scholarly journals VI. On the reversal of the lines of metallic vapours

1879 ◽  
Vol 29 (196-199) ◽  
pp. 402-406 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Electric Machine ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
Made In

The experiments of which the results are here given were all made in the Chemical Laboratory of the Royal Institution, with the powerful electric current from the Siemens dynamo-electric machine.

scholarly journals The relation between the refraction of the elements and their chemical equivalents

1897 ◽  
Vol 60 (359-367) ◽  
pp. 140-146
Keyword(s):  
Royal Institution ◽  
Preliminary Account ◽  
Made In

This paper is. intended to give a preliminary account of some recent investigations into the specific refraction of the elements. It may be conveniently divided into two distinct parts. The first part is a revision and extension of the list of specific and atomic refractions, which was first published in the ‘ Phil. Trans.’ for 1870, and was reprinted with modifications in a lecture given at the Royal Institution in 1877. The second part is an amplification of some deductions made in that lecture.

scholarly journals XXIX. An account of some experiments to measure the velocity of electricity and the duration of electric light

1834 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Machine ◽  
Angular Motion ◽  
Continuous Line ◽  
Rapid Motion ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Electric Light ◽  
Rotatory Motion

The path of a luminous or an illuminated point in rapid motion, it is well known, appears as a continuous line, in consequence of the after duration of the visual im­pression. There is nothing, however, in the appearance of such a line by which the eye can determine either the direction or the velocity of the motion which generates it. It occurred to me some years since, that if the motion which described the line in these cases were to be compounded with another motion, the direction and velocity of which were known, it would be easy, from an inspection of the resultant straight or curved line, to determine the velocity and direction of the former. Following up this idea, I made a series of experiments relating to the oscillatory motions of sono­rous bodies, too numerous, and not sufficiently connected with the subject of the pre­sent communication, to be detailed in this place. The satisfactory results thus ob­tained made me desirous to ascertain whether, by similar means, some information might not be gained respecting the direction and velocity of the electric spark : the method by which I then proposed to effect this purpose was first announced in a lec­ture delivered by Dr. Faraday at the Royal Institution in June, 1830. My attention was again drawn to the subject at the commencement of last year, and I attempted to realize the idea in the following manner. Fig. 1 represents the apparatus employed, which was screwed at a to the spindle of a whirling machine, so that a rapid rotatory motion might be given to it. The upper and lower parts, which were all of brass except the wooden disc b c , were insulated from each other by a stout glass rod d e ; a slip of tinfoil connected the ball h with a , and the upper ball g was capable of adjustment to various distances from the lower one h . When the ball f was placed within striking distance of the prime conductor of an electric machine, a spark passed between them, and also between the balls g and h , which could be separated to the distance of four inches, so as to exhibit a spark of that length. It is obvious, that if the angular motion of the balls were in any sensible proportion to the velocity of electricity, there would be a deviation between the upper and lower terminations of the line. The instrument revolving from left to right, if the motion of the spark be downwards, the deflection of the line should be as in fig. 2; and if its motion be upwards, it should be deflected as in fig. 3.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ELECTRIC FLOW ON DECORATIVE KROM ELECTROPLATING WITH COPPER BASE METAL TOWARD CORROSION RATE

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Ahmadi Ahmadi ◽  
Citra Ayu Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Copper Metal ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Copper Base ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
One Year ◽  
Electroplating Process ◽  
Chrome Electroplating

In this study a decorative chrome electroplating process has been carried out with a copper base metal, metal electroplating is often used as a means to provide a thin layer on the surface of other metals or substrates using metal which has advantages in terms of property and corrosion resistance. In decorative chrome electroplating nickel and chrome are used as coatings, nickel and chrome are used as coatings because of their protective and decorative properties, protective means they can prevent corrosion and decorative because they look shiny so they look attractive. Copper metal is chosen because of its huge application in the community. This study aims to measure the corrosion rate in copper metal after a decorative chrome electroplating process based on electric current used during the electroplating process. This research is important because during the electroplating process a decorative chrome electoplating technique will be obtained in the form of modules, and the module will be used to train students to increase their skills. This research was conducted in the IKIP Mataram chemical laboratory with a time of one year. The process carried out in this study sequentially is to prepare an electrolyte solution used for electroplating, preparing the copper base metal to be free of oxide or rust, nickel coating and finally coating with chrome. From the coating process carried out then the results will be analyzed the corrosion rate by immersion in NaCl solution at a concentration of 36.05 grams / L for 336 hours, based on variations in electric current used during the electroplating process of 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; and 2.5 Ampere, the corrosion rate results were 0.029; 0.013; 0.017; 0.022; and 0.012 mm / yr; while the copper metal which is not coated with a corrosion rate is 0.308 mm / yr. Thus it can be concluded that copper metal coated with nickel chrome will effectively resist the lowest rate of corrosion in the current given 2.5 Ampere.

scholarly journals XX. On the alloys of steel

1822 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 253-270 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
Extended Scale ◽  
Made In ◽  
At Home

The alloys of steel made on a small scale in the laboratory of the Royal Institution proving to be good, and the experiments having excited a very considerable degree of interest both at home and abroad, gave encouragement to attempt the work on a more extended scale, and we have now the pleasure of stating, that alloys similar to those made in the Royal Institution, have been made for the purpose of manufacture; and that they prove to be, in point of excellence, in every respect equal, if not superior, to the smaller productions of the laboratory

scholarly journals The Bakerian lecture. On the manufacture of glass for optical purposes

1833 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 383-385
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Reasonable Expectation ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

