Bryophyte stable isotope composition, diversity and biomass define tropical montane cloud forest extent

Liverworts and mosses are a major component of the epiphyte flora of tropical montane forest ecosystems. Canopy access was used to analyse the distribution and vertical stratification of bryophyte epiphytes within tree crowns at nine forest sites across a 3400 m elevational gradient in Peru, from the Amazonian basin to the high Andes. The stable isotope compositions of bryophyte organic material ( 13 C/ 12 C and 18 O/ 16 O) are associated with surface water diffusive limitations and, along with C/N content, provide a generic index for the extent of cloud immersion. From lowland to cloud forest δ 13 C increased from −33‰ to −27‰, while δ 18 O increased from 16.3‰ to 18.0‰. Epiphytic bryophyte and associated canopy soil biomass in the cloud immersion zone was estimated at up to 45 t dry mass ha −1 , and overall water holding capacity was equivalent to a 20 mm precipitation event. The study emphasizes the importance of diverse bryophyte communities in sequestering carbon in threatened habitats, with stable isotope analysis allowing future elevational shifts in the cloud base associated with changes in climate to be tracked.

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Paleodietary Patterns of the Cherepakha 13 Site Population (Early Iron Age) in Primorye (Maritime) Province, Russian Far East, based on Stable Isotope Analysis

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/rdc.2018.84 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 1611-1620 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yaroslav V Kuzmin ◽

Vsevolod S Panov ◽

Viacheslav V Gasilin ◽

Sergei V Batarshev

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Iron Age ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Far East ◽

Bone Collagen ◽

Early Iron Age ◽

Terrestrial Mammals ◽

Maritime Province

ABSTRACTNew paleodietary data were obtained after the discovery and excavation in 2015–2017 of the Cherepakha 13 site in the southern part of Primorye (Maritime) Province in far eastern Russia. The site is located near the coast of Ussuri Bay (Sea of Japan) and belongs to the Yankovsky cultural complex of the Early Iron Age 14C-dated to ca. 3000 BP (ca. 1200 cal BC). The stable isotope composition of the bone collagen for 11 humans and 30 animals was determined. For humans, the following values (with±1 sigma) were yielded: δ13C=–10.2±0.8‰; and δ15N=+12.4±0.3‰. The majority of terrestrial animals show the usual isotopic signals: δ13C=–19.4 ÷ –23.3‰; and δ15N=+4.6÷+6.6‰ (for wolves, up to +10.1‰); dogs, however, have an isotopic composition similar to humans: δ13C= –11.7±1.2‰; and δ15N=+12.4±0.4‰. Marine mammals have common values for pinnipeds: δ13C=–13.7 ÷ –14.6‰; and δ15N=+17.4 ÷ +18.0‰. The main food resources for the population of Cherepakha 13 site were (1) marine mollusks, fish, and mammals; and (2) terrestrial mammals; and possibly C4 plants (domesticated millets).

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Precise isotope analysis of tellurium by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using a double spike method

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ◽

10.1039/c8ja00010g ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 1233-1242 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yusuke Fukami ◽

Jun-Ichi Kimura ◽

Katsuhiko Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Stable Isotope Composition ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Analytical Protocol ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Sample Aliquot

We present an analytical protocol to determine the Te/Se ratio and stable isotope composition of Te from a single sample aliquot.

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Stable isotope analysis for control of declared geographic origin of Austrian and Slovak apricots: The IDARPO-Interreg-Project (AT-SK)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-20095 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Micha Horacek

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Stable Isotope Analysis ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Geographic Origin ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Sample Data ◽

