Thermal history of magmas; the low pressure reference point

1978 ◽  
Vol 288 (1355) ◽  
pp. 627-629 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Parental Magma ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Thermal Budget ◽  
History Of ◽  
Term Basis

A simple model of volcanic plumbing, which predicts that many observed mineralogical and geochemical features of basalts are products of near-surface fractional crystallization, also predicts that erupted lavas may be 100-250 °C cooler than the parental magma entering the magma chamber, as well as considerably reduced in mass. Observations of the energy of erupted lavas do not, therefore, form a useful reference point from which to attempt to reconstruct the thermal budget of the igneous process and provide only a lowest estimate of the rate at which thermal energy could be extracted from an active volcano on a long term basis.

scholarly journals Long-term time-lapse microgravity and geotechnical monitoring of relict salt mines, Marston, Cheshire, U. K.

Geophysics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. B287-B294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie K. Pringle ◽  
Peter Styles ◽  
Claire P. Howell ◽  
Michael W. Branston ◽  
Rebecca Furner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Ground Subsidence ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Salt Mines ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mine Workings ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Town

The area around the town of Northwich in Cheshire, U. K., has a long history of catastrophic ground subsidence caused by a combination of natural dissolution and collapsing abandoned mine workings within the underlying Triassic halite bedrock geology. In the village of Marston, the Trent and Mersey Canal crosses several abandoned salt mine workings and previously subsiding areas, the canal being breached by a catastrophic subsidence event in 1953. This canal section is the focus of a long-term monitoring study by conventional geotechnical topographic and microgravity surveys. Results of 20 years of topographic time-lapse surveys indicate specific areas of local subsidence that could not be predicted by available site and mine abandonment plan and shaft data. Subsidence has subsequently necessitated four phases of temporary canal bank remediation. Ten years of microgravity time-lapse data have recorded major deepening negative anomalies in specific sections that correlate with topographic data. Gravity 2D modeling using available site data found upwardly propagating voids, and associated collapse material produced a good match with observed microgravity data. Intrusive investigations have confirmed a void at the major anomaly. The advantages of undertaking such long-term studies for near-surface geophysicists, geotechnical engineers, and researchers working in other application areas are discussed.

Late quaternary history of the Stillwater seismic gap, Nevada

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-314
Author(s):  
Robert E. Wallace ◽  
Robert A. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Seismic Gap ◽  
Major Earthquake ◽  
Uplift Rates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Quaternary History ◽  
Fault Scarps

Abstract Fault scarps that formed during the 1915 and 1954 earthquakes in central Nevada are roughly aligned, but are separated by a gap of 40 km. The gap contains no historical scarps and has been termed the Stillwater seismic gap. The abundance, size, and distribution of prehistorical fault scarps is similar in the Stillwater seismic gap and the 1915 and 1954 earthquake areas, and overall height and long-term uplift rates of range blocks are similar throughout the area studied; thus, the faults in the gap do not appear to be locked or appreciably more or less active on a long-term basis than those in areas of the 1915 and 1954 earthquakes. None of the scarps in the gap is likely younger than about 300 yr, so that no major earthquake occurred in that period. The Stillwater seismic gap is part of the central Nevada-eastern California seismic belt, where large-scale surface faulting events have occurred at intervals of a few years to a few decades in a pattern that suggests incremental filling of the belt. If that pattern of belt-filling continues, the Stillwater gap is a likely site for future major faulting, but the low level of seismicity in the gap area suggests that the next major earthquake there is not imminent.

scholarly journals British Colonial Era Architectural History of Abbottabad and its Tourism Prospect

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Hamid Zulfiqar ◽  
Adnan Anwar ◽  
Shahid Mansoor Khan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Objective ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Architectural Characteristics ◽  
The City

This research focuses on exploring the existing valuable yet neglected heritage trail of Abbottabad. The primary objective of the research is to prepare a conservation strategy for the selected heritage trail in the city after profound study culminating in the detailed documentation of architecturally rich and valuable heritage buildings of the city. One of the important focuses of the conservation was the promotion of tourism in the city by attracting the local as well as international tourists by providing details of each historic structure. Documentation of the Architectural characteristics of important buildings in the selected areas of the city was included in the study. Moreover, all important buildings were documented in terms of their location, architectural and artistic importance. The research brought forth some interesting findings regarding the responses of government authorities and the general public towards the rich heritage trail of the area. In the light of these findings, conclusions were derived and a set of suggestions was prepared for practical implications on an immediate as well as long-term basis.

