scholarly journals From 5Vs to 6Cs: Operationalizing Epidemic Data Management with COVID-19 Surveillance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhil Sai Peddireddy ◽  
Dawen Xie ◽  
Pramod Patil ◽  
Mandy L. Wilson ◽  
Dustin Machi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
State And Local

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic brought to the forefront an unprecedented need for experts, as well as citizens, to visualize spatio-temporal disease surveillance data. Web application dashboards were quickly developed to fill this gap, including those built by JHU, WHO, and CDC, but all of these dashboards supported a particular niche view of the pandemic (ie, current status or specific regions). In this paper1, we describe our work developing our own COVID-19 Surveillance Dashboard, available at https://nssac.bii.virginia.edu/covid-19/dashboard/, which offers a universal view of the pandemic while also allowing users to focus on the details that interest them. From the beginning, our goal was to provide a simple visual way to compare, organize, and track near-real-time surveillance data as the pandemic progresses. Our dashboard includes a number of advanced features for zooming, filtering, categorizing and visualizing multiple time series on a single canvas. In developing this dashboard, we have also identified 6 key metrics we call the 6Cs standard which we propose as a standard for the design and evaluation of real-time epidemic science dashboards. Our dashboard was one of the first released to the public, and remains one of the most visited and highly used. Our group uses it to support federal, state and local public health authorities, and it is used by people worldwide to track the pandemic evolution, build their own dashboards, and support their organizations as they plan their responses to the pandemic. We illustrate the utility of our dashboard by describing how it can be used to support data story-telling – an important emerging area in data science.

scholarly journals New Master Mapping Reference Table (MMRT) to Assist ICD-10 Transition for Syndromic Surveillance

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke Evans ◽  
Peter Hicks ◽  
Julie A. Pavlin ◽  
Aaron Kite-Powell ◽  
Atar Baer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Reference Table ◽  
Routine Surveillance ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Council Of State

The International Society for Disease Surveillance (ISDS), in consultation with the CDC and the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), conducted a project to develop consensus-driven syndrome definitions based on ICD-10-CM codes. The goal was to have the newly created ICD-9-CM-to-ICD-10-CM mappings and corresponding syndromic definitions fully reviewed and vetted by the syndromic surveillance community, which relies on these codes for routine surveillance as well as for research purposes. The resulting tool, the Master Mapping Reference Table, may be leveraged by other federal, state, and local public health entities to better prepare and improve their surveillance, analytics, and reporting activities impacted by the ICD-10-CM transition.

Use of syndromic surveillance data to monitor poisonings and drug overdoses in state and local public health agencies

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. i43-i49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Ising ◽  
Scott Proescholdbell ◽  
Katherine J Harmon ◽  
Nidhi Sachdeva ◽  
Stephen W Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Drug Overdoses ◽  
State And Local

scholarly journals A rapidly deployed, interactive, online visualization system to support fatality management during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1943-1948
Author(s):  
Smiti Kaul ◽  
Cameron Coleman ◽  
David Gotz
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Tabular Data ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Objective To create an online visualization to support fatality management in North Carolina. Materials and Methods A web application aggregates online datasets for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection rates and morgue utilization. The data are visualized through an interactive, online dashboard. Results The web application was shared with state and local public health officials across North Carolina. Users could adjust interactive maps and other statistical charts to view live reports of metrics at multiple aggregation levels (eg, county or region). The application also provides access to detailed tabular data for individual facilities. Discussion Stakeholders found this tool helpful for providing situational awareness of capacity, hotspots, and utilization fluctuations. Timely reporting of facility and county data were key, and future work can help streamline the data collection process. There is potential to generalize the technology to other use cases. Conclusions This dashboard facilitates fatality management by visualizing county and regional aggregate statistics in North Carolina.

scholarly journals A Real-Time Machine Learning Based Public Transport Bus-Passenger Information System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menzi Skhosana ◽  
Absalom Ezugwu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cost Efficient

The era of Big Data and the Internet of Things is upon us, and it is time for developing countries to take advantage of and pragmatically apply these ideas to solve real-world problems. Many problems faced daily by the public transportation sector can be resolved or mitigated through the collection of appropriate data and application of predictive analytics. In this body of work, we are primarily focused on problems affecting public transport buses. These include the unavailability of real-time information to commuters about the current status of a given bus or travel route; and the inability of bus operators to efficiently assign available buses to routes for a given day based on expected demand for a particular route. A cloud-based system was developed to address the aforementioned. This system is composed of two subsystems, namely a mobile application for commuters to provide the current location and availability of a given bus and other related information, which can also be used by drivers so that the bus can be tracked in real-time and collect ridership information throughout the day, and a web application that serves as a dashboard for bus operators to gain insights from the collected ridership data. These were integrated with a machine learning model trained on collected ridership data to predict the daily ridership for a given route. Our novel system provides a holistic solution to problems in the public transport sector, as it is highly scalable, cost-efficient and takes full advantage of the currently available technologies in comparison with other previous work in this topic.

scholarly journals A Near Real-Time Hydrological Information System for the Upper Danube Basin

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Thomas Pulka ◽  
Ignacio Martin Santos ◽  
Karsten Schulz ◽  
Mathew Herrnegger
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Danube Basin ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Simulation Performance

