Isaac Newton: the rise of a scientist 1661-1671

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Early Mathematics ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The World ◽  
Experimental Scientist ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Better Than

D. T. WHITESIDE, the editor of Newton’s collected mathematical works, has recently described how Newton’s creative intellect suddenly burst forth in a scarcely controlled blaze and how his mathematical spirit, till then dormant, took fire in the magical year 1664. Dr Whiteside knows Newton and his mathematics better than anybody else, but all the same we are left not a little bewildered. How could Newton in a few months acquire such mastery of mathematical tools and techniques and such insight into the relevant literature that he might compete with and even outstrip the foremost mathematicians of his time? There may be holes in our knowledge of Newton’s early mathematics. If they cannot be filled, an investigation of Newton’s other scientific pursuits seems called for. This is most easily done in optics where Newton’s own ‘historicall narration’ describes his birth as an experimental scientist, or rather it describes how Newton wished to appear to the world. To quote from the letter (2) Newton sent to Oldenburg and the Royal Society in January 1672:

scholarly journals Measures and programs for preventing violence in school

2004 ◽  
pp. 168-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Gasic-Pavisic
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Prevention Of Violence ◽  
The World ◽  
Insight Into

In many countries across the world schools are no longer a safe place for both students and school staff. Violence in school is an issue scarcely studied in Serbia and there are few articles in domestic professional literature. At national and local level there are not developed strategies nor programs for preventing violence among students in our schools. There are no data about planned, systematic and organized prevention of violence in the practice of our schools. The data obtained by investigations indicate that it is necessary to apply adequate programs for preventing violence among students in our schools, despite the finding that violence in school is not that much conspicuous and serious problem like in other countries (USA Israel, Japan, Austria, Germany). On the basis of relevant literature review the present paper high?lights some very popular and less notorious measures and prevention programs applied in various countries. The aim of the paper is to transmit basic and essential pieces of information so as to gain insight into diverse existing approaches to prevention of violent behavior in school hopefully to encourage our schools to pay more attention to preventing violence in school as soon as possible before it is too late.

Separating Private and Business Identities

2011 ◽  
pp. 114-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor György Gulyás ◽  
Róbert Schulcz ◽  
Sándor Imre
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Employee Privacy ◽  
The World ◽  
Privacy Enhancing Technologies ◽  
Workplace Surveillance ◽  
Insight Into

As various information technologies are penetrating everyday life, private and business matters inevitably mingle. Separating private and business past records, public information, actions or identities may, however, be crucial for an employee in certain situations. In this chapter we review the interrelated areas of employee privacy, and analyze in detail two areas of special importance from the viewpoint of the separation: web and social network privacy. In relation to these areas we discuss threats and solutions in parallel, and besides surveying the relevant literature, we also present current Privacy Enhancing Technologies applicable in each area. Additionally, we briefly review other means of workplace surveillance, providing some insight into the world of smartphones, where we expect the rise of new privacy-protecting technologies as these devices are getting capable of taking over the functions of personal computers.

On the Genius and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-86
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Universal Gravitation ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law

This chapter presents George Boole's lecture on the discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton. The first subject of importance that engaged Newton's attention was the phenomena of prismatic colors. The results of his inquiries were communicated to the Royal Society in the year 1675, and afterwards published with most important additions in 1704. The production was entitled “Optics; or, a Treatise on the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections, and Colours of Light.” It is considered one of the most elaborate and original of his works, and carries on every page the traces of a powerful and comprehensive mind. Newton also discovered universal gravitation, which was announced to the world in 1687 through the publication of the “Principia, or Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy.” The object of the “Principia” is twofold: to demonstrate the law of planetary influence, and to apply that law to the purposes of calculation.

