scholarly journals Tropical mayhem: a chronic viral disease with superadded parasitic infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-235
Author(s):  
Kaushal Madan ◽  
Sreenivasa Baba Chalamalsetty ◽  
Siddharth Srivastava ◽  
Siddhartha Datta Gupta ◽  
Bijay R. Mirdha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Atypical Manifestations ◽  
Mucosal Mass

Coexistence of two illnesses in the same patient may result in atypical manifestations of either or both diseases. A case of hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis in a patient who presented with a pharyngeal mucosal mass lesion as a manifestation of superadded Leishmania infection is presented here. The clue to the diagnosis was the origin of the patient from an area highly endemic for leishmaniasis and the presence of unexplained polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia. The patient responded very well to therapy with amphotericin B with complete disappearance of the mucosal lesion.

scholarly journals Effects of amphotericin B on hepatitis B virus.

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Kessler ◽  
J Dixon ◽  
C R Howard ◽  
K Tsiquaye ◽  
A J Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Efficiency of a rapid assay for diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection in early ages with high levels of bilirubin

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Ali Abdul Hussein Sadeq AL-Janabi ◽  
Raid Amran Musa ◽  
Zahraa Zake Abdul Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Rapid Assay ◽  
B Virus

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) considers one of the common types of viral disease that can infect all ages of the human. Babies and children as an early age of the human life are usually infected by such type of virus with high incidence rates all over the world. An evaluation of a rapid assay (RA) in comparison with ELISA for diagnosis of HBV infection in early ages patients with a high level of bilirubin was investigated in the present study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 86 early age patients with high bilirubin levels (35 babies and 51 children) were involved in this study. Sandwich ELISA and RA were applied to detect HBsAg of HBV in the patient's blood samples.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> According to the rapid assay, all of our patients were shown a negative result for HBV infection, while the application of sandwich ELISA showed positive results in two of them (child and baby).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The RA could be used as a second chose to detect HBV infection after ELISA. The diagnostic device produce by ABNO company which was used as one of the RA was revealed less effective to detect HBV infection.</p>

scholarly journals Advances in Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Anti-Hepatitis B Virus Therapy: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11227
Author(s):  
Jing Miao ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Kaifeng He ◽  
Liwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is an infectious viral disease that is prevalent worldwide. Traditional nucleoside analogues, as well as the novel drug targets against hepatitis B virus (HBV), are associated with certain critical factors that influence the curative effect, such as biological stability and safety, effective drug delivery, and controlled release. Nanoparticle drug delivery systems have significant advantages and have provided a basis for the development of anti-HBV strategies. In this review, we aim to review the advances in nanoparticle drug delivery systems for anti-hepatitis B virus therapy by summarizing the relevant literature. First, we focus on the characteristics of nanoparticle drug delivery systems for anti-HBV therapy. Second, we discuss the nanoparticle delivery systems for anti-HBV nucleoside drugs, gene-based drugs, and vaccines. Lastly, we provide an overview of the prospects for nanoparticle-based anti-HBV agents.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus Replication by the Interferon-Inducible MxA Protein

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 2684-2691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Gordien ◽  
Olivier Rosmorduc ◽  
Cécile Peltekian ◽  
Florianne Garreau ◽  
Christian Bréchot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Reporter System ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Host Defense System ◽  
Nucleocytoplasmic Export

ABSTRACT Human MxA is an alpha/beta interferon-inducible intracytoplasmic protein that mediates antiviral activity against several RNA viruses. We had previously shown that overexpression of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid led to selective downregulation of MxA gene expression, suggesting a mechanism by which the virus escapes from the host defense system (O. Rosmorduc, H. Sirma, P. Soussan, E. Gordien, P. Lebon, M. Horisberger, C. Brechot and D. Kremsdorf, J. Gen. Virol. 80:1253–1262, 1999). In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activity of MxA protein against HBV. MxA-expressing HuH7 clones were established and transiently transfected with HBV, and viral replication was then studied. Viral protein secretion was profoundly reduced in MxA-expressing clones by 80% for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and 70% for HBV e antigen (HBeAg). The levels of intracytoplasmic HBsAg and HBeAg were reduced by about 80 and 50% in the two MxA-positive clones tested. A nearly complete disappearance of HBV DNA replicative intermediates was observed in MxA-expressing clones. Although the expression of total viral RNAs was not modified, two- to fourfold reductions in HBV cytoplasmic RNAs were found in MxA-expressing clones. This suggests the inhibition of HBV replication at a posttranscriptional level. Indeed, using the well-characterized posttranscriptional regulation element (PRE) reporter system, we were able to demonstrate a marked reduction (three- to eightfold) in the nucleocytoplasmic export of unspliced RNA in MxA-expressing clones. In addition, MxA protein did not interact with HBV nucleocapsid or interfere with HBV nucleocapsid formation. Our results show an antiviral effect of MxA protein on a DNA virus for the first time. MxA protein acts, at least in part, by inhibiting the nucleocytoplasmic export of viral mRNA via the PRE sequence.

