scholarly journals Role reversal in a predator–prey interaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 140186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faustino Sánchez-Garduño ◽  
Pedro Miramontes ◽  
Tatiana T Marquez-Lago
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Role Reversal ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Niche Shifts ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Predator–prey relationships are one of the most studied interactions in population ecology. However, little attention has been paid to the possibility of role exchange between species, despite firm field evidence of such phenomena in nature. In this paper, we build a mathematical model capable of reproducing the main phenomenological features of role reversal in a classical system and present results for both the temporal and spatio-temporal cases. We show that, depending on the choice of parameters, our role-reversal dynamical system exhibits excitable-like behaviour, generating waves of species' concentrations that propagate through space. Our findings fill a long-standing gap in modelling ecological interactions and can be applicable to better understanding ecological niche shifts and planning of sustainable ecosystems.

scholarly journals Infective prey leads to a partial role reversal in a predator-prey interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veijo Kaitala ◽  
Mikko Koivu-Jolma ◽  
Jouni Laakso
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Role Reversal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Vibrio Splendidus ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Population Dynamics Model ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Major Factors

AbstractAn infective prey has the potential to infect, kill and consume its predator. Such a prey-predator relationship fundamentally differs from the classical Lotka-Volterra predator-prey premise because the prey can directly profit from the predator as a growth resource. Here we present a population dynamics model of partial role reversal in the predator-prey interaction. We parametrize the model to represent the predator-prey interaction of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and bacterium Vibrio splendidus. We observe that two major factors stabilize the predator-prey interaction. First, the partial role reversal in the predator-prey community stabilizes the predator-prey interaction. Second, if the predator is a generalist and follows the type I functional response in attacking the prey, the predator-prey interaction is stable. We also analysed the conditions for species extinction. The extinction of the prey, V. splendidus, may occur when its growth rate is low, or in the absence of infectivity. The extinction of the predator, A. japonicus, may follow if either the infectivity of the prey is high or a moderately infective prey is abundant. We conclude that partial role reversal is an underestimated subject in predator-prey studies.

scholarly journals Behavioural mechanisms underlying parasite-mediated competition for refuges in a coral reef fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham E. Forrester ◽  
Erin Chille ◽  
Katie Nickles ◽  
Kiran Reed
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Parasitic Copepod ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Host Manipulation ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Host Behaviour

Abstract Parasites have been increasingly recognized as participants in indirect ecological interactions, including those mediated by parasite-induced changes to host behaviour (trait-mediated indirect interactions or TMIIs). In most documented examples, host behaviours altered by parasites increase susceptibility to predation because the predator is also a host (host-manipulation). Here, we test for a TMII in which a parasitic copepod modifies the predator-prey interaction between a small goby host and several larger predatory fish. Gobies compete for crevices in the reef to avoid predation and goby mortality increases more rapidly with increasing refuge shortage for parasitized gobies than for those free of parasites. We found interactive effects of refuge shortage and parasitism on two behaviours we predicted might be associated with parasite-mediated competition for refuges. First, as refuge-shortage increases, the rate of aggression among gobies increases and parasitism intensifies this interaction. Second, goby proximity to refuges increases as refuges become scarce, but parasitism nullifies this increase. In combination, these parasite-induced changes in behaviour may explain why parasitized gobies are poor competitors for refuges. Because the parasite is not trophically transmitted via host manipulation, these altered behaviours in parasitized gobies are likely coincidental to infection.

scholarly journals Infective prey leads to a partial role reversal in a predator-prey interaction

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0249156
Author(s):  
Veijo Kaitala ◽  
Mikko Koivu-Jolma ◽  
Jouni Laakso
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Grazing Rate ◽  
Role Reversal ◽  
Relative Population ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Population Dynamics Model ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Important Food Source

