A Review of Surgical Techniques for Harvesting Corneal Stem Cells From Allograft Donor Tissue

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Charles S. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Donor Tissue

scholarly journals Endometrial stem cells expansion capability for local and systemic routes of administration in a model of experimentally injured endometrium

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Elena O Usoltceva ◽  
Liailia Kh Dzhemlikhanova ◽  
Dariko A Niauri ◽  
Igor Yu Kogan ◽  
Alexander M Gzgzyan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Route Of Administration ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Endometrial Stem Cells ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Group

Endometrial stem cells due to their therapeutic characteristics could to be an effective tool of cell technologies in reproductive medicine. The aim of the study was to determine the most therapeutically effective route of administration for endometrial stem cells suspension. The study was conducted in approved animal model of injured endometrium. To create the experimental model tissue pieces of autologous endometrium were implanted on the anterior abdominal wall peritoneum using general surgical techniques. Experimental group animals were treated with endometrial stem cells suspension; in the control animal group a placebo was used. Local and systemic routes of endometrial stem cells administration were compared. The direct injections of stem cells suspension in the endometrial implants were used as the local route of administration, the intravenous injections of stem cells suspension were used as a systemic route. Endometrial stem cells expansion didn’t depend on the routes of administration, whereas therapeutic effects of stem cells was more obvious in tissue pieces after local injection of stem cells.

scholarly journals Tissue Engineering Strategies for Treating Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Sumit Murab ◽  
Teresa Hawk ◽  
Alexander Snyder ◽  
Sydney Herold ◽  
Meghana Totapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Avascular Necrosis ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Surgical Methods

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head commonly leads to symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip. In older patients, hip replacement is a viable option that restores the hip biomechanics and improves pain but in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients hip replacements impose significant activity limitations and the need for multiple revision surgeries with increasing risk of complication. Early detection of AVN requires a high level of suspicion as diagnostic techniques such as X-rays are not sensitive in the early stages of the disease. There are multiple etiologies that can lead to this disease. In the pediatric and adolescent population, trauma is a commonly recognized cause of AVN. The understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease is limited, adding to the challenge of devising a clinically effective treatment strategy. Surgical techniques to prevent progression of the disease and avoid total hip replacement include core decompression, vascular grafts, and use of bone-marrow derived stem cells with or without adjuncts, such as bisphosphonates and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), all of which are partially effective only in the very early stages of the disease. Further, these strategies often only improve pain and range of motion in the short-term in some patients and do not predictably prevent progression of the disease. Tissue engineering strategies with the combined use of biomaterials, stem cells and growth factors offer a potential strategy to avoid metallic implants and surgery. Structural, bioactive biomaterial platforms could help in stabilizing the femoral head while inducing osteogenic differentiation to regenerate bone and provide angiogenic cues to concomitantly recover vasculature in the femoral head. Moreover, injectable systems that can be delivered using a minimal invasive procedure and provide mechanical support the collapsing femoral head could potentially alleviate the need for surgical interventions in the future. The present review describes the limitations of existing surgical methods and the recent advances in tissue engineering that are leading in the direction of a clinically effective, translational solution for AVN in future.

Other surgical approaches in the management of osteoarthritis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Bloch Thorlund ◽  
L. Stefan Lohmander
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Joint replacement is often considered the surgical treatment for patients with osteoarthritis (OA). However, several other surgical treatments, of which some are more frequently performed, have been advocated for patients with OA in order to relieve symptoms, stall progression, and avoid or postpone joint replacement. This chapter briefly describes the most common procedures such as knee and hip arthroscopy and knee and hip osteotomy. It also reviews the evidence for the efficacy of these treatments compared with non-surgical alternatives, which is frequently insufficient due to lack of controlled low-risk-of-bias studies. The risk of adverse events is also reported when data is available. Some of the more recent surgical techniques such as implantation of chondrocytes or stem cells are also described and discussed but their utility for treating osteoarthritis remains uncertain. There is a great need for continued innovation and development of surgical techniques for managing in particular the earlier stages of osteoarthritis. To reduce the risk of future costly failures, a stepwise introduction of new surgical procedures and devices must be encouraged.

