scholarly journals A COVID-19 Reopening Readiness Index: The Key to Opening up the Economy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunju Suh ◽  
Mahdi Alhaery
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Great Pressure ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Governmental Response ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Made In

SummaryWith respect to reopening the economy as a result of the COVID-19 restrictions, governmental response and messaging have been inconsistent, and policies have varied by state as this is a uniquely polarizing topic. Considering the urgent need to return to normalcy, a method was devised to determine the degree of progress any state has made in containing the spread of COVID-19. Using various measures for each state including mortality, hospitalizations, testing capacity, number of infections and infection rate has allowed for the creation of a composite COVID -19 Reopening Readiness Index. This index can serve as a comprehensive reliable and simple-to-use metric to assess the level of containment in any state and to determine the level of risk in further opening. As states struggle to contain the outbreak and at the same time face great pressure in resuming economic activity, an index that provides a data-driven and objective insight is urgently needed.BackgroundWe are in the midst of a once-in-a-lifetime pandemic. All levels of society and governments are working together to “flatten the curve” of the infection and slow the spread of COVID-19. The universal goal is to mitigate its adverse effects on everyday life across the globe and to reduce the number of fatalities. While a vaccine is being developed, the aim is to limit the number of hospitalizations as not to overwhelm healthcare systems in any given city or country. It is well documented that certain regions and localities are more affected than others. It is imperative that containment efforts utilize state and local data at their disposal to understand the readiness of any given area prior to opening its economy, and the level of restrictions that are needed.

scholarly journals Utility of COVID-19 Decision Rules Related to Consecutive Decline in Positivity or Hospitalizations: A Data-driven Simulation Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Ejima ◽  
Kevin Maki ◽  
Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo ◽  
David B. Allison
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
White House ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Opening Up

The White House issued Guidelines for Opening Up America Again to help state and local officials when reopening their economies. These included a 'downward trajectory of positive tests as a percent of total tests within a 14-day period.' To examine this rule, we computed the probability of observing continuous decline in positivity when true positivity is in decline using data-driven simulation. Data for COVID-19 positivity reported in New York state from April 14 to May 5, 2020, where a clear reduction was observed, were used. First, a logistic regression model was fitted to the data, considering the fitted values as true positivity. Second, we created observed positivity by randomly selecting 25,000 people per day from a population with those true positivity for 14 days. The simulation was repeated 1,000 times to compute the probability of observing a consecutive decline. As sensitivity analyses, we performed the simulation with different daily numbers of tests (10 to 30,000) and length of observation (7 and 21 days). We further used daily hospitalizations as another metric, using data from the state of Indiana. With 25,000 daily tests, the probability of a consecutive decline in positivity for 14 days was 99.9% (95% CI: 99.7% to 100%). The probability dropped with smaller numbers of tests and longer lengths of consecutive observation, because there is more chance of observing an increase in positivity with smaller numbers of tests and longer observation. The probability of consecutive decline in hospitalizations was ~0.0% regardless of the length of consecutive observation due to large variance. These results suggest that continuous declines in sample COVID-19 test positivity and hospitalizations may not be observed with sufficient probability, even when population probabilities truly decline. Criteria based on consecutive declines in metrics are unlikely to be useful for making decisions about relaxing COVID-19 mitigation efforts.

Data-driven tools for assessing and combating COVID-19 outbreaks in Brazil based on analytics and statistical methods

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Exploratory Data Analysis ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Reproduction Numbers ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Using Data

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the worst public health crises in Brazil and the world that has ever been faced. One of the main challenges that the healthcare systems have when decision-making is that the protocols tested in other epidemics do not guarantee success in controlling the spread of COVID-19, given its complexity. In this context, an effective response to guide the competent authorities in adopting public policies to fight COVID-19 depends on thoughtful analysis and effective data visualization, ideally based on different data sources. In this paper, we discuss and provide tools that can be helpful using data analytics to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak in Recife, Brazil. We use exploratory data analysis and inferential study to determine the trend changes in COVID-19 cases and their effective or instantaneous reproduction numbers. According to the data obtained of confirmed COVID-19 cases disaggregated at a regional level in this zone, we note a heterogeneous spread in most megaregions in Recife, Brazil. When incorporating quarantines decreed, effectiveness is detected in the regions. Our results indicate that the measures have effectively curbed the spread of the disease in Recife, Brazil. However, other factors can cause the effective reproduction number to not be within the expected ranges, which must be further studied.

scholarly journals Strategi Pembinaan Keagamaan Muallaf Dayak Meratus Kalimantan Selatan

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nadzmi Akbar Baderun ◽  
Samsul Rani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Family Approach ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
New Religion ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Made In

