Adenomyosis – its possible effect on endometrial function and receptivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Karel Crha ◽  
◽  
Michal Ješeta ◽  
Radovan Pilka ◽  
Pavel Ventruba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
New Information

Summary Objective: There have been many studies on adenomyosis, which can impair the quality of life of a woman. There are various kinds of opinions on the pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of adenomyosis. The goal of this article is to present the current knowledge of adenomyosis and its impact on the endometrial function and receptivity. Methods: PubMed/Medline, Web of Sciences and Scopus were searched for the articles in English indexed until February 2021 with terms of: adenomyosis, endometrial receptivity, and infertility. Results: Recent studies on angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the endometrium bring new information on the ethiology and pathogenesis of adenomyosis. In clinical practice, the main diagnostic methods of adenomyosis include transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging or hysteroscopy, although the definitive confirmation is set by histopathological examination. The rules of #Enzian classification of endometriosis should be applied for the classification of adenomyosis. The treatment of adenomyosis should consider individual clinical presentation and reproductive plans of a patient and should be performed in centers for the treatment of endometriosis. Conclusion: Adenomyosis affects endometrial vascularisation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition; thus, it can be the cause of irregular uterine bleeding or embryo implantation failure. The research and analysis of endometrial proteome could lead to the new ways of adenomyosis treatment.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition process during embryo implantation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Oghbaei ◽  
Reza Zarezadeh ◽  
Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou ◽  
Minoo Ranjbar ◽  
Mohammad Nouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Ocular Tuberculosis: Clinics, Diagnosis and Treatment (Literature Review)

The Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
O. E. Russkikh ◽  
N. Y. Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Suggested Classification

Ocular tuberculosis is a serious disease with a long recurrent course, often leading to a significant decrease in the visual functions and quality of life of patients as well as disability. In recent years, the incidence rate of the ocular tuberculosis in the Russian Federation has been declining: in 2016, according to a number of authors, its incidence amounted to 5.2%.Purpose. To systematize literature data on the topic of ocular tuberculosis.Materials and methods. We reviewed literature available on elibrary.ru, cyberleninka.ru websites and in “Clinical Ophthalmology” journal. Results. We suggested classification of the ocular tuberculosis lesions, analyzed modern diagnostic methods and treatment regimens and evaluated their effectiveness.Conclusions. Literature review revealed that in order to improve the quality of detection, diagnosis and treatment of ocular tuberculosis, joint efforts of ophthalmologists and phthisiologists as well as use of modern methods of tuberculinodiagnosis are essential.

scholarly journals Pathways to Breast Cancer Recurrence

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Breast Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Prevention Of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer remains a deadly disease, even with all the recent technological advancements. Early intervention has made an impact, but an overwhelmingly large number of breast cancer patients still live under the fear of “recurrent” disease. Breast cancer recurrence is clinically a huge problem and one that is largely not well understood. Over the years, a number of factors have been studied with an overarching aim of being able to prognose recurrent disease. This paper attempts to provide an overview of our current knowledge of breast cancer recurrence and its associated challenges. Through a survey of the literature on cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), various signaling pathways such as Notch/Wnt/hedgehog, and microRNAs (miRNAs), we also examine the hypotheses that are currently under investigation for the prevention of breast cancer recurrence.

Extracellular vesicles: their role in cancer biology and epithelial–mesenchymal transition

2016 ◽  
Vol 474 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi K. Gopal ◽  
David W. Greening ◽  
Alin Rai ◽  
Maoshan Chen ◽  
Rong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Cell–cell communication is critical across an assortment of physiological and pathological processes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent an integral facet of intercellular communication largely through the transfer of functional cargo such as proteins, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs), DNAs and lipids. EVs, especially exosomes and shed microvesicles, represent an important delivery medium in the tumour micro-environment through the reciprocal dissemination of signals between cancer and resident stromal cells to facilitate tumorigenesis and metastasis. An important step of the metastatic cascade is the reprogramming of cancer cells from an epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype (epithelial–mesenchymal transition, EMT), which is associated with increased aggressiveness, invasiveness and metastatic potential. There is now increasing evidence demonstrating that EVs released by cells undergoing EMT are reprogrammed (protein and RNA content) during this process. This review summarises current knowledge of EV-mediated functional transfer of proteins and RNA species (mRNA, miRNA, long non-coding RNA) between cells in cancer biology and the EMT process. An in-depth understanding of EVs associated with EMT, with emphasis on molecular composition (proteins and RNA species), will provide fundamental insights into cancer biology.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Effects on Cell Differentiation and Stemness in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asunción Fernández-Barral ◽  
Pilar Bustamante-Madrid ◽  
Gemma Ferrer-Mayorga ◽  
Antonio Barbáchano ◽  
María Jesús Larriba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Human Carcinoma ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Egf Signaling