Atypical Femoral Fracture in McCune-Albright Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Salman Ghaffari ◽  
◽  
Mehran Razavipour ◽  
Parastoo Mohammad Amini ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Fracture ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Plate Fixation ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Mccune Albright Syndrome ◽  
Café Au Lait Spots ◽  
History Of ◽  
Albright Syndrome ◽  
Mccune Albright

McCune-Albright Syndrome (MAS) is characterized by endocrinopathies, café-au-lait spots, and fibrous dysplasia. Bisphosphonates are the most prescribed treatment for reducing the pain but their long-term use has been associated with atypical fractures of cortical bones like femur in patients. We present a 23-year-old girl diagnosed with MAS. She had an atypical mid-shaft left femoral fracture that happened during simple walking. She also had a history of long-term use of alendronate. Because of the narrow medullary canal, we used 14 holes hybrid locking plate for the lateral aspect of the thigh to fix the fracture and 5 holes dynamic compression plate (instead of the intramedullary nail) in the anterior surface to double fix it, reducing the probability of device failure. With double plate fixation and discontinuation of alendronate, the complete union was achieved five months after surgery

European Integration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann P. Arnason
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes ◽  
The Eu

Different understandings of European integration, its background and present problems are represented in this book, but they share an emphasis on historical processes, geopolitical dynamics and regional diversity. The introduction surveys approaches to the question of European continuities and discontinuities, before going on to an overview of chapters. The following three contributions deal with long-term perspectives, including the question of Europe as a civilisational entity, the civilisational crisis of the twentieth century, marked by wars and totalitarian regimes, and a comparison of the European Union with the Habsburg Empire, with particular emphasis on similar crisis symptoms. The next three chapters discuss various aspects and contexts of the present crisis. Reflections on the Brexit controversy throw light on a longer history of intra-Union rivalry, enduring disputes and changing external conditions. An analysis of efforts to strengthen the EU’s legal and constitutional framework, and of resistances to them, highlights the unfinished agenda of integration. A closer look at the much-disputed Islamic presence in Europe suggests that an interdependent radicalization of Islamism and the European extreme right is a major factor in current political developments. Three concluding chapters adopt specific regional perspectives. Central and Eastern European countries, especially Poland, are following a path that leads to conflicts with dominant orientations of the EU, but this also raises questions about Europe’s future. The record of Scandinavian policies in relation to Europe exemplifies more general problems faced by peripheral regions. Finally, growing dissonances and divergences within the EU may strengthen the case for Eurasian perspectives.

The natural history of pituitary apoplexy: long term follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Shaikh ◽  
Natasha Shrikrishnapalasuriyar ◽  
Giselle Sharaf ◽  
David Price ◽  
Maneesh Udiawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of

1386-P: Long-Term Weight Change after Pregnancy and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1386-P
Author(s):  
SYLVIA E. BADON ◽  
FEI XU ◽  
CHARLES QUESENBERRY ◽  
ASSIAMIRA FERRARA ◽  
MONIQUE M. HEDDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
History Of

SINGING THE SECOND CHIMURENGA (WAR OF LIBERATION): AN AFROCENTRIC ELUCIDATION OF SIMON CHIMBETU’S SELECTED SONGS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Allan T Maganga ◽  
Charles Tembo ◽  
Peterson Dewah
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
Past Experiences

Oral sources such as proverbs, songs and folktales have been used to reconstruct people’s identities. As a primary ‘means of communication’ music is often used to capture or record peoples’ experiences in history. In Zimbabwe, Simon Chimbetu exemplifies one musician who is in search of his country’s past in as far as he uses his music to record the history of the liberation struggle. This paper provides an in-depth examination of Chimbetu’s selected songs. Singing after the war itself is over, it is argued, the music functions as a reference point to the citizens because it is a transcript of their past experiences something which is essential to the present and future generations. By insisting on educating his audiences on the liberation struggle, Chimbetu satisfies Sankofan approach. It is argued in this paper that Chimbetu’s musical reflections provide enriching experiences and reveals that it is historical music.

Socioeconomic Challenges faced by Basin’s People in India

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304
Author(s):  
Biplab Tripathy ◽  
Tanmoy Mondal
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
High Tide ◽  
North East ◽  
The People ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Major River ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Basin Region ◽  
Basin Area

India is a subcontinent, there huge no of people lived in river basin area. In India there more or less 80% of people directly or indirectly depend on River. Ganga, Brahamputra in North and North East and Mahanadi, Govabori, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmoda, Tapti, Mahi in South are the major river basin in India. There each year due to flood and high tide lots of people are suffered in river basin region in India. These problems destroy the socio economic peace and hope of the people in river basin. There peoples are continuously suffered by lots of difficulties in sort or in long term basis. Few basin regions are always in high alert at the time of monsoon seasons. Sometime due to over migration from basin area, it becomes empty and creates an ultimate loss of resources in India and causes a dis-balance situation in this area.

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