scholarly journals BIOINGEGNERIA DEL NERVO ARTIFICIALE

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Terenghi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Optimal Recovery ◽  
Nerve Reconstruction ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
Nerve Conduits ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Promising Development

At present, peripheral nerve injury represents a complex challenge for the surgeons, and the repair of these injuries often results in sub-optimal recovery and functional deficit. The neurobiology of nerve regeneration cannot be adequately addressed by the existing surgical techniques, and it has become apparent that tissue engineering and the creation of nerve conduits have significant potential to improve the results of nerve reconstruction. The use of novel biomaterials and more refined fabrication methods, by using micro- and nano-technology, are a promising development for these experimental constructs. Also, the use of cells transplanted into the conduit to create a bioartificial nerve graft represents a new development. Adult stem cells constitute the ideal alternative to Schwann cells, and among the various sources of stem cells with potential application for regenerative medicine the adipose tissue has been proven to be the most promising. Adult adipose-derived stem cells are easily obtained, they expand rapidly and can be differentiated to Schwann cells, hence they represent a new strategy for clinical application in order to improve the results of nerve re generation.

scholarly journals Use of stem cells in tissue engineering and reconstruction of the maxillofacial region

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2740
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kukreja ◽  
Modi Fahd Al Qahtani ◽  
Majedah Fahd Al Qahtani ◽  
Ahad Fahd Al Qahtani ◽  
Bhavna Jha Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Flap Transfer ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Craniofacial Defect

The oral and craniofacial defect reconstruction has been a daunting task for several decades. Many clinicians have attempted to switch surgical techniques in flap transfer to enhance the purposeful outcomes. In many cases, however, near total restoration of the native anatomy is not achievable. Also, the normal functional performance is not attainable, regardless of the surgical technique used. This problem is more evident within the oral and craniofacial region considering the importance of functions, such as speech, chewing, and appearance. Stem cells have attracted a growing interest within the scientific community chiefly for their ability to regenerate broken tissues and conjointly for their known potential in modulating inflammatory and immune responses. These skills have caused stem cells to be thought about as a promising strategic tool for a range of clinical maxillofacial applications. In this review, authors briefly summarize the applications of stem cells in maxillofacial surgery. 

Advanced Regenerative Medicine Strategies for Treatment of Perianal Fistula in Crohn’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojjatollah Nazari ◽  
Vahid Yaghoubi Naei ◽  
Asieh Heirani Tabasi ◽  
Abolfazl Badripour ◽  
Reza Akbari Asbagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Perianal Fistula ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Separation And Purification

Abstract Regenerative medicine is an emerging therapeutic method that aims to reconstruct tissues and organs. This advanced therapeutic approach has demonstrated great potential in addressing the limitations of medical and surgical procedures for treating perineal fistula in patients with Crohn’s disease. Recent developments in stem cell technology have led to a massive good manufacturing practices (GMPs) production of various stem cells, including mesenchymal and embryonic cells, along with induction of pluripotent stem cells to repair damaged tissues in the fistula. The recent advances in separation and purification of exosomes, as biologic nanovesicles carrying anti-inflammatory and regenerative agents, have made them powerful tools to treat this inflammatory disease. Further, tremendous advances in nanotechnology, biomaterials, and scaffold fabrication methods enable tissue engineering methods to synthesize tissue-like structures to assist surgical techniques. This review focuses on advanced regenerative-based methods including stem cell therapy, exosome therapy, and tissue engineering used in the treatment of perianal fistula. Relevant in vitro and in vivo studies and the latest innovations in implementation of regenerative medicine for this disease are also separately reviewed. Additionally, current challenges regarding implementation of g stem cells, exosomes, and tissue engineering methods for bridging the gaps between laboratory findings and clinic application will be discussed.

