scholarly journals Optimal duration of antiviral treatment in patients with gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus disease at a low and high risk of relapse

Medicine ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. e28359
Author(s):  
Kyung Hwa Jung ◽  
Jiwon Jung ◽  
Min Jae Kim ◽  
Yong Pil Chong ◽  
Sang-Oh Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Disease ◽  
Optimal Duration ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

scholarly journals Neutralizing Antibody Therapeutics for COVID-19

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Aeron C. Hurt ◽  
Adam K. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Public Health Burden

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant global public health burden, leading to an urgent need for effective therapeutic strategies. In this article, we review the role of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in the clinical management of COVID-19 and provide an overview of recent randomized controlled trial data evaluating nAbs in the ambulatory, hospitalized and prophylaxis settings. Two nAb cocktails (casirivimab/imdevimab and bamlanivimab/etesevimab) and one nAb monotherapy (bamlanivimab) have been granted Emergency Use Authorization by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ambulatory patients who have a high risk of progressing to severe disease, and the European Medicines Agency has similarly recommended both cocktails and bamlanivimab monotherapy for use in COVID-19 patients who do not require supplemental oxygen and who are at high risk of progressing to severe COVID-19. Efficacy of nAbs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 has been varied, potentially highlighting the challenges of antiviral treatment in patients who have already progressed to severe disease. However, early data suggest a promising prophylactic role for nAbs in providing effective COVID-19 protection. We also review the risk of treatment-emergent antiviral resistant “escape” mutants and strategies to minimize their occurrence, discuss the susceptibility of newly emerging SARS-COV-2 variants to nAbs, as well as explore administration challenges and ways to improve patient access.

scholarly journals Impact of valganciclovir prophylaxis duration on cytomegalovirus disease in high‐risk donor seropositive/recipient seronegative heart transplant recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Imlay ◽  
Allison O. Dumitriu Carcoana ◽  
Cynthia E. Fisher ◽  
Beatrice Wong ◽  
Robert M. Rakita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Heart Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Disease ◽  
Heart Transplant Recipients

Quantification of Regulatory T Cells Enables the Identification of High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients and Those at Risk of Late Relapse

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (34) ◽  
pp. 5373-5380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaynor J. Bates ◽  
Stephen B. Fox ◽  
Cheng Han ◽  
Russell D. Leek ◽  
José F. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
T Cells ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Late Relapse ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Risk Of Relapse

Purpose To assess the clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells (TR) in breast cancer patients with long-term follow-up. Patients and Methods FOXP3-positive TR were detected by immunohistochemistry with our new, extensively characterized FOXP3 monoclonal antibody, 236A/E7. Numbers of FOXP3-positive lymphocytes in tissue microarray cores from pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; n = 62), invasive breast cancer (n = 237) or from comparable areas of normal terminal duct lobular breast tissue (n = 10) were determined. A median cutoff of ≥ 15 defined patients with high numbers of TR. Results TR numbers were significantly higher in in situ and invasive breast carcinomas than in normal breast; invasive tumors have significantly higher numbers than DCIS (P = .001). High numbers of FOXP3-positive TR identified patients with DCIS at increased risk of relapse (P = .04) and patients with invasive tumors with both shorter relapse-free (P = .004) and overall survival (P = .007). High TR numbers were present in high-grade tumors (P ≤ .001), in patients with lymph node involvement (P = .01), and in estrogen receptor (ER) –negative tumors (P = .001). Importantly, high numbers of TR within ER-positive tumors identified high-risk patients (P = .005). Unlike conventional clinicopathologic factors, high numbers of FOXP3-positive TR can identify patients at risk of relapse after 5 years. Conclusion These findings indicate that quantification of FOXP3-positive TR in breast tumors is valuable for assessing disease prognosis and progression, and that TR are an important therapeutic target for breast cancer. FOXP3-positive TR represent a novel marker for identifying late-relapse patients who may benefit from aromatase therapy after standard tamoxifen treatment.

scholarly journals Next-generation sequencing–based posttransplant monitoring of acute myeloid leukemia identifies patients at high risk of relapse

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (15) ◽  
pp. 1604-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
TaeHyung Kim ◽  
Joon Ho Moon ◽  
Jae-Sook Ahn ◽  
Yeo-Kyeoung Kim ◽  
Seung-Shin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Longitudinal Tracking ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Allelic Burden ◽  
Risk Of Relapse ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Key Points Higher allelic burden at day 21 of post-HCT is associated with higher risk of relapse and mortality. Longitudinal tracking of AML patients receiving HCT is feasible and provides clinically relevant information.

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