Abstract A person becomes a Muslim convert because he believes in Islamic teachings' goodness, benefits, and truth. On the other hand, converts of Dayak Meratus generally still have many shortcomings and problems carrying out their new religion. Thus, the guidance of Dayak Meratus converts must be carried out by Muslims. It is still unclear that the guidance carried out for Dayak Meratus converts raises how the basic strategy for cultivating Dayak Meratus converts in South Kalimantan is necessary. Religion, supporting and inhibiting factors for converting. Data collection was carried out by observing, interviewing, and opening up documents that could present facts and events in the field. The interactive analysis process is in the following order: data collection, data condensation, data modeling, and describing and verifying conclusions. This research found that the convergence coaching program was made in detail by coaches who were in the field to suit field conditions. Dayak Meratus converts' religious guidance is carried out by using a family approach, warmth, meeting intensity or always being close to converts, teaching the practice of worship, muamalah, and instilling faith. The inhibiting factors for conversion are; lack of dai, converts are scattered over a wide area, it is challenging to gather at one place, the busyness of converts who make a living to a remote area.  

scholarly journals Big Data and Data-Driven Healthcare Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
Cheryl Ann Alexander ◽  
Lidong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Data Driven

scholarly journals Professionalization and Innovations in Nigerian Public Service: How far the Dream of Success?

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Salami Issa Afegbua
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Made In

Public service accounts for a substantial share of a country’s economic activity. It is designed as an agent of fruitful change and development in the state. The transformation of any society or system depends on the effectiveness and efficiency of its civil service. The article examines the nature of professionalization and innovation in Nigerian public service. It argues that professionalization in the public service is an overarching value that determines how its activities will be carried out. The article note that various attempts have been made in Nigeria to professionalised and encourage innovation in the public service, but these have not bring about the expected changes in the public service. It therefore advocates for professionalization and innovations as panacea to the ills of public service in Nigeria. The article concludes that no public service can meet the challenges of the twenty first century without a stronger commitment to the professionalization of its workforce.

scholarly journals Urban Crime and Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Tongxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Urban Crime ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Big Data Technologies ◽  
Urban Security ◽  
Made In

AbstractScientists have an enduring interest in understanding urban crime and developing security strategies for mitigating this problem. This chapter reviews the progress made in this topic from historic criminology to data-driven policing. It first reviews the broad implications of urban security and its implementation in practice. Next, it focuses on the tools to prevent urban crime and improve security, from analytical crime hotspot mapping to police resource allocation. Finally, a manifesto of data-driven policing is proposed, with its practical demand for efficient security strategies and the development of big data technologies. It emphasizes that data-driven strategies could be applied in cities due to their promising effectiveness for crime prevention and security improvement.

Looking to the future: what next for the dingo?

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-653
Author(s):  
Thomas Newsome
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Zoological Society ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Independent Panel ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Made In

Few animals in Australia evoke as much controversy as the dingo. There are debates about its cultural significance, what to call it, and its ecological and economic impacts. Resolving these debates requires consensus and agreement among researchers, land managers and other stakeholders. To aid this, I briefly summarise how far we have come in terms of increasing our knowledge of the ecology and behaviour of dingoes since the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales held its first symposium on the dingo in 1999. I summarise the key debates that have arisen during this period, and then summarise some of the key recommendations made in papers that were written following the 2019 symposium. I finish with some suggestions for future dingo research, focusing on (1) how we can better understand and appropriately acknowledge the cultural significance of the dingo through research, broader consultations and appropriate representations on national, state and local pest planning committees, (2) produce taxonomic consensus through the appointment of an independent panel and future research using genome-wide DNA technology, and (3) resolving ecological and economic debates via reintroduction experiments in both conservation and managed agricultural landscapes. Without such efforts, I see a future for the dingo that continues to be steeped in controversy and debate.

Mutual Value in Business Relationships

2010 ◽  
pp. 971-981
Author(s):  
Rita de Cássia Pereira ◽  
Carlo Gabriel Porto Bellini ◽  
Fernando Bins Luce
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Business Relationships ◽  
Business Relationship ◽  
Research Fronts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Relationship Assessment ◽  
Made In

Relationship marketing evolves both in quantity and quality, as we can tell from the continuous incorporation of new constructs, models and technologies, the myriad of applications in different contexts, and the interaction with other marketing and management areas. Concepts and processes in relationship marketing continue to mature significantly with the help of developments made in other research fronts. In this sense, the concept of value as communicated by authors in the field (e.g., Hogan, 2001; Möller & Törrönen, 2003) brought light to the problem of relationship assessment, if we agree that value creation is critical for companies working together in a business relationship (Walter et al., 2001); thus, value creation must be the starting point for companies and customers to assess their relationships.

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