scholarly journals The utility of Resting Pulse Rate in Defining High Blood Pressure among Adolescents in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Katamba ◽  
David Collins Agaba ◽  
Rosemary Namayanja ◽  
Agnes Namaganda ◽  
Abdul Musasizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Optimal Threshold ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional

High resting pulse rate (RPR) is associated with adverse cardiovascular events, and could be used as a marker of cardiovascular health. We determined the correlation between RPR and blood pressure (BP); and its accuracy in defining high blood pressure among adolescents attending secondary schools in Mbarara municipality, south-western Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study among secondary school adolescents aged 12-19 years in Mbarara municipality, Uganda. We captured demographic characteristics using a structured questionnaire; and measured anthropometric indices and BP. We performed a linear regression analysis to determine the relationship between RPR and blood pressure and plotted receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) to assess the accuracy of RPR in defining high BP. We enrolled 616 adolescents with a mean age of 15.6(2.0) years and 65.6% (404/616) were female. The RPR was significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in both boys (Beta = 0.22 [95%CI: 0.10; 0.36]), p<0.001 and girls (Beta = 0.51 [95%CI: 0.43; 0.60]), p<0.001. RPR was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) only in the girls (Beta = 0.23 [95%CI: 0.15; 0.30]), p<0.001. The optimal threshold for RPR in defining prehypertension was RPR≥76bpm with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.653[95%CI: 0.583-0.722], the sensitivity of 0.737 and specificity of 0.577. In defining hypertension, the optimal threshold was RPR ≥ 79bpm at a sensitivity of 0.737 and specificity of 0.719, with an AUC of 0.728[95%CI: 0.624-0.831]. Resting pulse rate was positively correlated with BP and was more accurate in defining hypertension compared to prehypertension in the study.

scholarly journals Comparison of China Reference with Different National and International References: The Prevalence of High Blood Pressure in 695,302 Children and Adolescents in a Metropolis of Yangtze River Delta, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Hai-Tao Zhang ◽  
Ri-Sheng Zha ◽  
Guo-Ping Gui ◽  
Di Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
High Risk Children

Objectives. This study aimed to compare performances of China reference and different national references on high blood pressure (HBP). Methods. A cross-sectional study including 695,302 children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years in Suzhou, China, was conducted to determine the prevalence of HBP based on U.S., international, Europe, and China references in 2016. Results. Different percentiles of height and blood pressure were found among four references. Referring to U.S. reference, the prevalence of HBP was the highest with 26.0%, followed by International reference with 20.0%, Europe reference with 19.5%, and China reference with 19.2%. McNemar tests indicated statistically significant differences between HBP prevalence comparing China reference with the other 3 references ( P < 0.001 ). The area under the curve was 0.947, 0.851, and 0.949 for U.S., international, and Europe reference, respectively. U.S. reference showed the highest sensitivity (98.2%), but the lowest specificity (91.2%), and Europe reference showed the highest kappa value (0.893). Conclusions. The prevalence of HBP varied among these four references, and the appropriate choice of reference would be important to recognize high-risk children and judge the trends of HBP prevalence in the targeted population.

scholarly journals Sustained high blood pressure and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in Tanzanian adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mussa K. Nsanya ◽  
Philip Ayieko ◽  
Ramadhan Hashim ◽  
Ezekiel Mgema ◽  
Daniel Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Settings ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Screening Algorithm ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

AbstractEstimates for prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) among adolescents in Africa vary widely and few studies, if any, have documented the results of the recommended stepwise BP screening. In this cross-sectional study in Tanzania, we aimed to estimate prevalence of sustained high BP in 3 public secondary schools using the American Academy of Pediatrics BP screening strategy. On Day 1, one screening automated office BP (AOBP) measurement (Step 1) was followed by two more AOBP measurements (Step 2). Repeat AOBP measurements were obtained after about one month on adolescents with high AOBP measurements on Day 1 (Step 3). Participants with sustained high BP underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (step 4). Of all 500 enrolled participants, the prevalence of high blood pressure at each step in the process was 36.6% (183), 25.6% (128), 10.2% (51), and 2.6%(13) respectively for Steps 1–4. All except 6 students completed all 4 steps of the BP screening algorithm as indicated. We conclude that diagnosis of hypertension in African adolescents should use multiple AOBP measurements over multiple days followed by 24-h ABPM. Screening for high BP in school settings appears to be feasible and could provide a platform for cardiovascular disease education and health promotion.

