scholarly journals Association of Sleep Duration and Blood Pressure in Adolescents: A Multicenter Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Emanuela De Souza Gomes Dos Santos ◽  
Orivaldo Florencio De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that sleep duration is related to blood pressure (BP), but the findings are still inconsistent for adolescents. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between sleep duration and BP in Brazilian adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age. METHODS This study is part of the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA), a multicenter, school-based, cross-sectional study in 273 municipalities in Brazil. The sample consisted of 65,643 adolescents. Sleep duration was measured by a subjective method, and BP was measured by the oscillometric method. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and BP. RESULTS The mean sleep duration was 8.14 hours (± 1.40), with significant difference between the groups according to BP levels (P < 0.0001). The mean systolic and diastolic BP were 110.59 (± 11.87) and 65.85 (± 7.94) mm Hg, respectively, in the group of adolescents. Sleep duration was significantly associated with BP. Each increase 1 hour in sleep was associated with BP reduction in both sexes combined (P < 0.0001). Considering the effects of covariates, each increase 1 hour in sleep was associated with systolic BP (SBP) reduction among boys (P = 0.004) and SBP elevation among girls (P = 0.009), after full adjustment. CONCLUSION The results suggest that each increase in sleep duration was associated with SBP elevation among girls. Such findings may have important implications for cardiovascular health in adolescence.

A study of blood pressure in school children between the age of 6-12 years in Chennai, India: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2205
Author(s):  
Madhivanan S. ◽  
Harikrishnan E. ◽  
Kumarasamy K.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Blood pressure measurements in childhood are an important clinical examination. Present study was done to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure (BP) in children aged 6-12 years and to find its relationship with regard to age, sex, height and weight criteria and comparing the values with the available standards.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was done in primary and middle schools of Chennai from January 2016 to May 2017. Three readings of blood pressure were recorded for each subject and were correlated with age, gender, socioeconomic status and anthropometry. Data was analysed on SPSS 20.0. P value of <0.05 was considered significantResults: A total of 2002 children (1026 boys, 976 girls) of age between 6-12 years were examined over 18 months. There was an upward trend in both systolic (r = 0.437, P<0.001) and diastolic BP (r = 0.386, P <0.001) with age. There was no statistically significant difference in mean systolic and diastolic BP with gender (P = 0.10), weight (P = 0.10) and height (P = 0.10). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean systolic and diastolic BP between low and high socio-economic groups (P <0.0001). The proportion of children with hypertension was 9.54% with a slight female preponderance.Conclusions: Blood pressure measurement in children is pivotal in clinical examination. It shows a linear relationship with age and varies across socio-economic status. Periodic recording of BP would enable identify hypertension at an early age.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anthropometric Indices and Biochemical Markers in Iranian Prediabetics in Hoveyzeh Located in Southwest Iran: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Meripour ◽  
Hashem Mohamadian ◽  
Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: The number of prediabetic individuals is rising rapidly in Iran and other parts of the world. This complication seriously affects life quality and public health. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the anthropometric indices and biochemical measures among the prediabetic population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on prediabetic subjects in the Hoveyzeh population, Iran, during 2018 - 2019. A sample of 240 prediabetic individuals within the age range of 30-75 years enrolled in this study. The demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and participants’ clinical parameters were checked out in this study. Moreover, this study investigated important demographic variables associated with anthropometric and clinical parameters. Results: The results showed that the mean values of fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were 113.13 ± 6.8, 193.64 ± 115.44, and 193.64 ± 40.67 mg/dl, respectively. The mean values of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 114.75 ± 15.25 and 73.25 ± 8.81 mmHg, respectively. The results showed no statistically significant difference between clinical and demographic variables except between DBP and marital status (P < 0.05). The prevalence of prediabetes in Hoveyzeh was closely associated with some demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables. This study documented significant associations between height, hip circumference, and body mass index with both genders (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was no statistical relationship between other demographic and anthropometric variables (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings, abdominal obesity indicators may be related to prediabetes. Therefore, preventive strategies and suitable educational programs should be based on influential factors.

