The Croonian Lecture The lipotropic agents in the protection of the liver, kidney, heart and other organs of experimental animals

1956 ◽  
Vol 145 (919) ◽  
pp. 151-169 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Title I ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Write Text

Our successors in medical research will read, with amused tolerance, our frequent agonized protests that the volume of literature which we should comprehend exceeds our capacity. Those of us who teach and write text-books for medical students and practitioners are forced to depend more and more upon the review journals. The number and breadth of the fields in which one can pose, even transiently, as an authority are diminishing rapidly. But if one looked only at this aspect of the picture an ageing outlook on the most fascinating of all games, medical research and teaching, might be suggested. The appearance of new authorities is most stimulating, and it is refreshingly obvious that the soaring rate of publication has not inhibited research. We must co-ordinate the abstracting services in our field, continue the struggle to eliminate unworthy papers, hope for even better colloquia and review journals, and confidently expect that the next fifty years will contribute more to medical science than has the past vigorous half-century. The award of the Croonian Lectureship has given me exceptional pleasure and a sense of great responsibility. In selecting a title I have considered the principal subjects in which I have endeavoured to keep abreast, and the choice has thus been narrowed to insulin and experimental diabetes, heparin and thrombosis, and the dietary factor choline and its precursors, which we have termed the lipotropic agents. Certain of the effects of these three substances might be discussed in a single lecture, since they all affect either the formation, distribution or the state of fat in the body. The action of a lipokinetic constituent of the anterior pituitary, first clearly demonstrated in our laboratory in 1936 (Best & Campbell), which increases the rate of mobilization of depot fat to the liver (Barrett, Best & Ridout 1938; Stetten & Salcedo 1944), might also have been included. The fat-mobilizing effect of anterior pituitary extracts may be due to Evans’s somatotropin, to the adrenocorticotropic hormone, to a more specific but as yet unidentified substance or, of course, to more than one of these. The four factors, insulin, choline, heparin and ‘adipokinin’ (Weil & Stetten 1947) have given us a measure of control over fat metabolism which our predecessors did not enjoy. There are, of course, other dietary and hormonal agents affecting these processes which one would have to discuss in a comprehensive treatment of the field. I shall not even list these and, indeed, after a very brief consideration of insulin and heparin, particularly in relation to fat metabolism, I shall limit my discussion to ‘the lipotropic agents’.

Bodies and Buildings

2020 ◽  
pp. 393-415
Author(s):  
Corinna Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
The Body ◽  
Victorian Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research On Human Subjects ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Health And Well Being

Issues around the body have tended to be seen as the concerns of medical materialists and utilitarians, but rarely medievalists. This perception is reflected in the fact that the body only features occasionally in scholarship on Victorian medievalism. However, this chapter makes the claim that medievalists were deeply invested in issues of health and death, as well as anatomy and other branches of medicine. Moreover, medievalists often evoked the past in support of views about the ethics and care of the body that were surprisingly comparable to that of their supposed sworn enemies, materialists and utilitarians. There is a strain of thought, and an aesthetics, that runs through Victorian culture, which could be called ‘materialist medievalism’. I argue that the view of a bifurcated Victorian society has obscured how often opinions between seemingly incompatible thinkers overlapped on aesthetic, philosophical, and ‘condition of England’ questions that focused on the body. It is my hope that this reconsideration will help us better understand the Victorian foundations of our modern concerns with surveillance, medical research on human subjects, health and well-being in urban environments, and memorialization and care of the dead.

WISDOM OF A NOBEL PRIZE WINNER

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
N. Timbergen
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
General Public ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Prestige

"What is the upshot of these remarks?" First of all they stress the importance for medical science of open minded observation—of "watching and wondering." This basic scientific method is still too often looked down upon by those blinded by the glamor of apparatus, by the prestige of tests, and by the temptation to turn to drugs . . ." Medical science and practice meet with a growing sense of unease and lack of confidence from the side of the general public. The causes are complex, but at least in one respect the situation could be improved: a little more open mindedness, a little more collaboration with other biologic sciences and a little more attention to the body as a whole and the unity of body and mind could substantially enrich the field of medical research.