scholarly journals Low Birthweight Is Associated with Higher Risk of High Blood Pressure in Chinese Girls: Results from a National Cross-Sectional Study in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2898
Author(s):  
Xijie Wang ◽  
Yanhui Dong ◽  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Zhaogeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Chinese Girls ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the relationship between low birthweight (LBW) and blood pressure and to assess whether LBW leads to a higher risk of high blood pressure (HBP) by gender in Chinese students aged 6–18 years. Also, to investigate whether the association was affected by childhood obesity. Methods: Data was obtained from a baseline dataset of a national school-based program. Anthropometric parameters, including height, weight, and blood pressure, were measured, while birthweight and other characteristics were obtained from questionnaires. Stratified chi-squared tests were used to compare the prevalence of HBP between LBW and normal birthweight (NBW) groups in each age and sex category. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to estimate the HBP risks in each birthweight group. Results: Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a U-shaped relationship with increased birthweight. Compared to NBW groups, LBW girls showed a higher HBP risk, with an odds ratio of 1.29 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.64, p = 0.033), regardless of their current body mass index status, while no significant association in boys was found. Conclusions: Low birthweight is associated with higher HBP risk in adolescent girls, regardless of their childhood BMI status.

scholarly journals Does the type of sedentary behaviors influence blood pressurein adolescents boys and girls? A cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2575-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Machado Ferreira Tenório de Oliveira ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
Breno Quintella Farah ◽  
Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro ◽  
Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Video Games ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the association between different sedentary behaviors and high blood pressure in adolescent boys and girls. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 6,264 Brazilian adolescents (14 to 19 years old). Demographic data, obesity indicators and blood pressure, were evaluated. Time spent in the sedentary behaviors (television viewing, playing video games, using the computer, non-screen sitting and, total time sitting) were also assessed. The girls spent more time watching television than boys, whereas boys spent more time using computers and video games (12.7% vs. 7.4%, p < 0.001) than girls. Boys who watched more than four hours of television presented higher odds to give high blood pressure after adjustments for physical activity level, body mass index, age and educational level of mother (OR = 2.27, p < 0.001). In girls, we did not find a relation between sedentary behaviors and high blood pressure (p > 0.05). Television viewing time is associated with high blood pressure only boys. So, reduce this sedentary behavior, stimulating physical activities, might be essential to health, principally for male adolescents.

scholarly journals Physical activity level in people with high blood pressure

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Castelo Guedes Martins ◽  
Nirla Gomes Guedes ◽  
Iane Ximenes Teixeira ◽  
Marcos Venícios de Oliveira Lopes ◽  
Thelma Leite de Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

This study aimed to analyze the level of physical activity for people with high blood pressure cared for in a health center. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 310 individuals between 18 and 69 years of age through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The majority (80%) of participants presented low or moderate levels of physical activity. The analysis of association between sociodemographic variables and physical activity level revealed that older men from the interior of the state with higher educational levels have a greater chance of exhibiting lower levels of physical activity. The logistic regression model revealed that origin, schooling and diabetes are predictors of low physical activity level. The conclusion is that part of the sample does not match the desirable profile to practice regular physical activity.

scholarly journals Parameters Associated with Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure Levels in Greek Military Pilots

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
G. Platsas ◽  
G. Kourianidis ◽  
P. Toutouzas ◽  
C. Stefanadis ◽  
G. Vyssoulis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Life Style Changes ◽  
Military Pilots

Background: Elevated blood pressure levels (BP) continue to comprise one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Hypertension is among the most serious risk factors that relates to myocardial infarction, stroke and kidney failure. The purpose of the study was to examine factors that may contribute to presentation of hypertension in military jet pilots. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 300 jet pilots of Greek Air-Force. Several data were retrieved from medical files. Participants filled in a questionnaire about demographics, dietary habits and lifestyle factors. Arterial BP was also measured. Spearman’s r was used for correlations. Also, multivariate linear regression analysis was performed. Results: All pilots presented systolic and diastolic BP within normal range (mean: 117.5 mmHg and 77.0 mmHg, respectively). 200 pilots presented optimal BP, 80 normal BP and 20 had marginally normal BP. Most pilots were exercising up to two times weekly (66.9%), however, some reported they didn’t exercise at all (12%) and mentioned exercising for a mean period of 12.0 (±7.6) years, mainly (62.1%) outdoors with aerobic (52.4%), anaerobic exercises (5.6%) or both (42%). Factors that influenced systolic BP levels were body mass index, flight hours, HDL values and exercise intensity. Conclusion: Pilots’ medical monitoring seems adequate since there weren’t any abnormal BP values. Emphasis should be placed on the continuation of programs already in place with further refinement according to specific needs. Smoking cessation interventions are needed as well as promotion of measures that can effectively lead to long standing life-style changes and dietary modifications.