scholarly journals Degenerate Immunogenicity of an HLA-A2-Restricted Hepatitis B Virus Nucleocapsid Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitope That Is Also Presented by HLA-B51

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 3984-3987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Thimme ◽  
Kyong-Mi Chang ◽  
Janell Pemberton ◽  
Alessandro Sette ◽  
Francis V. Chisari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccine ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Positive Target

ABSTRACT The recent identification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) epitopes restricted by multiple HLA alleles has greatly expanded the epitope repertoire available for T-cell-mediated therapeutic vaccine development. The HLA-B51-restricted peptide HBc19-27 is particularly interesting because it is located entirely within the HLA-A2-restricted HBc18-27 epitope. Here we show that HLA-B51-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for HBc19-27 from a patient with acute HBV infection were also able to lyse HLA-B51-positive target cells pulsed with HBc18-27 and to produce gamma interferon when stimulated by that peptide, implying that HBc18-27 can be presented by HLA-B51 as well as by HLA-A2. These results demonstrate the concept of degenerate immunogenicity across HLA class supertype boundaries in a human viral disease setting. In addition, they could facilitate the development of an epitope-based therapeutic vaccine to terminate chronic HBV infection that could provide a broad and diverse population coverage with a single peptide.

Precore hepatitis B virus carrying lamivudine resistant mutations are not associated with decreassed replication fitness and are sensitive to adefovir

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A64-A64
Author(s):  
R CHEN ◽  
P DESMOND ◽  
W DELANEY ◽  
D COLLEDGE ◽  
R EDWARDS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Replication Fitness

Prevalence and Clinical Implications of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes in Southern Taiwan

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee C.-M. ◽  
Chen C.-H. ◽  
Lu S.-N. ◽  
Tung H.-D. ◽  
Chou W.-J. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Southern Taiwan

Alkoholabstinenz allein verbessert die Leberfunktion und verlängert das Überleben bei der alkoholischen Lebererkrankung!

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut K. Seitz ◽  
Tatjana Arslic-Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Alkoholische Lebererkrankung ◽  
Alkoholische Steatohepatitis

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: Im Folgenden soll dargelegt werden, dass Alkoholkarenz sowohl die Leberfunktion als auch das Überleben in jedem Stadium einer alkoholischen Lebererkrankung günstig beeinflusst. Ergebnisse: Täglicher Alkoholkonsum von mehr als 25 Gramm reinen Alkohols, etwas mehr als ¼ Liter Wein beim Mann und etwa die Hälfte bei der Frau sind, mit einem erhöhten Risiko für eine alkoholische Lebererkrankung (ALE) behaftet. Die ALE besteht aus einem breiten Spektrum von histopathologischen Veränderungen. Sie beginnt immer mit einer alkoholischen Fettleber, die sich in eine alkoholische Steatohepatitis weiterentwickeln kann. Fortgeschrittene Formen der ALE beinhalten die Leberfibrose, die Leberzirrhose und das hepatozelluläre Karzinom. In der Behandlung jeder Form der ALE ist die Alkoholabstinenz von zentraler Bedeutung. Ein Großteil der alkoholischen Fettlebern bildet sich unter Alkoholkarenz oder sogar Alkoholreduktion zurück. Die alkoholische Hepatitis, ein klinisches Syndrom mit hoher Mortalität, führt ohne Alkoholkarenz innerhalb von Tagen und Wochen zum Tode. Darüber hinaus ist selbst die Leberfibrose (perivenös und perisinusoidal) unter Alkoholkarenz rückbildungsfähig. Bei allen Formen der fortgeschrittenen ALE (kompensiert und nicht-kompensierte Leberzirrhose) wird die Mortalität durch Alkoholkarenz oder signifikante Reduktion im Gegensatz zum fortgesetzten Alkoholkonsum signifikant verringert. Selbst Patienten mit alkoholischer Leberzirrhose können über mehr als 20 Jahre ohne Komplikationen weiterleben, wenn sie komplett auf Alkohol verzichten. Schlussfolgerung: Im Vergleich zu Leberzirrhose anderer Ätiologie, wie zum Beispiel Zirrhosen, die durch das Hepatitis-B Virus oder das Hepatitis-C Virus verursacht sind, haben alkoholische Leberzirrhosen unter Alkoholkarenz eine wesentlich bessere Prognose. Damit ist Alkoholkarenz eine gute Therapie und der Erfolg jeder anderen neuen Therapie muss mit Alkoholkarenz verglichen werden.

Successful treatment of hepatitis B virus associated polyarteritis nodosa with a combination of prednisolone, alpha-interferon and lamivudine

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Erhardt ◽  
Abdurrahman Sagir ◽  
Loic Guillevin ◽  
Eva Neuen-Jacob ◽  
Dieter Haussinger
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Polyarteritis Nodosa ◽  
Alpha Interferon ◽  
B Virus
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