scholarly journals Evolution of cross-tolerance to environmental stresses in populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for increased resistance to cold stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Singh ◽  
Nagaraj Guru Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Cross Tolerance ◽  
Resistance To Heat

AbstractEmpirical studies on the promiscuous species of Drosophila revealed that the laboratory evolution of resistance to a certain type of environmental stress can impact the ability of the organism to resist other kinds of stresses. The mechanisms of resistance to a particular stress are specialized and costly, then, mechanisms of resistance to other stresses can be negatively affected. However, it is also possible that at least a part of the stress resistance mechanisms is generic. With this premise we aimed to understand whether increased resistance to a cold stress can increase resistance to other types of stresses.To address this issue, we used populations of Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) that have been selected for 57-71 generations for increased resistance to cold shock (−5°C for one hour). We subjected the selected (FSB; selected for cold shock resistance, derived from BRB population) and control FCB; cold shock control, derived from BRB population) populations to a variety of environmental stresses such as cold shock, heat shock, starvation, desiccation and bacterial infection. We found that the compared to FCB populations, FSB populations had higher resistance to heat stress in terms of adult survivorship and mating ability post cold or heat shock. Desiccation resistance was observed higher in FSB females compared to FCB females but no such difference was found in males. We observed that FSB populations had lower starvation resistance relative to FCB populations. There was no difference between FSB and FCB populations in their ability to survive post bacterial infection. Our findings suggest that resistance to heat stress and desiccation (in females) are positively correlated with increased resistance to cold shock. However, resistance to starvation was negatively correlated with increased resistance to cold shock.

scholarly journals Heat shock protection against cold stress of Drosophila melanogaster

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3550-3552
Author(s):  
V Burton ◽  
H K Mitchell ◽  
P Young ◽  
N S Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Mild Heat ◽  
Shock Protection

Heat shock protein synthesis can be induced during recovery from cold treatment of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Survival of larvae after a cold treatment is dramatically improved by a mild heat shock just before the cold shock. The conditions which induce tolerance to cold are similar to those which confer tolerance to heat.

scholarly journals Heat shock protection against cold stress of Drosophila melanogaster.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3550-3552 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Burton ◽  
H K Mitchell ◽  
P Young ◽  
N S Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Mild Heat ◽  
Shock Protection

Heat shock protein synthesis can be induced during recovery from cold treatment of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Survival of larvae after a cold treatment is dramatically improved by a mild heat shock just before the cold shock. The conditions which induce tolerance to cold are similar to those which confer tolerance to heat.

scholarly journals Small heat shock protein Hsp67Bc plays a significant role in Drosophila melanogaster cold stress tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (21) ◽  
pp. jeb219592
Author(s):  
Dina Malkeyeva ◽  
Elena Kiseleva ◽  
Svetlana Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Small Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Main Function

ABSTRACTHsp67Bc in Drosophila melanogaster is a member of the small heat shock protein family, the main function of which is to prevent the aggregation of misfolded or damaged proteins. Hsp67Bc interacts with Starvin and Hsp23, which are known to be a part of the cold stress response in the fly during the recovery phase. In this study, we investigated the role of the Hsp67Bc gene in the cold stress response. We showed that in adult Drosophila, Hsp67Bc expression increases after cold stress and decreases after 1.5 h of recovery, indicating the involvement of Hsp67Bc in short-term stress recovery. We also implemented a deletion in the D. melanogaster Hsp67Bc gene using imprecise excision of a P-element, and analysed the cold tolerance of Hsp67Bc-null mutants at different developmental stages. We found that Hsp67Bc-null homozygous flies are viable and fertile but display varying cold stress tolerance throughout the stages of ontogenesis: the survival after cold stress is slightly impaired in late third instar larvae, unaffected in pupae, and notably affected in adult females. Moreover, the recovery from chill coma is delayed in Hsp67Bc-null adults of both sexes. In addition, the deletion in the Hsp67Bc gene caused more prominent up-regulation of Hsp70 following cold stress, suggesting the involvement of Hsp70 in compensation of the lack of the Hsp67Bc protein. Taken together, our results suggest that Hsp67Bc is involved in the recovery of flies from a comatose state and contributes to the protection of the fruit fly from cold stress.

Phosphorylation at tyrosine-524 influences nuclear accumulation of HSP72 with heat stress

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (6) ◽  
pp. H2143-H2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Knowlton ◽  
M. Grenier ◽  
S. R. Kirchhoff ◽  
M. Salfity
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
C Cells ◽  
Heat Shock Treatment ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Resistance To Heat

Nuclear accumulation of heat shock protein (HSP) 72 occurs after cardiac ischemia. This nuclear accumulation of HSP72 with stress occurs in other tissues and species. We postulated that nuclear accumulation of HSP72 was important for the protective effect of HSP72 and that phosphorylation of a single tyrosine (Y524) regulated nuclear accumulation of HSP72. Western blots of immunoprecipitated HSP72 from Cos-1 cells demonstrated that tyrosine becomes phosphorylated after heat shock. Treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor geldanamycin blocked nuclear accumulation of HSP72 with heat shock. Two epitope-tagged constructs were made: M17 converting Y524to aspartic acid (pseudophosphorylation) and M18 converting Y524to phenylalanine. When transfected into Cos-1 cells, M17 accumulates more rapidly and M18 less rapidly than wild-type (WT) HSP72 in the nucleus following heat shock. Cells expressing M18 had less viability after heat shock at 43.5°C than other constructs. After heat shock at 45°C, cells expressing M17 had superior survival compared with WT and M18. These data suggest that phosphorylation at Y524facilitates nuclear accumulation of HSP72 following heat stress, and substitution of aspartic acid at Y524enhances resistance to heat-shock injury.

