The identification of bonding agents for TATB/HTPB polymer bonded explosives

1992 ◽  
Vol 339 (1654) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
High Explosive ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Polymer Bonded Explosives ◽  
Surface Modified

To obtain a polymer bonded explosive (PBX) with acceptable properties it is generally considered necessary to modify the bonding of the filler explosive to the polymer matrix. This is usually achieved by the addition of a ‘bonding agent’. This paper describes an investigation of the interaction of some bonding agents with the surface of the insensitive high explosive l,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitro-benzene. The mechanical properties of the surface modified explosive loaded into a matrix of isocyanate cured hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene have also been studied to elucidate the role of the bonding agent and produce a PBX with high extensibility.

scholarly journals The use of image analysis for the interaction of 1,3,5-trisubstituted isocyanurates with oxidizer and different binders in composite materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Jasmina Dostanic ◽  
Mihela Barbu ◽  
Radmila Jancic-Heinemann ◽  
Tatjana Volkov-Husovic ◽  
Gordana Uscumlic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Grain Color ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Resin Binder

Composite propellants are non-homogenous propellants and comprise primarily crystalline oxidizer and metal fuels uniformly suspended in a resin binder. The strength of the bonds between the polymer matrix and the oxidizer determine the mechanical properties of composite propellants. In order to achieve good mechanical properties of the fuel, bonding agents are added to the mixture. The role of the bonding agents is to enable good interactions (interphase) between the polymer matrix and the oxidizer grains. The level of interconnection between the phases could be measured by using the surface obtained by cutting the composite material and observing the resulting surface. A problem in the visualization of such a material is to enable the visibility of the polymer matrix and the grains in the image as both phases are white. There are two possible ways to overcome this problem: to add a pigment into the matrix polymer and to color the matrix and make it different from the grain color. Another possibility is to find a solvent for one of the phases and to dissolve one of the phases in an appropriate solvent so that the remaining phase could be stained, photographed and analyzed using the image analysis program. The morphological characteristics of the image could be established and analyzed. The topic of this study was to establish the conditions of preparation of composite propellants containing ammonium per chlorate and HMX and RDX as oxidizers, and polymer of the polybutadiene type and 1,3,5-trisubstituted isocyanurates as bonding agents. The bonding phenomenon was investigated by optical microscopy. The established procedure of preparation will enable the visualization of the composite structure and the morphological characteristics of the surface will be obtained. From the morphological properties of the obtained composite, it will be possible to select a suitable polymer for the preparation of uniformly distributed composite propellant.

scholarly journals Effect of bonding agent production materials on the mechanical properties of composite solid rocket propellant

2018 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 08001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali.M.Abd elall ◽  
Guo Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
Solid Propellants ◽  
Solid Rocket Propellant ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Composite Solid Propellants ◽  
Good Strain ◽  
Solid Rocket ◽  
Composite Solid

An effective pathway was explored to design and select proper bonding agents that could effectively improve the interfacial interactions between bonding agents and solid particles, modern types of composite solid propellants focused on increasing the mechanical properties in order to withstand stresses produced due to various loading conditions, changes in environmental condition, transportation and handling. In this work, the study show that the effect of solvent in production of bonding agent has a different impact on the mechanical properties as the polar solvent in formulation S3 has a good strain values corresponding to the stress. Also the changing of the percentage of CuCl2 has a significant effect on mechanical properties as giving high value of strain with the percentage of 4.5 % and returns back the value of strain decrease with increase the percentage of CuCl2 to give the lowest values of the strain corresponding to the stress value with percentage 7.5 %.

scholarly journals Research on the Synthesis and Performance of a New Type of Neutral Polymer Bonding Agent

2022 ◽  
Vol 2152 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
Junming Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Nitrate Ester ◽  
Bond Performance ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Neutral Polymer

Abstract In order to improve the mechanical properties of nitrate ester plasticized polyether (NEPE) propellants, 3-allylic hydantoin was synthesized by hydantoin, potassium hydroxide and 3-bromopropene, and then a new type of intermediate polymer bonding agent (NPBA) was synthesized by 3-allylic hydantoin, acrylonitrile, hydroxyethyl acrylate and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. At the same time, two traditional neutral polymer bonding agents were synthesized for comparative study. Through the contact angle test, the bond performance prediction shows that: compared with the two traditional bond agents, the bond work between the new bond agent and oxidant (ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate) is greater, indicating that the bond between the new bond agent and oxidant is stronger.

Influence of a bonding agent on the bond strength between a dental Co-Cr alloy and nine different veneering porcelains

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Al Bakkar ◽  
Sebastian Spintzyk ◽  
Christine Schille ◽  
Ernst Schweizer ◽  
Jürgen Geis-Gerstorfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bonding Agent ◽  
Adhesive Failure ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractAdequate bonding between dental veneering porcelains and non-precious metal alloys is a main factor for the long-term functionality of porcelain fused to metal restorations. Although a huge number of veneering porcelains are on the market, only few studies have reported about the role of bonding agents for the bond strength at their respective interface to cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr). The aim of this study was to compare the influence of a metal-ceramic bonding agent for Co-Cr alloys on the bond strength of metal-ceramic systems. The bond strength test was done according to ISO 9693 with additional detection of the first acoustic crack initiated signal while testing. The bonding agent had only minor effects on the bond strength of the different Co-Cr/ceramic systems. Only three of the nine studied systems showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) upon applying the bonding agent. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed cracks predominantly caused by adhesive failure. Based on this study, Co-Cr alloys veneered with porcelains with and without a bonding agent exceeded the minimum bond strength of 25 MPa required according to ISO 9693. However, if bond strength values based on acoustic signals were calculated, values below the threshold of 25 MPa could be observed. Such findings are important for failures caused by the occurrence of early cracks.

scholarly journals Analysis of PLA Composite Filaments Reinforced with Lignin and Polymerised-Lignin-Treated NFC

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2174
Author(s):  
Diana Gregor-Svetec ◽  
Mirjam Leskovšek ◽  
Blaž Leskovar ◽  
Urška Stanković Elesini ◽  
Urška Vrabič-Brodnjak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glassy State ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Initial Modulus ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most suitable materials for 3D printing. Blending with nanoparticles improves some of its properties, broadening its application possibilities. The article presents a study of composite PLA matrix filaments with added unmodified and lignin/polymerised lignin surface-modified nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). The influence of untreated and surface-modified NFC on morphological, mechanical, technological, infrared spectroscopic, and dynamic mechanical properties was evaluated for different groups of samples. As determined by the stereo and scanning electron microscopy, the unmodified and surface-modified NFCs with lignin and polymerised lignin were present in the form of plate-shaped agglomerates. The addition of NFC slightly reduced the filaments’ tensile strength, stretchability, and ability to absorb energy, while in contrast, the initial modulus slightly improved. By adding NFC to the PLA matrix, the bending storage modulus (E’) decreased slightly at lower temperatures, especially in the PLA samples with 3 wt% and 5 wt% NFC. When NFC was modified with lignin and polymerised lignin, an increase in E’ was noticed, especially in the glassy state.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document