Newton's telescope, an examination of the reflecting telescope attributed to Sir Isaac Newton in the possession of the Royal Society

1979 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Optic Axis ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Christiaan Huygens ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Charles Ii ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Made In

Isaac Newton (1642-1727, F.R.S. 1672, P.R.S. 1703-1727) is generally I credited with the invention of the reflecting telescope, having conceived the idea in 1666* (1, 2, 3). In fact Gregory (4) and others (5) had by that time already considered telescopes employing curved mirrors, but late in 1668 Newton was the first to construct a working model (1,6). This instrument was also the first to employ a small elliptical plane mirror, inclined at 450 to the optic axis, to reflect the convergent beam from the primary mirror to an eyepiece mounted on the side of the telescope tube—a compact and very successful design now universally recognized as the Newtonian reflector. A second instrument made in the Autumn of 1671 (2) proved ‘sensibly better’ than the first. W ord of the invention reached the Royal Society, and Newton was invited to send a telescope for inspection by the Fellows. He dispatched the recentlycompleted second model, and it arrived in London in December 1671 (6, 7). At the meeting held n January 1672 (8) it was announced that the telescope had been examined at Whitehall by the King (Charles II), the President (Lord Brouncker), Sir Robert Moray, Sir Paul Neile, Dr Christopher W ren, and Mr Hooke; and they had formed so good an opinion of it that they had requested the Secretary (Henry Oldenburg) to send a formal description of the instrument to Christiaan Huygens in Paris, in order to secure the rights of the invention to Newton.

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

Women and Agency in Bankim’s Rajmohan’s Wife and Tagore’s The Home and The World

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Dhariwal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Self ◽  
Indian English ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
English Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Status Of Women

Written almost half a century apart, Rajmohan’s Wife (1864) and The Home and the World (1916) can be read as women centric texts written in colonial India. The plot of both the texts is set in Bengal, the cultural and political centre of colonial India. Rajmohan’s Wife, arguably the first Indian English novel, is one of the first novels to realistically represent ‘Woman’ in the nineteenth century. Set in a newly emerging society of India, it provides an insight into the status of women, their susceptibility and dependence on men. The Home and the World, written at the height of Swadeshi movement in Bengal, presents its woman protagonist in a much progressive space. The paper closely examines these two texts and argues that women enact their agency in relational spaces which leads to the process of their ‘becoming’. The paper analyses this journey of the progress of the self, which starts with Matangini and culminates in Bimala. The paper concludes that women’s journey to emancipation is symbolic of the journey of the nation to independence.

Critical Insight into the Attributes of Emerging Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in India and Across the World

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Gaurav M. Doshi ◽  
Hemen S. Ved ◽  
Ami P. Thakkar
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Insight ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Old Drugs

The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently announced the spread of novel coronavirus (nCoV) globally and has declared it a pandemic. The probable source of transmission of the virus, which is from animal to human and human to human contact, has been established. As per the statistics reported by the WHO on 11th April 2020, data has shown that more than sixteen lakh confirmed cases have been identified globally. The reported cases related to nCoV in India have been rising substantially. The review article discusses the characteristics of nCoV in detail with the probability of potentially effective old drugs that may inhibit the virus. The research may further emphasize and draw the attention of the world towards the development of an effective vaccine as well as alternative therapies. Moreover, the article will help to bridge the gap between the new researchers since it’s the current thrust area of research.

Becoming the World's Biggest Brewer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Bertrams ◽  
Julien Del Marmol ◽  
Sander Geerts ◽  
Eline Poelmans
Keyword(s):  
Local Environment ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
National Market ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Global Company ◽  
Insight Into

AB InBev is today’s uncontested world leader of the beer market. It represents over 20 per cent of global beer sales, with more than 450 million hectolitres a year flowing all around the world. Its Belgian predecessor, Interbrew, was a success story stemming from the 1971 secret merger of the country’s two leading brewers: Artois and Piedboeuf. Based on first-hand material originating from company and private archives as well as interviews with managers and key family actors, this is the first study to explore the history of the company through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.The story starts in the mid-nineteenth century with the scientific breakthroughs that revolutionized the beer industry and allowed both Artois and Piedboeuf to prosper in a local environment. Instrumental in this respect were the respective families and their successive heirs in stabilizing and developing their firms. Despite the intense difficulties of two world wars in the decades to follow, they emerged stronger than ever and through the 1960s became undisputed leaders in the national market. Then, in an unprecedented move, Artois and Piedboeuf secretly merged their shareholding in 1971, though keeping their operations separate until 1987 when they openly and operationally merged to become Interbrew. Throughout their histories Artois, Piedboeuf, and their successor companies have kept a controlling family ownership. This book provides a unique insight into both the complex history of these three family breweries and their path to becoming a prominent global company, and the growth and consolidation of the beer market through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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