First Results ◽

The Eu

Food products of certain geographic origin are more valued by consumers than the same commodities from other regions. Therefore, there is the risk and fear that incorrect labelling and declaration of geographic origin can occur to increase profit. Thus, a control of declared geographic origin is required to ensure correct labelling and to identify fraud.For this purpose, apricot samples of the recent vintage (2019) are investigated to differentiate samples from different apricot-producing regions in Austria, Slovakia and other countries. The isotope composition of the elements hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) of fruit pulp (H, C, N, O), fruit stone (H, C, O) and fruit juice (O) is analysed to find appropriate parameters for the differentiation of geographic origin. The investigation of different sample tissues (pulp, stone, juice) supports a better differentiation of geographic origin due to different seasonal intervals influencing the respective commodities.Within the frame of the project 3 vintages will be investigated and analysed for stable isotopes as well as other analytical techniques (molecular markers). The combination of all sample data (including previously accumulated data, e.g. Horacek 2017, Horacek 2019) will lead to an improved differentiation and identification of geographic origin.This work is a contribution to the Interreg project IDARPO partially funded by the EU-Interreg program.References:Horacek, M., 2017, Isotope investigation of apricots from the Wachau-area/Lower Austria (&#8222;Wachauer Marille&#8220;) to control the declared geographic origin: A pilot study &#8211; first results. Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg. 67, p. 219-228.Horacek, M., 2019, Stable isotope analysis for control of declared geographic origin of Austrian apricots. EGU 2019, Vienna.

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Temporal and spatial variation of stable-isotope ratios and accumulation rates in the hinterland of Neumayer station, East Antarctica

Journal of Glaciology ◽

10.3189/002214310793146296 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (198) ◽

pp. 673-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Francisco Fernandoy ◽

Hanno Meyer ◽

Hans Oerter ◽

Frank Wilhelms ◽

Wolfgang Graf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Regional Climate ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

East Antarctica ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Tritium Content ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Isotope Record ◽

Dronning Maud Land

AbstractFour firn cores were retrieved in 2007 at two ridges in the area of the Ekström Ice Shelf, Dronning Maud Land, coastal East Antarctica, in order to investigate the recent regional climate variability and the potential for future extraction of an intermediate-depth core. Stable water-isotope analysis, tritium content and electrical conductivity were used to date the cores. For the period 1981–2006 a strong and significant correlation between the stable-isotope composition of firn cores in the hinterland and mean monthly air temperatures at Neumayer station was (r = 0.54−0.71). No atmospheric warming or cooling trend is inferred from our stable-isotope data for the period 1962–2006. The stable-isotope record of the ice/firn cores could expand well beyond the meteorological record of the region. No significant temporal variation of accumulation rates was detected. However, decreasing accumulation rates were found from coast to hinterland, as well as from east (Halvfarryggen) to west (Søråsen). The deuterium excess (d) exhibits similar differences (higher d at Søråsen, lower d at Halvfarryggen), with a weak negative temporal trend on Halvfarryggen (0.04‰ a−1), probably implying increasing oceanic input. We conclude that Halvfarryggen acts as a natural barrier for moisture-carrying air masses circulating in the region from east to west.

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Saurichthys (Pisces, Actinopterygii) teeth from the Lower Triassic of Spitsbergen, with comments on their stable isotope composition (δ13C and δ18O) and X−ray microtomography

Polish Polar Research ◽

10.2478/popore-2013-0007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 23-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Błażej Błażejowski ◽

Christopher J. Duffin ◽

Piotr Gieszcz ◽

Krzysztof Małkowski ◽

Marcin Binkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Lower Triassic ◽

X Ray ◽

Tooth Histology ◽

Fish Remains ◽

First Time ◽

Fish Teeth ◽

Non Destructive

Abstract A rich collection of exceptionally preserved Lower Triassic fossil fish remains obtained during the Polish Spitsbergen Expedition of 2005 includes many isolated teeth be− lieved to belong to a saurichthyid actinopterygian. Stable isotope analysis (δ13C and δ18O) of putative Saurichthys teeth from the Hornsund area (South Spitsbergen) acting as a paleoenvironmental proxy has permitted trophic−level reconstruction and comparison with other Lower Triassic fish teeth from the same location. The broader range of δ13C values ob− tained for durophagous teeth of the hybodont selachian, Lissodus, probably reflects its mi− gratory behaviour and perhaps a greater feeding diversity. X−ray microcomputed tomogra− phy (XMT), a non−destructive technique, is used for the first time in order to elucidate de− tails of tooth histology, the results of which suggest that the method has considerable poten− tial as a future analytical tool.