scholarly journals CROSS-TOLERANCE MECHANISM INDUCTION IN MELON SEEDS BY PRIMING PRIOR DRYING

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Marcel Sousa Lira ◽  
Túlio Silva Lara ◽  
Amanda Cristiane Rodrigues ◽  
Sara Dousseau ◽  
Marcelo Murad Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tolerance Mechanism ◽  
Cross Tolerance ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Melon Seeds ◽  
Drying Conditions

The loss of benefits after re-drying is one of the drawbacks of the seed priming technique. Different types of stresses have been used before re-drying to preserve the priming benefits. This process may be seen as promoting cross tolerance to increase the defense mechanisms that prevent loss of viability in seeds primed after drying. We tested the effect of some stresses to induce cross-tolerance and different drying conditions with the aim of maintaining priming benefits in melon seeds. The seeds were primed in an aerated KNO3 solution (0.35M), -1.7MPa, 25 °C, in the dark for six days. The primed seeds were then submitted to slow drying, fast drying, cold shock + slow drying, cold shock + fast drying, heat shock + slow drying, heat shock + fast drying, PEG + slow drying, PEG + fast drying, ABA + slow drying, ABA + fast drying and no drying (planted directly after priming). We evaluated antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT and APX), germinability, mean time of germination (MTG) and mean rate of germination (MRG). A completely randomized design was used with three repetitions of 50 seeds in each treatment. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and means were compared by the Scott-Knott test (p ≤ 0.05). ABA increased SOD activity after drying and CAT activity was reduced by priming. APX activity was not observed. The stress submission prior to re-drying improved the MRG and reduced MTG. Therefore, the induction of the cross-tolerance mechanism could be effective to maintain priming benefits in melon seeds.

scholarly journals Evolution of reproductive traits have no apparent life-history associated cost in populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for cold shock resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karan Singh ◽  
Ekta Kochar ◽  
Prakhar Gahlot ◽  
Karan Bhatt ◽  
Nagaraj Guru Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life History ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Egg Viability ◽  
Shock Resistance

Abstract Background In insect species like Drosophila melanogaster, evolution of increased resistance or evolution of particular traits under specific environmental conditions can lead to energy trade-offs with other crucial life-history traits. Adaptation to cold stress can, in principle, involve modification of reproductive traits and physiological responses. Reproductive traits carry a substantial cost; and therefore, the evolution of reproductive traits in response to cold stress could potentially lead to trade-offs with other life-history traits. We have successfully selected replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster for increased resistance to cold shock for over 33 generations. In these populations, the ability to recover from cold shock, mate, and lay fertile eggs 24 h post cold shock is under selection. These populations have evolved a suite of reproductive traits including increased egg viability, male mating ability, and siring ability post cold shock. These populations also show elevated mating rate both with and without cold shock. In the present study, we quantified a suite of life-history related traits in these populations to assess if evolution of cold shock resistance in these populations comes at a cost of other life-history traits. Results To assess life-history cost, we measured egg viability, mating frequency, longevity, lifetime fecundity, adult mortality, larva to adult development time, larvae to adults survival, and body weight in the cold shock selected populations and their controls under two treatments (a) post cold chock and (b) without cold shock. Twenty-four hours post cold shock, the selected population had significantly higher egg viability and mating frequency compared to control populations indicating that they have higher cold shock resistance. Selected populations had significantly longer pre-adult development time compared to their control populations. Females from the selected populations had higher body weight compared to their control populations. However, we did not find any significant difference between the selected and control populations in longevity, lifetime fecundity, adult mortality, larvae to adults survival, and male body weight under the cold chock or no cold shock treatments. Conclusions These findings suggest that cold shock selected populations have evolved higher mating frequency and egg viability. However, there is no apparent life-history associated cost with the evolution of egg viability and reproductive performances under the cold stress condition.

scholarly journals Stress induction of retrotransposons mdgl at the different spermatogenesis stages of Drosophila melanogasters males

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Oksana V Pivovarova ◽  
Lubov A Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Mobile Elements ◽  
Stress Induction ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Sensitive Stage

The induction of transposition of ТЕ mdgl has been analysed at the different stages of spermatogenesis in isogenic lines of males № 2-2 и № 16 of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to Cold Shock (CSh) and Heat Shock (HSh). We found that in response to CSh and HSh multiple transpositions of mobile elements mdgl occur in each stage of spermatogenesis. It was found that meiosis was the most sensitive stage to CSh. Exposure to HSh caused the highest rate of transpositions in the meiosis and spermatogenesis stages 

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