Derrida on Pornography: Putting (It) Up for Sale

Derrida Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Morris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
French Original ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
Academic Debate

Over the past thirty years, academic debate over pornography in the discourses of feminism and cultural studies has foundered on questions of the performative and of the word's definition. In the polylogue of Droit de regards, pornography is defined as la mise en vente that is taking place in the act of exegesis in progress. (Wills's idiomatic English translation includes an ‘it’ that is absent in the French original). The definition in Droit de regards alludes to the word's etymology (writing by or about prostitutes) but leaves the referent of the ‘sale’ suspended. Pornography as la mise en vente boldly restates the necessary iterability of the sign and anticipates two of Derrida's late arguments: that there is no ‘the’ body and that performatives may be powerless. Deriving a definition of pornography from a truncated etymology exemplifies the prosthesis of origin and challenges other critical discourses to explain how pornography can be understood as anything more than ‘putting (it) up for sale’.

Receptions of the Past: Commemoration, Racism, Desire

Somatechnics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-303
Author(s):  
Michael Connors Jackman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Race And Racism ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

This article investigates the ways in which the work of The Body Politic (TBP), the first major lesbian and gay newspaper in Canada, comes to be commemorated in queer publics and how it figures in the memories of those who were involved in producing the paper. In revisiting a critical point in the history of TBP from 1985 when controversy erupted over race and racism within the editorial collective, this discussion considers the role of memory in the reproduction of whiteness and in the rupture of standard narratives about the past. As the controversy continues to haunt contemporary queer activism in Canada, the productive work of memory must be considered an essential aspect of how, when and for what reasons the work of TBP comes to be commemorated. By revisiting the events of 1985 and by sifting through interviews with individuals who contributed to the work of TBP, this article complicates the narrative of TBP as a bluntly racist endeavour whilst questioning the white privilege and racially-charged demands that undergird its commemoration. The work of producing and preserving queer history is a vital means of challenging the intentional and strategic erasure of queer existence, but those who engage in such efforts must remain attentive to the unequal terrain of social relations within which remembering forms its objects.

Body and Desire

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael A. Cadenhead
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
Diachronic Analysis

Although the reception of the Eastern father Gregory of Nyssa has varied over the centuries, the past few decades have witnessed a profound awakening of interest in his thought, particularly in relation to the contentious issues of gender, sex, and sexuality. The Body and Desire sets out to retrieve the full range of Gregory’s thinking on the challenges of the ascetic life through a diachronic analysis of his oeuvre. Exploring his understanding of the importance of bodily and spiritual maturation in the practices of contemplation and virtue, Raphael Cadenhead recovers the vital relevance of this vision of transformation for contemporary ethical discourse.

Stress management: Corpus-based insights into vernacular interpretations of stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Laurel Smith Stvan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
American English ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Semantic Shift

Examination of the term stress in naturally occurring vernacular prose provides evidence of three separate senses being conflated. A corpus analysis of 818 instances of stress from non-academic texts in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and the Corpus of American Discourses on Health (CADOH) shows a negative prosody for stress, which is portrayed variously as a source outside the body, a physical symptom within the body and an emotional state. The data show that contemporary speakers intermingle the three senses, making more difficult a discussion between doctors and patients of ways to ‘reduce stress’, when stress might be interpreted as a stressor, a symptom, or state of anxiety. This conflation of senses reinforces the impression that stress is pervasive and increasing. In addition, a semantic shift is also refining a new sense for stress, as post-traumatic stress develops as a specific subtype of emotional stress whose use has increased in circulation in the past 20 years.

scholarly journals Epithelial Protein Lost in Neoplasm, EPLIN, the Cellular and Molecular Prospects in Cancers

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1038
Author(s):  
Jianyuan Zeng ◽  
Wen G. Jiang ◽  
Andrew J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene ◽  
Lim Domain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Cytoskeletal Dynamics ◽  
In Cells