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Isotope Analysis (13C, 18O) of Wine From Central and Eastern Europe and Argentina, 2008 and 2009 Vintages: Differentiation of Origin, Environmental Indications, and Variations Within Countries

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems ◽

10.3389/fsufs.2021.638941 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Micha Horacek ◽

Nives Ogrinc ◽

Dana Alina Magdas ◽

Daniel Wunderlin ◽

Sanja Sucur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Eastern Europe ◽

Central And Eastern Europe ◽

Adriatic Sea ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Eastern European ◽

Stable Isotope Composition ◽

Weather Situation ◽

Similarities And Differences

In this study, we compare the stable isotope composition of oxygen and carbon of wines from four Central and Southeastern European countries and from Argentina to study the similarities and differences in the isotope signatures and, thus, the potential of differentiation of the various wine-growing countries. We observe similar trends for wines from Austria, Slovenia, and Romania with respect to the vintages 2008 and 2009, which are absent in the Montenegrin and Argentinean samples. It is speculated that the weather develops similarly for Austria, Slovenia, and Romania, as these countries are positioned at a similar latitude and not too far away from each other (general central and eastern European weather situation), whereas Montenegro is not influenced by the latter being situated farther south and dominantly influenced by the Adriatic Sea. Investigations on further vintages are needed to test this assumption.

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The influence of sex, hormone status, and growth rate on dietary isotope fractionation: a case study with laboratory rats

10.1101/2021.03.25.436995 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jessica Santollo ◽

Caroline Jones ◽

Sora L Kim

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Stable Isotope Analysis ◽

Trophic Ecology ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Gonadal Hormones ◽

Gonadal Hormone ◽

Laboratory Rats

Stable isotope analysis is increasingly used to discern ecological differences within and among species, especially those difficult to observe. In applied ecological studies, variations in stable isotope composition are often attributed to foraging behavior or trophic ecology rather than fractionation during metabolic processes. One physiological difference among individuals is gonadal hormone levels, which affects food intake, metabolism, and locomotor activity. However, it is unclear how these effects, isolated from ecology, affect metabolic dynamics and expression in stable isotope analysis. Here, we test the linkage between gonadal hormones and isotopic heterogeneity among individuals with captive rats. We found that sex and removal of gonadal hormones are factors either individually or interactive for d15N and d13C values in serum and blood as well as d15N values of muscle and liver. Furthermore, the degree of fractionation in these tissues is related to growth rate. Gonadectomization also affected isotopic composition for liver d13C values and kidney d15N values, but fat d13C values were affected only by sex. The pattern of differentiation between groups was most different for kidney d15N and d13C values, which also had the largest isotopic variability among groups. Overall, isotopic variation within one tissue for the four groups demonstrated up to 1 ‰ difference in d13C and d15N values suggesting that sex based within population variations should into consideration these potential physiological effects.

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Preparation of aqueous fatty acids for hydrogen and carbon stable isotope analysis by solid phase extraction

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf12192 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 294 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Timothy J. Benbow ◽

Alan R. Hayman ◽

Robert Van Hale ◽

Russell Frew

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Natural Waters ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Isotopic Fractionation ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Surface Modified

Stable isotope analyses of fatty acids in environmental waters provides important information as to their source(s). Analysis is often confounded due to low concentrations of fatty acids and/or a complex sample matrix requiring separation of the target analyte. The purpose of this study was to validate a method to extract fatty acids from natural waters using solid phase extraction (SPE) before compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA). Three SPE cartridges and multiple eluting solvents were tested to determine the efficiency, isotopic fractionation, and reproducibility of each extraction technique. Our results indicated that surface-modified styrene divinylbenzene cartridges, when eluted with methanol, caused negligible fractionation of the hydrogen isotopes and minimal fractionation of the carbon isotopes, but that isotopic fractionation occurred when compounds were only partially eluted from SPE cartridges. Compounds were also extracted from landfill leachate using both SPE and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE). The hydrogen isotope composition (δ2H) of compounds extracted from water using either method were within experimental precision and the carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of all but one fatty acid were within experimental precision. Therefore, these experiments prove the aforementioned SPE methods to be a convenient and precise method to extract fatty acids from natural waters before CSIA.