scholarly journals Superior versus Inferior Conjunctival Limbal Autograft with Sutures in the Management of Primary Pterygium in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dakshina Kannada - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 603-607
Author(s):  
Madhuri Upadhyaya ◽  
Sheetal Savur
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pterygium Excision ◽  
Primary Pterygium

BACKGROUND Pterygium excision with conjunctival limbal autograft (CAU) is one of the most frequently used modalities in the treatment of pterygium. The graft has traditionally been harvested from the superior bulbar conjunctiva, but this may not be possible in all patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the intraoperative difficulties and early postoperative outcomes between superior and inferior CAU in the management of primary pterygium. METHODS This hospital based cross sectional study evaluated 58 eyes of 50 patients with primary pterygium who underwent pterygium excision with conjunctival limbal autograft secured with the help of sutures over a period of 2 years from March 2018 to March 2020. In 28 eyes, the superior bulbar conjunctiva was used for grafting whereas in 30 eyes, the inferior conjunctiva was used for the same. The outcome measured was in terms of the mean surgical time, clinical symptoms and signs in the early postoperative period and recurrence rate. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 44.14 ± 12.71 years in the superior CAU group and 45.76 ± 14.51 years in the inferior CAU group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean surgical time (68.39 ± 31.51 in superior group, 2.60 ± 0.79 in inferior group; P value 0.712). The duration of follow-up after surgery was significantly more (P = 0.048) in the inferior CAU group (42.60 ± 11.71 days) as compared to the superior CAU group (37.39 ± 7.52 days). Postoperative symptoms were comparable, and no recurrence was observed in either of the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Pterygium excision with inferior conjunctival limbal autograft is safe and effective in the management of primary pterygia and may be considered as an alternative to superior graft in cases where harvesting the superior conjunctiva is not possible or not advisable. KEYWORDS Primary Pterygium, Conjunctival Limbal Autograft, Inferior Graft

scholarly journals Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019
Author(s):  
Slavko Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Suzana Cvjeticanin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

scholarly journals Relationship between sleep duration and hypertension in northeast China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Shoumeng Yan ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Xiaoyu Ma ◽  
Tianyu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesPrevious studies have reported that sleep duration might increase the risk of hypertension. However, the results have been conflicting. We investigated whether sleep duration is independently associated with hypertension. We aimed to assess the relationship between sleep duration and hypertension in a population-based cross-sectional study.MethodsIn this study we used multistage stratified cluster sampling. A total of 19 407 adults aged 18–79 years were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into three groups (<7 hours/day, 7–8 hours/day and >8 hours/day) according to self-reported sleep duration. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg or the use of anti-hypertensive medications. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine the association between hypertension and sleep duration adjusted for sociodemographic, body mass index, and lifestyle covariates.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hypertension was 32.6%. Among participants aged 18–44 years, individuals sleeping less than 7 hours per day had a higher risk of hypertension (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.46), compared with those who slept 7–8 hours per day. There were no significant associations between sleep duration and hypertension in the total sample, among middle-aged adults (45–59 years) or older adults (60–79 years).ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that short sleep duration was significantly associated with hypertension among people aged 18–44 years in northeast China.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Blood Pressure and Sleep Duration in Turkish Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Bal ◽  
Ahmet Öztürk ◽  
Betül Çiçek ◽  
Ahmet Özdemir ◽  
Gökmen Zararsız ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Turkish Children ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Orthodontic Treatment Knowledge among General Dentists and Non-orthodontic Specialists

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Asal Acharya ◽  
Praveen Mishra ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Pooja Shah
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treatment Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Concepts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
General Dentists

Introduction: General dentists and specialists other than orthodontist may encounter patient requiring orthodontic treatment. For proper counseling and referral, it is important that general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists have adequate level of orthodontic knowledge. Objective: To assess the knowledge of orthodontic treatment among general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists and to compare the knowledge between the two groups. Materials & Method: A descriptive cross sectional study using questionnaire was performed among 185 actively practicing general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists of Nepal. The questionnaire comprised of three parts. The first part included demographic details, second part contained 5 multiple choice questions regarding orthodontic counseling and third part integrated 18 questions for evaluating knowledge of orthodontic treatment. Each correct answer was given score 1 and every incorrect answer was scored zero in the third part of the questionnaire. Result: Among total participants, 60.5% think first orthodontic evaluation of a child should be carried out within 7 to 8 years of age and 44.3% think orthodontic treatment can even be started after 40 years of age. Around 66% of the participants think that orthodontic treatment cannot be performed in periodontally compromised cases. No significant difference was found between the mean scores of knowledge among general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists (p=0.891), or among dentists with different years of experience (p=0.644). Conclusion: There is a need for more education of orthodontic treatment concepts to the dentists who do not belong to orthodontic field for proper counseling and referral.