Epithelial Protein Lost In Neoplasm (EPLIN), also known as LIMA1 (LIM Domain And Actin Binding 1), was first discovered as a protein differentially expressed in normal and cancerous cell lines. It is now known to be key to the progression and metastasis of certain solid tumours. Despite a slow pace in understanding the biological role in cells and body systems, as well as its clinical implications in the early years since its discovery, recent years have witnessed a rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms of this protein in cells, diseases and indeed the body. EPLIN has drawn more attention over the past few years with its roles expanding from cell migration and cytoskeletal dynamics, to cell cycle, gene regulation, angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis and lipid metabolism. This concise review summarises and discusses the recent progress in understanding EPLIN in biological processes and its implications in cancer.

scholarly journals Evaluating Metrics Applied to the Medical Science Liaison (MSL) Role: A Survey-Based Study of Canadian MSL Leaders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munaza Saleem ◽  
Lisa Cesario ◽  
Lisa Wilcox ◽  
Marsha Haynes ◽  
Simon Collin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professional ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Specialty Care ◽  
Product Lifecycle ◽  
The Past ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Quantitative Metrics ◽  
Frequency Of Use

Abstract Introduction Metrics utilized within the Medical Science Liaison (MSL) role are plentiful and traditionally quantitative. We sought to understand the current use and value of metrics applied to the MSL role, including the use of qualitative metrics. Methods We developed a list of 70 MSL leaders working in Canada, spanning 29 companies. Invitations were emailed Jun 16, 2020 and the 25-question online survey was open for 3 weeks. Questions were designed to assess demographics as well as how and why metrics are applied to the MSL role. Data analyses were descriptive. Results Responses were received from 44 leaders (63%). Of the 42 eligible, 45% had ≤ 2 years of experience as MSL leaders and 86% supported specialty care products over many phases of the product lifecycle. A majority (69%) agreed or strongly agreed that metrics are critical to understanding whether an MSL is delivering value, and 98% had used metrics in the past year. The most common reason to use metrics was ‘to show value/impact of MSLs to leadership’ (66%). The most frequently used metric was ‘number of health-care professional (HCP) interactions’, despite this being seen as having moderate value. Quantitative metrics were used more often than qualitative, although qualitative were more often highly valued. Conclusion The data collected show a lack of agreement between the frequency of use for some metrics and their value in demonstrating the contribution of an MSL. Overall, MSL leaders in our study felt qualitative metrics were a better means of showing the true impact of MSLs.

scholarly journals Body pedagogics, culture and the transactional case of Vélo worlds

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843102199664
Author(s):  
Chris Shilling
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cognitive Information ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Ways Of Life

During the past two decades, there has been a significant growth of sociological studies into the ‘body pedagogics’ of cultural transmission, reproduction and change. Rejecting the tendency to over-valorise cognitive information, these investigations have explored the importance of corporeal capacities, habits and techniques in the processes associated with belonging to specific ‘ways of life’. Focused on practical issues associated with ‘knowing how’ to operate within specific cultures, however, body pedagogic analyses have been less effective at accounting for the incarnation of cultural values. Addressing this limitation, with reference to the radically diverse norms involved historically and contemporarily in ‘vélo worlds’, I develop Dewey’s pragmatist transactionalism by arguing that the social, material and intellectual processes involved in learning physical techniques inevitably entail a concurrent entanglement with, and development of, values.

Design and Marker-Based Validation of a Biplane Fluoroscopy System for Studying the Foot and Ankle

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Iaquinto ◽  
Richard Tsai ◽  
Michael J. Fassbind ◽  
David R. Haynor ◽  
Bruce J. Sangeorzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initial Evaluation ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Biplane Fluoroscopy ◽  
Model Based Analysis

The ability to accurately measure three dimensional (3D) bone kinematics is key to understanding the motion of the joints of the body, and how such motion is altered by injury, disease, and treatment. Precise measurement of such kinematics is technically challenging. Biplane fluoroscopy is ideally suited to measure bone motion. Such systems have been developed in the past for both radiographic stereo-photogrammetric analysis (RSA) [1] and the more challenging model-based analysis [2]. Research groups have studied the knee [3,4], shoulder [5] and ankle [6] motion with similar techniques. The work presented here is an initial evaluation of the performance of our system, i.e., a validation that this in-house system can detect magnitudes of motion on-par with other existing systems.

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