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Statistical relationship between the air moisture source and stable isotope composition of precipitation in Hungary

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-11413 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Emese Bottyán ◽

Erzsébet Kristóf ◽

Krisztina Kármán ◽

László Haszpra ◽

Tamás Weidinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Mediterranean Sea ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Carpathian Basin ◽

Precipitation Event ◽

Moisture Source ◽

Source Regions ◽

Excess Value ◽

Precipitation Events

This study presents a detailed statistical analysis on the relationship of precipitation water origin and its stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions for six sites in Hungary. We carried out a moisture source diagnostic by analyzing backward trajectories as it has become a common method for identifying moisture uptake locations. For providing 96 hours long precipitation-event based backward trajectories, we used the NOAA HYSPLIT model on daily basis for six sites of three elevation, 500 m, 1500 m and 3000 m. The moisture uptake regions were determined by calculating specific humidity along the trajectories. Five possible moisture source regions for precipitation were defined: Atlantic Ocean, North European Seas, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Carpathian Basin and European continental areas excluding the Carpathian Basin. The main water vapor source areas are in order the continental regions following by the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. However, there are spatial differences among the sampling sites reflecting the importance of the geographical locations. Principal component analysis based on the d-excess value of precipitation events showed that source regions such as the Carpathian Basin, the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea are separated on the plain determined by the first two principal components. In order to evaluate the impact of the moisture source region on the d-excess value of precipitation events, we carried out ANOVA on the precipitation-event based macrosynoptic classification (Hess-Brezowsky and P&#233;czely). Our results suggest that there are significant differences between amount-weighted d-excess values belonging to different macrosynoptic patterns and these types are related to precipitation events from different moisture source regions. Cluster analysis confirmed the differences in precipitation stable isotope values according to the moisture sources. The observations (precipitation events) were projected on the plain outspreaded by the first two principal components. The coordinates of the observations in this coordinate-system are separated according to the three main moisture source regions. Cluster analysis was also carried out based on d-excess values. The investigation showed that lower d-excess values are related to the Atlantic Ocean, while higher values to the Mediterranean Sea. Thus, we can conclude that the moisture source has strong impact on the stable isotope composition of precipitation water even relative far from the marine regions. The research was supported by the &#218;NKP-19-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office (project No. OTKA NK 101664, PD 121387) and the AgroMo project (GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00028).

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Stable isotope composition of walleye: 15N accumulation with age and area-specific differences in δ13C

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f01-072 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 1253-1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Nathanael C Overman ◽

Donna L Parrish

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Isotopic Composition ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Trophic Position ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Isotope Analysis ◽

Isotopic Fractionation ◽

Stomach Content Analysis ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

N Accumulation

Stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios were measured for walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) collected across Lake Champlain, Vermont, to determine relationships between isotopic composition and diet, location of capture, length, weight, and age. Variation in δ13C values reflected area-specific differences in isotopic composition of organisms collected across the lake. A critical assumption in the application of isotope techniques is that a predictable relationship exists between the diet and isotopic composition of an organism. Our results indicate that isotopic fractionation factors may not be independent of age as has largely been assumed. By combining stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analysis with conventional stomach content analysis, we documented significant age effects in the δ15N composition of adult walleye that were not attributable to observed changes in diet. Age accounted for 81% of the variation in δ15N values of walleye (ages 227, N = 65, δ15N range = 15.319.2), providing evidence supporting 15N accumulation over the life span of walleye. Therefore, the risk of making faulty inferences of trophic position and food web interactions based on δ15N values may be increased when age is unknown. Our results indicate that metabolic effects associated with age require greater consideration in applications of stable isotope analysis.

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