scholarly journals Comparing the Lifestyle of Veteran and Non-Veteran Families in Tehran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Alireza Afshani ◽  
Seyed Mostajad Hosseini-motlagh
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Descriptive Level

Introduction: Lifestyle of a community members  should be investiagted, especially in the devotees and their families. The present research aimed at measuring and comparing the lifestyle status of veteran and non-veteran families in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the statistical population included the veteran and non-veteran families in Tehran City and the sample size included 360 people. The research instruments were Lali, Abedi, and Kajbaf’s Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ) (2012), and All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS, 2013). The data were analyzed by SPSS v.24. At the descriptive level, graphing was performed and at the inferential level, Pearson, t-test, Friedman, and analysis of variance tests were run. Results: A significant difference was observed between the mean scores of lifestyle in two groups of Veteran and Non-Veteran in Tehran. No significant difference was found between the lifestyle scores of men and women in the Non-Veteran group as well as between the mean scores of the single and married lifestyle in the Veteran and Non-Veteran group (P<0/05). However, a significant relationship was found between health literacy and lifestyle of the veteran and non-veteran participants (p<0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that lifestyle should be considerd as a set of observable behaviors and health literacy should be investiagted as predicting variables in promoting lifestyle in the Veteran and Non-Veteran groups.

scholarly journals Gadget usage pattern and sleep quality among medical undergraduates during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3440
Author(s):  
Manasi S. Vaidya ◽  
Sonal R. Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Undergraduates ◽  
The Mean

Background: The afoot COVID-19 pandemic has covered approximately every edge of the world. Schools and colleges are temporarily shut leading to children being indoors. Thus, gadgets have become an inseparable part of life and govern the daily routine of an individual. The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of gadget usage and sleep quality among medical undergraduates during COVID-19 lockdown.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 149 medical undergraduates of Shri Vasantrao Naik Govt. Medical College, Yavatmal. Their gadget usage pattern and sleep quality before and during lockdown were measured using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire based on Smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), administered via the Google forms platform.Results: 139 (93.28%) responses were completely and correctly filled. Smartphone addiction was seen in 71 (51.08%) study subjects. The mean sleep duration before and during lockdown had no significant changes. There was linear positive correlation between SAS-SV score and PSQI score, but the correlation was not statistically significant.Conclusions: The proportion of smartphone addiction amongst medical undergraduates is significantly high and the mean sleep duration is reduced during lockdown.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of relationship between self-esteem and self-concept of students of medical sciences

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Mehdi Amirkhani ◽  
Fatemeh Habibi ◽  
Azadeh Hakimi ◽  
Majid Najafi Kalyani ◽  
Javad Salami
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Identification of the role of factors such as self-esteem and self-efficacy and the investigation of their relationship among students can bring about improvement of educational planning and enhance the teaching outcome. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy among the students of medical sciences.Methods: The present study is an analytical-descriptive which was conducted as a cross-sectional study on 394 students of Fasa University of Medical Sciences in 2016. In order to collect the data two questionnaires were used namely, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) and Rogers Self-concept Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22. The researchers used descriptive and inferential statistics such as t-test, chi-square one-way ANOVA, and correlation to analyze the data.Results: The mean and the standard deviation of self-esteem scores of female and male students were 38.23±6.80 and 37.51±6.67 respectively. The mean and the standard deviation of self-concept scores of female and male students were 9.49±3.53 and 9.43±4.14 respectively. The mean of self-concept scores of students of different majors had statistically significant difference with each other (0.011), whereas there was no statistically significant difference in self-esteem scores among students with different majors (0.442).Conclusions: Considering the statistically significant difference in students’ self-concept scores in different majors, it is suggested that we take right approaches to the improvement and enhancement of individuals’ self-concept and the creation of positive feedback.

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