Severe Ocular Burns

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Merle ◽  
Max Gerard ◽  
Norbert Schrage ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Limbal Stem Cells ◽  
Ocular Lesions ◽  
Therapeutic Care ◽  
Ocular Burns

The worst ocular lesions are chemical burns caused by strong bases and acids. Associated with the destruction of limbal stem cells (LSCs), there are repeated epithelial ulcerations, chronic stromal ulcers, deep stromal neovascularisation, conjunctival invasion and even corneal perforations. The initial clinical examination is difficult because the symptomatology is severe, but nevertheless it helps to classify the lesions, to establish a prognosis and to guide the therapeutic care. The classification system used most is that implemented by Hughes and modified by Roper-Hall. It is now completed neatly by those proposed by Dua and Wagoner, which are based on the importance of the deficit of LSCs. Prognosis of severe forms has progressed significantly thanks to a better knowledge of the physiology of the cornea’s epithelium. Surgical techniques to repair destroyed LSCs have changed the prognosis of severe corneal burns significantly. To limit the incidence of burns, prevention, especially in the industrialised world, is essential.

scholarly journals Maturation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft—Possibilities of Surgical Enhancement: What Do We Know So Far?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3597
Author(s):  
Michał Ebisz ◽  
Adrian Góralczyk ◽  
Marcin Mostowy ◽  
Robert F. LaPrade ◽  
Konrad Malinowski
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Tunnel Widening ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

The purpose of this study is to review the surgical methods of enhancing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft maturation. Several methods of ACL maturation enhancement were identified through research of the literature available in the PubMed database. ACL remnant preservation was the most extensively investigated technique. ACL reconstruction with a pedunculated hamstring graft provides superior revascularization of the graft along with higher mechanical strength. The usage of a graft enveloped with a periosteum was proposed to enhance the tendon-bone unit formation, and consequently, to prevent the bone tunnel widening. The muscle tissue on the graft is a potential source of stem cells. However, an excessive amount may weaken whole graft strength despite its enhanced remodeling. Similarly, amniotic tissue may augment the ACL reconstruction with stem cells and growth factors. Despite the existence of several surgical techniques that utilize amnion, the outcomes of these augmentation methods are lacking. Lastly, the intra-articular transplantation of the synovium on the surface of an ACL was proposed to augment the graft with synovial tissue and blood vessels. In conclusion, diverse approaches are being developed in order to enhance the maturation of an ACL reconstruction graft. Although these approaches have their foundation in on well-established scientific research, their outcomes are still equivocal. Clinical trials of high quality are needed to evaluate their utility in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Emerging Perspectives in Scaffold for Tissue Engineering in Oral Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Ceccarelli ◽  
Rossella Presta ◽  
Laura Benedetti ◽  
Maria Gabriella Cusella De Angelis ◽  
Saturnino Marco Lupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Socket Preservation

Bone regeneration is currently one of the most important and challenging tissue engineering approaches in regenerative medicine. Bone regeneration is a promising approach in dentistry and is considered an ideal clinical strategy in treating diseases, injuries, and defects of the maxillofacial region. Advances in tissue engineering have resulted in the development of innovative scaffold designs, complemented by the progress made in cell-based therapies. In vitro bone regeneration can be achieved by the combination of stem cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors. The biomimetic approach to create an ideal bone substitute provides strategies for developing combined scaffolds composed of adult stem cells with mesenchymal phenotype and different organic biomaterials (such as collagen and hyaluronic acid derivatives) or inorganic biomaterials such as manufactured polymers (polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), and polycaprolactone). This review focuses on different biomaterials currently used in dentistry as scaffolds for bone regeneration in treating bone defects or in surgical techniques, such as sinus lift, horizontal and vertical bone grafts, or socket preservation. Our review would be of particular interest to medical and surgical researchers at the interface of cell biology, materials science, and tissue engineering, as well as industry-related manufacturers and researchers in healthcare, prosthetics, and 3D printing, too.

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