scholarly journals The stark effect in the molecular spectrum of hydrogen

1935 ◽  
Vol 234 (734) ◽  
pp. 115-144 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
New Information ◽  
High Fields ◽  
Band Spectra ◽  
Low Dispersion

In considerations of the effect of electric fields on band spectra one finds attention focussed on the secondary spectrum of hydrogen, which alone shows appreciable Stark effect. Following some rather limited observations by early writers, Kiuti has given a more extensive analysis under low dispersion but high fields. This has remained the standard reference in all but the blue and violet regions where MacDonald has given better resolutions, and has succeeded in correlating some of the observed patterns with theory. The rapid advances made by Richardson and others in the classification of the normal H 2 spectrum together with the recent publication by MacDonald of a complete theory for the Stark effect in H 2 have increased enormously the interest attached to further experimental information. In addition, the Stark patterns have been shown to depend upon the rotational quantum numbers, so that the possibility of obtaining new information which may be of assistance in the analysis of the spectrum must not be overlooked.

scholarly journals Half-integral quantum numbers in the theory of the stark effect and a general hypothesis of fractional quantum numbers

1924 ◽  
Vol 105 (734) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stark Effect ◽  
Zeeman Effect ◽  
Fractional Quantum ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Considerable Success ◽  
Anomalous Zeeman Effect ◽  
Band Spectra ◽  
Fractional Quantum Numbers ◽  
Integral Quantum

1. Indications of the occurrence of fractional quantum numbers have already been found by Kratzer from a study of certain band spectra, and by Curtis in his experimental investigation of helium bands. Heisenberg has also employed half-integral numbers in a quantum theory of the anomalous Zeeman effect with considerable success. The fourth of the slightly extended quantum conditions recently suggested by W. Wilson and applied by the present writer to the Zeeman effect involves a fractional quantum number, as O. W. Richardson has pointed out. K. F. Niessen, in his work on the positively ionised hydrogen molecule, observes certain discontinuities in the energy graphs between symmetrical and asymmetrical models which strongly the occurrence of half-integral quantum orbits for the latter. He refrains, however, from making this assumption, on the ground that it would necessitate the adoption of half numbers in the somewhat allied case of the Stark effect.

scholarly journals Stark-effect in a violet region of the secondary spectrum of hydrogen

1929 ◽  
Vol 123 (791) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Extensive Investigation ◽  
Balmer Series ◽  
High Fields ◽  
Entire Visible Spectrum

Simultaneously with his examination of the effect of electric fields on the Balmer series in hydrogen, Stark observed some general characteristics of the secondary spectrum. In the latter he noted the comparatively small displacements, which were proportional to the square of the field; the lack of symmetry in the splitting; and an apparently general irregularity in the effect. The work was extended by Takamine and Yoshida, Nitta, and Takamine and Kokubu, whose observations included effects on a total of 54 lines. Kiuti has recently used much higher fields in a far more extensive investigation embracing effects throughout the entire visible spectrum. He found regularities in two groups, each composed of three lines. The members of each group were split in like manner and the original lines were accompanied by “satellites” which were displaced toward the violet without any observed splitting. Within each Fulcher band the displacements were, as a rule, alternately large and small. The bands were further marked by a great increase in intensity for high fields.

Adenomyosis – its possible effect on endometrial function and receptivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Karel Crha ◽  
◽  
Michal Ješeta ◽  
Radovan Pilka ◽  
Pavel Ventruba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
New Information

Summary Objective: There have been many studies on adenomyosis, which can impair the quality of life of a woman. There are various kinds of opinions on the pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of adenomyosis. The goal of this article is to present the current knowledge of adenomyosis and its impact on the endometrial function and receptivity. Methods: PubMed/Medline, Web of Sciences and Scopus were searched for the articles in English indexed until February 2021 with terms of: adenomyosis, endometrial receptivity, and infertility. Results: Recent studies on angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the endometrium bring new information on the ethiology and pathogenesis of adenomyosis. In clinical practice, the main diagnostic methods of adenomyosis include transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or hysteroscopy, although the definitive confirmation is set by histopathological examination. The rules of #Enzian classification of endometriosis should be applied for the classification of adenomyosis. The treatment of adenomyosis should consider individual clinical presentation and reproductive plans of a patient and should be performed in centers for the treatment of endometriosis. Conclusion: Adenomyosis affects endometrial vascularisation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition; thus, it can be the cause of irregular uterine bleeding or embryo implantation failure. The research and analysis of endometrial proteome could lead to the new ways of adenomyosis treatment.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Level Splitting in GaInN/GaN Quantum Wells