scholarly journals Association of Sleep Duration and Blood Pressure in Adolescents: A Multicenter Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Emanuela De Souza Gomes Dos Santos ◽  
Orivaldo Florencio De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that sleep duration is related to blood pressure (BP), but the findings are still inconsistent for adolescents. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between sleep duration and BP in Brazilian adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age. METHODS This study is part of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA), a multicenter, school-based, cross-sectional study in 273 municipalities in Brazil. The sample consisted of 65,643 adolescents. Sleep duration was measured by a subjective method, and BP was measured by the oscillometric method. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and BP. RESULTS The mean sleep duration was 8.14 hours (± 1.40), with significant difference between the groups according to BP levels (P &lt; 0.0001). The mean systolic and diastolic BP were 110.59 (± 11.87) and 65.85 (± 7.94) mm Hg, respectively, in the group of adolescents. Sleep duration was significantly associated with BP. Each increase 1 hour in sleep was associated with BP reduction in both sexes combined (P &lt; 0.0001). Considering the effects of covariates, each increase 1 hour in sleep was associated with systolic BP (SBP) reduction among boys (P = 0.004) and SBP elevation among girls (P = 0.009), after full adjustment. CONCLUSION The results suggest that each increase in sleep duration was associated with SBP elevation among girls. Such findings may have important implications for cardiovascular health in adolescence.

scholarly journals Comparisons of body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and a body shape index (ABSI) in predicting high blood pressure among Malaysian adolescents: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e032874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Ying Hui Tee ◽  
Wan Ying Gan ◽  
Poh Ying Lim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
A Body Shape Index

ObjectiveTo compare the performance of different anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and a body shape index to predict high blood pressure (BP) in adolescents using the 90th and 95th percentiles as two different thresholds.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingProbability proportionate to size was used to randomly select two schools in Selangor state, Malaysia.ParticipantsA total of 513 adolescents (58.9% women and 41.1% men) aged 12–16 years were recruited.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWeight, height, WC and BP of the adolescents were measured. The predictive power of anthropometric indices was analysed by sex using the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsBMI and WHtR were the indices with higher areas under the curve (AUCs), yet the optimal cut-offs to predict high BP using the 95th percentile were higher than the threshold for overweight/obesity. Most indices showed poor sensitivity under the suggested cut-offs. In contrast, the optimal BMI and WHtR cut-offs to predict high BP using the 90th percentile were lower (men: BMI-for-age=0.79, WHtR=0.46; women: BMI-for-age=0.92, WHtR=0.45). BMI showed the highest AUC in both sexes but had poor sensitivity among women. WHtR presented good sensitivity and specificity in both sexes.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that WHtR might be a useful indicator for screening high blood pressure risk in the routine primary-level health services for adolescents. Future studies are warranted to involve a larger sample size to confirm these findings.

Prevalence of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents in a Private University in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
NC Ogu ◽  
AE Ladele ◽  
DO Afolabi ◽  
JO Sotunsa ◽  
FI Ani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Classi Cation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: High blood pressure among adolescents is not as researched as it is among adults, notwithstanding that hypertension in adults is being tracked back to childhood. This study identied the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents, the age related pattern of prevalence and associated risk factors. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among university students who presented for preadmission medical examination. Blood pressuremeasurement was conducted and cut off reading was based on JNC VII classication for hypertension.  Results: A total of 952 students had complete data. Participants were aged 14 – 19 years with a mean age of 16.6 ± 1.03 years. Prevalence of hypertensionamong the adolescents was 6.4%. High blood pressure (HBP) distribution was as follows; systolic HBP (54%), diastolic HBP (31.15%) and combinedsystolic and diastolic HBP (14.75%). The risk factors significantly associated with HBP were male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking and high blood sugar (p values 0.001, 0.039, 0.001, 0.016, and 0.001 respectively). However family history of hypertension was not significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.053). The majority of the adolescents with hypertension were unaware of the morbidity. Conclusion: Hypertension is identifiable in adolescents  and it appears to increase with age. Notable risk factors for hypertension in adults are also associatedwith hypertension among adolescents. Regular screening will improve awareness and help mitigate the complications of this condition.

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