The multi-national catchment of the Upper Danube covers an area of more than 100,000 km2 and is of great ecological and economic value. Its hydrological states (e.g., runoff conditions, snow cover states or groundwater levels) affect fresh-water supply, agriculture, hydropower, transport and many other sectors. The timely knowledge of the current status is therefore of importance to decision makers from administration or practice but also the interested public. Therefore, a web-based, near real-time hydrological information system was conceptualized and developed for the Upper Danube upstream of Vienna (Upper Danube HIS), utilizing ERA5 reanalysis data (ERA5) and hydrological simulations provided by the semi-distributed hydrological model COSERO. The ERA5 reanalysis data led to comparatively high simulation performance for a total of 65 subbasins with a median NSE and KGE of 0.69 and 0.81 in the parameter calibration and 0.63 and 0.75 in the validation period. The Upper Danube HIS was implemented within the R programming environment as a web application based on the Shiny framework. This enables an intuitive, interactive access to the system. It offers various capabilities for a hydrometeorological analysis of the 65 subbasins of the Upper Danube basin, inter alia, a method for the identification of hydrometeorological droughts. This proof of concept and system underlines how valuable information can be obtained from freely accessible data and by the means of open source software and is made available to the hydrological community, water managers and the public.

scholarly journals Job Satisfaction and Expected Turnover Among Federal, State, and Local Public Health Practitioners

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (10) ◽  
pp. 1782-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon P. Leider ◽  
Elizabeth Harper ◽  
Ji Won Shon ◽  
Katie Sellers ◽  
Brian C. Castrucci
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Proposed “Exposure And Symptom Triage” (EAST) Tool to Assess Radiation Exposure After a Nuclear Detonation

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Hick ◽  
Judith L. Bader ◽  
C. Norman Coleman ◽  
Armin J. Ansari ◽  
Arthur Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Complete Blood Counts

ABSTRACTOne of the biggest medical challenges after the detonation of a nuclear device will be implementing a strategy to assess the severity of radiation exposure among survivors and to triage them appropriately. Those found to be at significant risk for radiation injury can be prioritized to receive potentially lifesaving myeloid cytokines and to be evacuated to other communities with intact health care infrastructure prior to the onset of severe complications of bone marrow suppression. Currently, the most efficient and accessible triage method is the use of sequential complete blood counts to assess lymphocyte depletion kinetics that correlate with estimated whole-body dose radiation exposure. However, even this simple test will likely not be available initially on the scale required to assess the at-risk population. Additional variables such as geographic location of exposure, sheltering, and signs and symptoms may be useful for initial sorting. An interdisciplinary working group composed of federal, state, and local public health experts proposes an Exposure And Symptom Triage (EAST) tool combining estimates of exposure from maps with clinical assessments and single lymphocyte counts if available. The proposed tool may help sort survivors efficiently at assembly centers near the damage and fallout zones and enable rapid prioritization for appropriate treatment and transport. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018; 12: 386–395)

Foodborne Outbreaks Reported to the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service, Fiscal Years 2007 through 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIS ROBERTSON ◽  
ALICE GREEN ◽  
LATASHA ALLEN ◽  
TIMOTHY IHRY ◽  
PATRICIA WHITE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) works closely with federal, state, and local public health partners to investigate foodborne illness outbreaks associated with its regulated products. To provide insight into outbreaks associated with meat and poultry, outbreaks reported to FSIS during fiscal years 2007 through 2012 were evaluated. Outbreaks were classified according to the strength of evidence linking them to an FSIS-regulated product and by their epidemiological, etiological, and vehicle characteristics. Differences in outbreak characteristics between the period 2007 through 2009 and the period 2010 through 2012 were assessed using a chi-square test or Mann-Whitney U test. Of the 163 reported outbreaks eligible for analysis, 89 (55%) were identified as possibly linked to FSIS-regulated products and 74 (45%) were definitively linked to FSIS-regulated products. Overall, these outbreaks were associated with 4,132 illnesses, 772 hospitalizations, and 19 deaths. Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli was associated with the greatest proportion of reported outbreaks (55%), followed by Salmonella enterica (34%) and Listeria monocytogenes (7%). Meat and poultry products commercially sold as raw were linked to 125 (77%) outbreaks, and of these, 105 (80%) involved beef. Over the study period, the number of reported outbreaks definitively linked to FSIS-regulated products (P =0.03) declined, while the proportion of culture-confirmed cases (P = 0.0001) increased. Our findings provide insight into the characteristics of outbreaks associated with meat and poultry products.

Implementing the Cities Readiness Initiative: Lessons Learned From Boston

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard K. Koh ◽  
Loris J. Elqura ◽  
Christine M. Judge ◽  
John P. Jacob ◽  
Amy E. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Federally Funded ◽  
Local Public Health ◽  
City Population ◽  
Clinic Site ◽  
State And Local ◽  
National Preparedness

ABSTRACTThe federally funded Cities Readiness Initiative (CRI) requires seamless federal, state, and local public health coordination to provide antibiotics to an entire city population within 48 hours of an aerosolized release of anthrax. We document practical lessons learned from the development and implementation of the Boston CRI plan. Key themes center on heightened emphasis on security, a new mass protection model of dispensing, neighborhood-centric clinic site selection, online training of Medical Reserve Corps volunteers, and the testing of operations through drills and exercises. Sharing such lessons can build national preparedness. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:40–49)

scholarly journals Success in Revitalizing Weekly Disease Surveillance System in Zimbabwe Using Cell-phone Mediated Data Transmission, 2009-2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Chidawanyika ◽  
Ponesai Nyika ◽  
Joshua Katiyo ◽  
Anthony Sox ◽  
Tongai Chokuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Disease Surveillance System

Innovative approach to revitalizing Disease Surveillance System in Zimbabwe using cell-phone mediated data transmission has been a huge success. Cell phones have been successfully integrated into disease surveillance system resulting in expansion of surveillance coverage, improved completeness and timeliness. Decision makers are now able to access disease surveillance data in near real-time.

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