Vitamin D3 is the precursor of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), a pleiotropic hormone that is a major regulator of the human genome. 1,25(OH)2D3 modulates the phenotype and physiology of many cell types by controlling the expression of hundreds of genes in a tissue- and cell-specific fashion. Vitamin D deficiency is common among cancer patients and numerous studies have reported that 1,25(OH)2D3 promotes the differentiation of a wide panel of cultured carcinoma cells, frequently associated with a reduction in cell proliferation and survival. A major mechanism of this action is inhibition of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, which in turn is largely based on antagonism of the Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and EGF signaling pathways. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 controls the gene expression profile and phenotype of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are important players in the tumorigenic process. Moreover, recent data suggest a regulatory role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in the biology of normal and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Here, we revise the current knowledge of the molecular and genetic basis of the regulation by 1,25(OH)2D3 of the differentiation and stemness of human carcinoma cells, CAFs and CSCs. These effects support a homeostatic non-cytotoxic anticancer action of 1,25(OH)2D3 based on reprogramming of the phenotype of several cell types.

scholarly journals Role of circadian rhythm disorders in EMT and tumor–immune interactions in endocrine-related cancers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Hadadi ◽  
Hervé Acloque
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Animal Physiology ◽  
Molecular Machinery ◽  
Epithelial Tumours ◽  
Cell Dissemination

The circadian rhythm is a major environmental regulator of plants and animal physiology. The alternation of days and nights is translated at the cell and tissue level thanks to a molecular machinery, called the circadian clock. This clock controls in particular numerous endocrine functions and its imbalances can have serious consequences on homeostasis. This is particularly true for the development of endocrine-related cancers, like breast, ovarian and prostate cancer. Circadian rhythm disorder (CRD) not only affects key hormone levels (including estrogen, melatonin, insulin, glucagon, cortisol) but also favors a pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive phenotype in the tumour microenvironment. This particular aspect is conducive to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of solid epithelial tumours and cancer cell dissemination. It also favors resistance to chemo- and immunotherapy. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on this crosstalk between CRD, EMT and the immune microenvironment in endocrine-related cancers and its consequences for the development of efficient therapies.

Lipoxin A4 interferes with embryo implantation via suppression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. e13107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangye Xu ◽  
Shenzhi Zhao ◽  
Tong Zhou ◽  
Tingting Liao ◽  
Xianping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Lipoxin A4 ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL AND MESENCHYMAL-EPITHELIAL TRANSITION, PATHOGENESIS, REGULATION, THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
V. Shcherbakov ◽  
T. Ryabichenko ◽  
G. Skosyreva ◽  
A. Trunov
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Lung Carcinogenesis ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ß1 ◽  
Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition

The review considered the issues of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its role in inflammation, fibrosis, tumor growth. There were analyzed mechanisms and classification of EMT. A comparison of different forms of EMTs was performed. The important role of EMT in the formation of metastasis-initiating cells was noted. There were presented data on the role of fibroblasts in fibrosis of the lung, carcinogenesis. Stimulators and inhibitors of EMTs were summarized. There were considered intracellular paths that were associated with the development of the EMT under the influence of transforming growth factor ß1 (TGF - ß1). It also induced the development of local hypothyroidism, for easy expression of oncofetal genes, which was especially important in tumor growth. Therapy EMT was associated with blocking the actions of TGF - ß1 and was an important area in anticancer therapy.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and H2O2 signaling – a driver of disease progression and a vulnerability in cancers

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Milton ◽  
David B. Konrad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Anticancer Treatment

Abstract Mutation-selective drugs constitute a great advancement in personalized anticancer treatment with increased quality of life and overall survival in cancers. However, the high adaptability and evasiveness of cancers can lead to disease progression and the development of drug resistance, which cause recurrence and metastasis. A common characteristic in advanced neoplastic cancers is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is strongly interconnected with H2O2 signaling, increased motility and invasiveness. H2O2 relays its signal through the installation of oxidative posttranslational modifications on cysteines. The increased H2O2 levels that are associated with an EMT confer a heightened sensitivity towards the induction of ferroptosis as a recently discovered vulnerability.

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