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 357-362
Author(s):  
C. Wetzel ◽  
T. Takeuchi ◽  
H. Amano ◽  
I. Akasaki
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Electronic Band Structure ◽  
Multiple Quantum Well ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Electronic Band ◽  
Level Splitting

Identification of the electronic band structure in AlInGaN heterostructures is the key issue in high performance light emitter and switching devices. In device-typical GaInN/GaN multiple quantum well samples in a large set of variable composition a clear correspondence of transitions in photo- and electroreflection, as well as photoluminescence is found. The effective band offset across the GaN/GaInN/GaN piezoelectric heterointerface is identified and electric fields from 0.23 - 0.90 MV/cm are directly derived. In the bias voltage dependence a level splitting within the well is observed accompanied by the quantum confined Stark effect. We furthermore find direct correspondence of luminescence bands with reflectance features. This indicates the dominating role of piezoelectric fields in the bandstructure of such typical strained layers.

The Use of Electronic Banking and New Technologies in Cash Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 3914-3920
Author(s):  
Leire San Jose Ruiz de Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Cash Management ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication

The use of new information and communication technologies (ICT) as a business tool has increased rapidly for the past 10 years (Bonsón, Coffin, & Watson, 2000; Claessens, Glaessner, & Klingebiel, 2000; Vasarhelyi & Greenstein, 2003). More specifically, financial software, e-banking, and the Internet, as core aspects of the various technologies used, have become driving forces behind the expansion of firms and the development of cash management. New technologies are considered as one of the most attractive ways for businesses to increase revenue and achieve economies of scale that can reduce unit costs (Ballantine & Stray, 1998; Barajas & Villanueva, 2001; Daniel, 1999; Daniel & Storey, 1997; Deyoung, 2001; Downes & Muy, 1998; Faulder, 2001; Jayawardhena & Foley, 2000). There are different studies about the use of ICT in the management of the enterprise that explain the obtaining of enterprise performance. Brynjolfsson and Hitt (2000) and Nájera (2005) have done a review of these works and a classification of these types of researches. Unfortunately, there are not specific works or empirical researches about the use of e-banking in cash management; consequently, this work is focused in this. The rest of the chapter is structured as follows. The theoretical foundation on which the study is based is explained in Section 2. Section 3 presents the data and the analysis procedure used to conduct the empirical study. The main results of the investigation are shown in Section 4, and Section 5 presents conclusions. The chapter ends with a list of bibliographical references.

Practical Implications of the 2016 Revision of the World Health Organization Classification of Lymphoid and Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23) ◽  
pp. 2708-2715 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Leonard ◽  
Peter Martin ◽  
Gail J. Roboz
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
World Health ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasms ◽  
New Information ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Practical Implications

A major revision of the WHO classification of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemia was released in 2016. A key motivation for this update was to include new information available since the 2008 version with clinical relevance for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of patients. With > 100 entities described, it is important for the clinician to understand features that may be important in daily practice, whereas researchers need to incorporate the new classification scheme into study development and analysis. In this review, we highlight the key aspects of the 2016 update with particular importance to routine patient care and clinical trial design.

scholarly journals Contributions and Prospects for Spectral Classification of Stars with Objective Prism Techniques

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
E. K. Kharadze
Keyword(s):  
Galactic Structure ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Missing Mass ◽  
Mass Problem ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Objective Prism ◽  
Low Dispersion

The following topics will be discussed: a) A few historical comments; b) MK classification - the most important stage of classification work; c) Recently revealed peculiarity features and the problem of further differentiation of the classification scale; d) Classification work in the USSR; e) The role of classification results with respect to galactic structure studies; f) Low dispersion spectra and faint M-type stars and the missing mass problem; g) Extraterrestrial spectral observations: new promising means for research.

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