ◽  
Claudia Sabato ◽  
Antonio Paoli ◽  
Carlo Baldari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
External Causes ◽  
General Populations ◽  
And Function ◽  
Induced Changes

The gut microbiota is a complex heterogeneous microbial community modulated by endogenous and exogenous factors. Among the external causes, nutrition as well as physical activity appear to be potential drivers of microbial diversity, both at the taxonomic and functional level, likely also influencing endocrine system, and acting as endocrine organ itself. To date, clear-cut data regarding which microbial populations are modified, and by which mechanisms are lacking. Moreover, the relationship between the microbial shifts and the metabolic practical potential of the gut microbiota is still unclear. Further research by longitudinal and well-designed studies is needed to investigate whether microbiome manipulation may be an effective tool for improving human health and, also, performance in athletes, and whether these effects may be then extended to the overall health promotion of general populations. In this review, we evaluate and summarize the current knowledge regarding the interaction and cross-talks among hormonal modifications, physical performance, and microbiota content and function.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Sleep Duration and Determinants of Health in a Cross-Sectional Sample of Gynecologic Cancer Survivors in Los Angeles County

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Ma’at Hembrick ◽  
Makala Conner ◽  
Heather Tarleton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Los Angeles County ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Cross Sectional

Cancer survivors have an increased risk of treatment-related deficits in physical health and low health-related quality of life. In this cross-sectional study, a health questionnaire was mailed to women from the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program aged 45-70 and diagnosed with cervical, endometrial, or ovarian cancer in 2005-2014. Of the 5,941 surveys with valid postal addresses, 586 (10%) were completed and returned. The average age of respondents was 66 years old, and 36% identified as non-white. Non-white respondents were less likely to have a college degree (p<0.001), more likely to sleep for less than seven hours each night (p<0.001), experience bodily pain (p<0.001), and have a diagnosis of cervical cancer (p=0.002), when compared to white respondents. Health behaviors and determinants were examined across cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer cases. Cervical cancer survivors reported sleeping less than 7 hours per night, on average (p=0.015). Race was associated with sleep duration among endometrial (p=0.002) and ovarian (p=0.003) cancer survivors. Menopausal status was associated with the relationship between race and sleep duration (p<0.001). Depression was inversely related to sleep duration (p = 0.022) but was not associated with race, menopausal status, time since treatment, physical activity, or cancer type. Postmenopausal cervical cancer survivors reported a moderate concern about fall risk compared to their premenopausal counterparts (p=0.048). Physical activity levels increased as time since treatment increased (p=0.003) regardless of cancer type. Race, menopausal status, depression, and cancer type impacted the sleep duration. KEYWORDS: Health Disparities; Sleep Duration; Depression; Gynecologic Cancers; Survivorship Care

Physical Activity and Exercise in Women With Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
Tamara L. Jones ◽  
Carolina X. Sandler ◽  
Rosalind R. Spence ◽  
Sandra C. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise

scholarly journals Perceived Facilitators and Barriers in Response to a Walking Intervention in Rural Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Exploration

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Frensham ◽  
Gaynor Parfitt ◽  
Rebecca Stanley ◽  
James Dollman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Walking Intervention

Physical activity has numerous associated benefits for cancer survivors. Compared to their urban counterparts, rural and remote Australians experience a health disadvantage, including poorer survival rate after the diagnosis of cancer. The purpose of this qualitative study was to (a) investigate factors that motivated or inhibited walking in rural participants during a 12-week intervention and (b) to investigate factors that motivated or inhibited physical activity behavior change three months post-intervention. Ten cancer survivors living in rural areas of South Australia participated in a 12-week computer-delivered walking-based intervention during which they reported daily steps, daily affect, and ratings of perceived exertion. Based on this information, individualized daily step goals were sent to them to increase walking. Following the intervention, participants engaged in face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and coded using thematic analysis. Participants identified a range of physical, psychological, social, environmental, and organizational motivators and barriers. Participants appreciated the monitoring and support from the research team, but some voiced a need for better transition to post-program and many desired ongoing support to maintain their motivation. Future studies should incorporate strategies to help walking behavior to become more intrinsically motivated and therefore sustained.

Narrowing the Gap for Minority Cancer Survivors: Exercise Oncology in the Past, Present, and Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Mary K. Norris ◽  
Frank S. Fox ◽  
Christi Lee ◽  
Ellice Wang ◽  
Katherine Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Survivor ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
Exercise Timing ◽  
Barriers To Exercise ◽  
Exercise Oncology

ABSTRACT While the field of exercise oncology has substantially progressed in recent years, a significant void exists in the inclusion of and focus on minority patients diagnosed with cancer, particularly blacks and Hispanics. Blacks and Hispanics are less physically active, experience higher rates of comorbid conditions, and have poorer cancer prognosis when compared to white counterparts. Exercise prevents and reduces an array of health conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and risk of certain cancers. However, black and Hispanic cancer survivors are underrepresented across exercise intervention trials. In this review, we discuss previous explorations among minority cancer survivors with a focus on exercise prescription, targeted outcomes, patient demographics, and barriers to exercise. We also discuss knowledge gaps and future directions necessary to progress the field of exercise oncology to include a more diverse cancer survivor cohort. In brief, we found few studies have evaluated the effect of exercise on physiologic health outcomes in black and Hispanic cancer survivors, with much research focused on psychosocial health. A majority of minority population-based research specifically targets the black breast cancer survivor population, with reported exercise-induced improvements observed in weekly physical activity, cardiorespira-tory fitness, muscle strength, quality of life, and fatigue. Minority cancer survivors also face unique challenges and barriers to exercise participation despite acknowledgement of the benefits with physical activity. Future investigations warrant explorations of exercise timing across the cancer continuum, inclusion of different types of cancer survivors, and novel exercise strategies with inclusion of culturally tailored educational and behavioral components.

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