An infective prey has the potential to infect, kill and consume its predator. Such a prey-predator relationship fundamentally differs from the predator-prey interaction because the prey can directly profit from the predator as a growth resource. Here we present a population dynamics model of partial role reversal in the predator-prey interaction of two species, the bottom dwelling marine deposit feeder sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and an important food source for the sea cucumber but potentially infective bacterium Vibrio splendidus. We analyse the effects of different parameters, e.g. infectivity and grazing rate, on the population sizes. We show that relative population sizes of the sea cucumber and V. Splendidus may switch with increasing infectivity. We also show that in the partial role reversal interaction the infective prey may benefit from the presence of the predator such that the population size may exceed the value of the carrying capacity of the prey in the absence of the predator. We also analysed the conditions for species extinction. The extinction of the prey, V. splendidus, may occur when its growth rate is low, or in the absence of infectivity. The extinction of the predator, A. japonicus, may follow if either the infectivity of the prey is high or a moderately infective prey is abundant. We conclude that partial role reversal is an undervalued subject in predator-prey studies.

Predator-Prey Interactions

Ecology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Roth II ◽  
Maria Thaker
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Phenotypic Responses

All animals are either predators or prey and, in most cases, they are both. The interactions involved in attempting to eat and avoid being eaten have strong and wide-reaching influences across all facets of ecology, from individual phenotypic responses and population dynamics, to community interactions, and even to how we attempt to manage and conserve the natural world. As in many subfields of ecology, the science behind predator-prey investigations has been driven by theory, including important advances in generating and testing predictions. This article highlights the breadth of influence that predator-prey interactions have on ecology. The sections that follow address the effects of predator-prey interactions, such as those at the individual level, expressed through behavior, morphology, physiology, and life history, as well as their effects on population dynamics and community composition. At the individual level, the predator-prey interaction will be arranged in two perspectives: those of the predator and those of the prey. The article also considers the less typical and more integrative aspects of predator-prey interactions, such as their physiological and neurological mechanisms and their relevance for questions associated with conservation. In addition, this article will consider the validity of including parasitism and herbivory within the broad definition of predation. A great deal of debate is ongoing as to whether these two ecological interactions possess similar enough qualities with predation to be characterized as one phenomenon. Those sections of this article will cover this debate and provide the reader with resources with which to consider this question.

scholarly journals Does detection range matter for inferring social networks in a benthic shark using acoustic telemetry?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 170485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Mourier ◽  
Nathan Charles Bass ◽  
Tristan L. Guttridge ◽  
Joanna Day ◽  
Culum Brown
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Acoustic Telemetry ◽  
Marine Animal ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Temporal Behaviour ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Multiple Receiver

Accurately estimating contacts between animals can be critical in ecological studies such as examining social structure, predator–prey interactions or transmission of information and disease. While biotelemetry has been used successfully for such studies in terrestrial systems, it is still under development in the aquatic environment. Acoustic telemetry represents an attractive tool to investigate spatio-temporal behaviour of marine fish and has recently been suggested for monitoring underwater animal interactions. To evaluate the effectiveness of acoustic telemetry in recording interindividual contacts, we compared co-occurrence matrices deduced from three types of acoustic receivers varying in detection range in a benthic shark species. Our results demonstrate that (i) associations produced by acoustic receivers with a large detection range (i.e. Vemco VR2W) were significantly different from those produced by receivers with smaller ranges (i.e. Sonotronics miniSUR receivers and proximity loggers) and (ii) the position of individuals within their network, or centrality, also differed. These findings suggest that acoustic receivers with a large detection range may not be the best option to represent true social networks in the case of a benthic marine animal. While acoustic receivers are increasingly used by marine ecologists, we recommend users first evaluate the influence of detection range to depict accurate individual interactions before using these receivers for social or predator–prey studies. We also advocate for combining multiple receiver types depending on the ecological question being asked and the development of multi-sensor tags or testing of new automated proximity loggers, such as the Encounternet system, to improve the precision and accuracy of social and predator–prey interaction studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document