scholarly journals Discriminatory Indices of Typing Methods for Epidemiologic Analysis of Contemporary Staphylococcus aureus Strains

Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (37) ◽  
pp. e1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Rodriguez ◽  
Patrick G. Hogan ◽  
Sarah W. Satola ◽  
Emily Crispell ◽  
Todd Wylie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Epidemiologic Analysis

scholarly journals Genetic Relatedness and Diversity of Staphylococcus aureus from Different Reservoirs: Humans and Animals of Livestock, Poultry, Zoo, and Aquaculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Vanessa Salgueiro ◽  
Vera Manageiro ◽  
Narcisa M. Bandarra ◽  
Eugénia Ferreira ◽  
Lurdes Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages ◽  
Spa Types

The main aim of this study was the characterization of antibiotic resistance mechanisms in 82 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from humans and animals. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on all S. aureus isolates accordingly, and antibiotic-resistant genes were investigated by genotypic methods. The genetic diversity of S. aureus was studied through spa, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and agr typing methods. The majority of S. aureus from human sources were resistant to cefoxitin (and harbor the mecA gene) and fluoroquinolones, whereas only four strains of S. aureus from animal sources revealed resistance to ciprofloxacin. In the set of S. aureus isolated from humans, the most frequent spa, MLST, and agr group were t032, ST22, and I, respectively. In strains from animal origin the most common spa, MLST, and agr group found were t2383, ST398, and III/not typable, respectively. S. aureus from humans and animals were identified either in clonal complexes CC5, CC30, and CC398, suggesting that they have the same putative founder in their evolution. Considering the three CCs encompassing strains from human and animal reservoirs with different spa-types, we can hypothesize that this might reflect an adaptation to different phylogenetic lineages in those reservoirs (host species) probably associated to genetic diversification of pre-existing strains.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus strains associated with food poisoning outbreaks in France: comparison of different molecular typing methods, including MLVA

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Roussel ◽  
Benjamin Felix ◽  
Noémie Vingadassalon ◽  
Joël Grout ◽  
Jacques-Antoine Hennekinne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Typing Methods

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): global epidemiology and harmonisation of typing methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Stefani ◽  
Doo Ryeon Chung ◽  
Jodi A. Lindsay ◽  
Alex W. Friedrich ◽  
Angela M. Kearns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Typing Methods

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Ecological Success of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Colonizing Humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sakwinska ◽  
Gerrit Kuhn ◽  
Carlo Balmelli ◽  
Patrick Francioli ◽  
Marlyse Giddey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity

ABSTRACT The genetic determinants and phenotypic traits which make a Staphylococcus aureus strain a successful colonizer are largely unknown. The genetic diversity and population structure of 133 S. aureus isolates from healthy, generally risk-free adult carriers were investigated using four different typing methods: multilocus sequence typing (MLST), amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis (AFLP), double-locus sequence typing (DLST), and spa typing were compared. Carriage isolates displayed great genetic diversity which could only be revealed fully by DLST. Results of AFLP and MLST were highly concordant in the delineation of genotypic clusters of closely related isolates, roughly equivalent to clonal complexes. spa typing and DLST provided considerably less phylogenetic information. The resolution of spa typing was similar to that of AFLP and inferior to that of DLST. AFLP proved to be the most universal method, combining a phylogeny-building capacity similar to that of MLST with a much higher resolution. However, it had a lower reproducibility than sequencing-based MLST, DLST, and spa typing. We found two cases of methicillin-resistant S. aureus colonization, both of which were most likely associated with employment at a health service. Of 21 genotypic clusters detected, 2 were most prevalent: cluster 45 and cluster 30 each colonized 24% of the carrier population. The number of bacteria found in nasal samples varied significantly among the clusters, but the most prevalent clusters were not particularly numerous in the nasal samples. We did not find much evidence that genotypic clusters were associated with different carrier characteristics, such as age, sex, medical conditions, or antibiotic use. This may provide empirical support for the idea that genetic clusters in bacteria are maintained in the absence of adaptation to different niches. Alternatively, carrier characteristics other than those evaluated here or factors other than human hosts may exert selective pressure maintaining genotypic clusters.

scholarly journals Rapid determination of hospital-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineages

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 614-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Cockfield ◽  
Smriti Pathak ◽  
Jonathan D. Edgeworth ◽  
Jodi A. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and multi-strain microarray analysis have shown that most human Staphylococcus aureus strains belong to ten dominant clonal complexes (CCs) or lineages, each with unique surface architecture. Meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains currently belong to six of these lineages (CC1, CC5, CC8, CC22, CC30 and CC45), each of which has independently acquired mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying antibiotic resistance genes. MLST and microarrays are expensive and time consuming methods for routine determination of S. aureus lineage. A restriction-modification (RM) test has now been developed that is rapid, simple, inexpensive and accurately determines lineage of hospital-acquired MRSA. The RM test is based on three PCRs for hsdS gene variants, as hsdS genes likely control the independent evolution of S. aureus lineages. The RM test correctly identified 102 MRSA isolates as belonging to one of the six lineages/CCs. Real-time MRSA typing can be used to identify and track changes in local MRSA outbreaks, and provide support for targeting infection control strategies. Simple and accurate typing methods will also support large scale epidemiological studies, and could lead to greater understanding of the carriage, spread and virulence of different MRSA lineages.