As an introduction to his paper, the author gives a short account of the circumstances which have led to the present inquiry. He states the difficulties that exist in procuring glass sufficiently homogeneous to answer the purposes of the optician, and adverts to the efforts made by Guinand and by Fraunhofer to overcome them. As the art was still imperfectly known in this country, the President of the Royal Society in the year 1824 suggested the appointment of a committee, whose labours were facilitated by the Government removing the restrictions imposed by the excise laws to experiments on glass, and also undertaking to bear all the expenses of the inquiry, as long as it held out a reasonable expectation of ultimate success. An expe­rimental glass-house was at first erected on the premises of Messrs. Pellatt and Green, at the Falcon Glass-works; but Mr. Faraday being unable to conduct them at that distance from his own resi­dence, the President and Council of the Royal Society obtained leave of the President and Managers of the Royal Institution to erect an­ other experimental furnace for continuing the investigation on their premises. The author being intrusted with the immediate superintendence of the experimental part of the manufacture of the glass, conceives it to he his especial duty, at the present stage of the inquiry, to give an account of what has been done in his department; for although the investigation is still far from being completed, yet he trusts that a de­cided step has now been made in the manufacture of glass for optical purposes; and that it is due to the Society, as well as to the Go­vernment, to render an account of the results hitherto obtained.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic system implementation in baltra and puerto ayora islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Epeni-Tombo Genial Belvinel ◽  
Guillermo Antonio Loor ◽  
Julio Cesar Hernandez Chilan ◽  
Maria Rodriguez Gamez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
System Implementation ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In ◽  
Modeling Study

In the research, an analysis of the impact of the photovoltaic systems installed in two islands of the Galápagos archipelago is made. In this sense, a series of calculations has been used to find the significant values that have allowed us to choose the specific devices for this project. A modeling study was analyzed to quantify the total energy of the system, the number of possible modules to be installed, the amount of energy to be stored according to the type of batteries and the ampere-hour (Ah) that the regulation set must support of the electric current. The socio-economic and environmental impact of the system on Baltra Island was assessed with an example and estimations to make it explicit, the results of the surveys used are shown through which the most significant results were exposed, exposing that the photovoltaic systems in stage of implantation do not affect the environment, flora and fauna, its greatest impact is in the use of land.

scholarly journals Time development of electric fields and currents in space plasmas

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 1137-1143
Author(s):  
A. T. Y. Lui
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Time Development ◽  
Space Plasmas ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions ◽  
Electric Fields And Currents ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Made In

Abstract. Two different approaches, referred to as Bu and Ej, can be used to examine the time development of electric fields and currents in space plasmas based on the fundamental laws of physics. From the Bu approach, the required equation involves the generalized Ohm's law with some simplifying assumptions. From the Ej approach, the required equation can be derived from the equation of particle motion, coupled self-consistently with Maxwell's equation, and the definition of electric current density. Recently, some strong statements against the Ej approach have been made. In this paper, we evaluate these statements by discussing (1) some limitations of the Bu approach in solving the time development of electric fields and currents, (2) the procedure in calculating self-consistently the time development of the electric current in space plasmas without taking the curl of the magnetic field in some cases, and (3) the dependency of the time development of magnetic field on electric current. It is concluded that the Ej approach can be useful to understand some magnetospheric problems. In particular, statements about the change of electric current are valid theoretical explanations of change in magnetic field during substorms.

‘He who proves, discovers’: John Herschel, William Pepys and the Faraday effect

1985 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Universal Principle ◽  
John Herschel ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
Electro Magnetic

On 8 November 1845 the ‘Weekly Gossip’ column of the Athenaeum began with the following report: Mr Faraday, on Monday, announced, at a meeting of the Council of the Royal Institution, a very remarkable discovery; which appears to connect the imponderable agencies yet closer together, if it does not indeed prove that Light, Heat and Electricity are merely modifications of one great universal principle. This discovery is, that a beam of polarized light is deflected by the electric current, so that it may be made to rotate between the poles of a magnet; and, as we understand, the converse of this, that electro-magnetic rotations may be produced by the agency of light.

scholarly journals Further observations on voltaic combinations; in a letter addressed to Michael Faraday, Esq., D. C. L. F. R. S., Fullerian Professor of Chemistry in the Royal Institution, &c. &c. By John Frederick Daniell, Esq., F. R. S., Professor of Chemistry in King's College, London

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 469-471
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
King's College ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Michael Faraday

In the course of an inquiry on the effects of changes of temperature upon voltaic action, the author was led to observe some curious disturbances and divisions of the electric current produced by the battery, arising from secondary combinations; the results of which observations form the subject of the present paper. He found that the resistance to the passage of the current was diminished by dissolving the sulphate of copper which was in contact with the copper in the standard sulphuric acid, instead of water. The increased effect of the current, as measured by the voltameter, was farther augmented by the heat evolved during the mixture; and wishing to study the influence of temperature in modifying these effects, the author placed the cells of the battery in a tub, filled with hot water. On charging the cells with a solution of muriate of ammonia in the interior, and aqueous solution of sulphate of copper in the exterior compartment, he observed that a portion of the current is discharged by the water in which the apparatus was immersed; its passage being indicated by the disengagement of gas betwixt the adjacent cells, in which case, one of the zinc rods is thrown out of action, and the copper of that cell acts merely as an electrode to the antecedent zinc. A saturated solution of common salt was next placed in contact with the zinc, while the exterior compartments of the cells were filled with a saturated aqueous solution of sulphate of copper; but the effects were much diminished. It thus appeared that the substitution of solutions of the muriates for dilute sulphuric acid was in every way disadvantageous; and it was moreover found that, when the circuit was broken, the copper became seriously injured by their action, and by the formation of a submuriate of that metal.

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