scholarly journals Genomic insights into methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus spa type t899 isolates belonging to different sequence types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henok Ayalew Tegegne ◽  
Ivana Koláčková ◽  
Martina Florianová ◽  
Pierre Wattiau ◽  
Tereza Gelbíčová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phylogenic Tree ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Insight Into

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presenting the spa type t899 is commonly associated with sequence type (ST) 9, but also increasingly linked to ST398. This study provides a genomic insight into the diversity of t899 isolates using cgMLST, SNP-based phylogeny and the description of selected antimicrobial resistance and virulence markers. The SNP-based phylogenic tree showed that isolates sharing the same spa type (t899) but different STs highly diverged in their core and accessory genomes, revealing discriminant antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) and virulence markers. Our results highlighted that, in a surveillance context where only spa typing is used, an additional multiplex PCR for the detection of the tet(M), sak and seg genes would valuably allow to distinguish ST9 from ST398 isolates on a routine basis. Importance This study showed the genetic diversity and population structure of S. aureus presenting the same spa type t899 but belonging to different STs. Our findings revealed that these isolates vary deeply in their core and accessory genomes, contrary to what is regularly inferred from studies using spa typing only. Given that identical spa types can be associated with different STs, and knowing that spa typing only is not appropriate for S. aureus isolates that underwent major recombination events which include the passage of the spa gene (such as in t899-positive MRSA), the combination of both MLST and spa typing methods is recommended. However, spa typing only is still largely used in surveillance studies and basic characterization. Our data suggest that additional markers, such as tet(M), sak and seg genes, could be implemented in an easy and cheap manner in order to identify S. aureus lineages with a higher accuracy.

Epidemiological survey of the first case of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. FRIÃES ◽  
C. RESINA ◽  
V. MANUEL ◽  
L. LITO ◽  
M. RAMIREZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Aureus Infection ◽  
First Case ◽  
Typing Methods ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Close Contacts

SUMMARYWe report on the follow-up and epidemiological study triggered by the isolation of the first vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) detected in Europe. The patient and 53 close contacts were screened for S. aureus colonization and all isolates recovered were characterized by multiple molecular typing methods. The VRSA remained confined to the infected foot of the patient and was not detected in any of the close contacts. Nasal colonization with S. aureus was detected in 20 subjects, of whom 15 carried methicilin-susceptible isolates with the remaining five harbouring methicilin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The majority of the isolates belonged to clones that have been previously shown to be prevalent in Portugal, both in the hospital setting and in the community. Only one isolate, an MRSA, was closely related to the VRSA. Like most of the characterized VRSA isolates from other countries, the VRSA isolated in Portugal belonged to clonal complex (CC) 5. Despite the absence of VRSA dissemination, the recent increase in the incidence of lineages belonging to CC5 in some European countries, including Portugal, may result in more frequent opportunities for the emergence of VRSA.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing for Outbreak Investigations of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Time for Routine Practice?

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taj Azarian ◽  
Robert L. Cook ◽  
Judith A. Johnson ◽  
Nilmarie Guzman ◽  
Yvette S. McCarter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Typing Methods

BACKGROUNDInfants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at increased risk for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) acquisition. Outbreaks may be difficult to identify due in part to limitations in current molecular genotyping available in clinical practice. Comparison of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may identify epidemiologically distinct isolates among a population sample that appears homogenous when evaluated using conventional typing methods.OBJECTIVETo investigate a putative MRSA outbreak in a NICU utilizing whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to identify recent transmission events.DESIGNClinical and surveillance specimens collected during clinical care and outbreak investigation.PATIENTSA total of 17 neonates hospitalized in a 43-bed level III NICU in northeastern Florida from December 2010 to October 2011 were included in this study.METHODSWe assessed epidemiological data in conjunction with 4 typing methods: antibiograms, PFGE, spa types, and phylogenetic analysis of genome-wide SNPs.RESULTSAmong the 17 type USA300 isolates, 4 different spa types were identified using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Phylogenetic analysis identified 5 infants as belonging to 2 clusters of epidemiologically linked cases and excluded 10 unlinked cases from putative transmission events. The availability of these results during the initial investigation would have improved infection control interventions.CONCLUSIONWhole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis are invaluable tools for epidemic investigation; they identify transmission events and exclude cases mistakenly implicated by traditional typing methods. When routinely applied to surveillance and investigation in the clinical setting, this approach may provide actionable intelligence for measured, appropriate, and effective interventions.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(7):777–785

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