scholarly journals Characterisation of bacteriophage JD419, a Staphylococcal phage with an unusual morphology and broad host range

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Feng ◽  
Sebastian Leptihn ◽  
Ke Dong ◽  
Belinda Loh ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

AbstractAs an antimicrobial therapy, therapeutic phages, also known as “Phage therapy” are able to inactivate multi-drug resistant bacteria such as methicillin and vancomycin resistant S. aureus and thus present a possible treatment for infections that are otherwise incurable. In this paper, we present a novel phage called JD419, which has a remarkably wide host-range. The virulent phage JD419 exhibits an elongated capsid and was able to infect and lyse 83 of all 129 tested clinical strains (64.3%) of multi-drug resistant S. aureus including MRSA. To evaluate the potential as a therapeutic phage, we tested the ability of phage JD419 to remain infectious after treatment exceeding physiological pH or temperature. The lytic activity of the phage was retained at pH values of 6.0-8.0 and at temperatures below 50°C. As phages sometimes contain virulence genes, we sequenced the complete genome of JD419. The 45509 bp genome contains a predicted 65 ORFs, none of which show homology to any known virulence or antibiotic resistance genes. Our study illustrates that Staphylococcus phage JD419 has the potential to be used for diagnostic, prophylaxic and therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Trends in the Susceptibility of Clinically Important Resistant Bacteria to Tigecycline: Results from the TigecyclineIn VitroSurveillance in Taiwan Study, 2006 to 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 1452-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Hsu Chen ◽  
Po-Liang Lu ◽  
Cheng-Hua Huang ◽  
Chun-Hsing Liao ◽  
Chin-Te Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Susceptibility Rate ◽  
Important Drug

ABSTRACTThe TigecyclineIn VitroSurveillance in Taiwan (TIST) study, a nationwide, prospective surveillance during 2006 to 2010, collected a total of 7,793 clinical isolates, including methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) (n= 1,834), penicillin-resistantStreptococcus pneumoniae(PRSP) (n= 423), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (n= 219), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producingEscherichia coli(n= 1,141), ESBL-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae(n= 1,330),Acinetobacter baumannii(n= 1,645), andStenotrophomonas maltophilia(n= 903), from different specimens from 20 different hospitals in Taiwan. MICs of tigecycline were determined following the criteria of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST-2011). Among drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens, all of the PRSP isolates were susceptible to tigecycline (MIC90, 0.03 μg/ml), and only one MRSA isolate (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) and three VRE isolates (MIC90, 0.125 μg/ml) were nonsusceptible to tigecycline. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, the tigecycline susceptibility rates were 99.65% for ESBL-producingE. coli(MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) and 96.32% for ESBL-producingK. pneumoniae(MIC90, 2 μg/ml) when interpreted by FDA criteria but were 98.7% and 85.8%, respectively, when interpreted by EUCAST-2011 criteria. The susceptibility rate forA. baumannii(MIC90, 4 μg/ml) decreased from 80.9% in 2006 to 55.3% in 2009 but increased to 73.4% in 2010. A bimodal MIC distribution was found among carbapenem-susceptibleA. baumanniiisolates, and a unimodal MIC distribution was found among carbapenem-nonsusceptibleA. baumanniiisolates. In Taiwan, tigecycline continues to have excellentin vitroactivity against several major clinically important drug-resistant bacteria, with the exception ofA. baumannii.

scholarly journals JD419, a Staphylococcus aureus Phage With a Unique Morphology and Broad Host Range

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Feng ◽  
Sebastian Leptihn ◽  
Ke Dong ◽  
Belinda Loh ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Gene Engineering ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Phage therapy represents a possible treatment option to cure infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, including methicillin and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, to which most antibiotics have become ineffective. In the present study, we report the isolation and complete characterization of a novel phage named JD219 exhibiting a broad host range able to infect 61 of 138 clinical strains of S. aureus tested, which included MRSA strains as well. The phage JD419 exhibits a unique morphology with an elongated capsid and a flexible tail. To evaluate the potential of JD419 to be used as a therapeutic phage, we tested the ability of the phage particles to remain infectious after treatment exceeding physiological pH or temperature. The activity was retained at pH values of 6.0–8.0 and below 50°C. As phages can contain virulence genes, JD419’s complete genome was sequenced. The 45509 bp genome is predicted to contain 65 ORFs, none of which show homology to any known virulence or antibiotic resistance genes. Genome analysis indicates that JD419 is a temperate phage, despite observing rapid replication and lysis of host strains. Following the recent advances in synthetic biology, JD419 can be modified by gene engineering to remove prophage-related genes, preventing potential lysogeny, in order to be deployed as a therapeutic phage.

scholarly journals Cent ans après, le retour de la phagothérapie ?

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 806-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Health Problem ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria

Bacteriophages were advocated as therapeutic agents more than a century ago, but the advent of antibiotics relegated them to a very minor role. Today, multi-drug resistant bacteria are a serious health problem, and phage therapy enjoys renewed interest. Recent publications show that it can be effective, but also highlight the serious logistic problems involved in using this approach.

scholarly journals The emerging extensively drug resistant bacteria in a university hospital in Tunisia in 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Tilouche ◽  
N Haddad ◽  
S Boujaafar ◽  
R Elaissi ◽  
S Kahloun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Rectal Swabs ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Abstract Background The discovery of antibiotics revolutionized medicine in the 20th century, however the emergence of extensively drug-resistant bacteria constitute a growing problem in our hospitals in Tunisia and across the world. This study aims to evaluate a screening program for Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) undertaken by the Microbiology Laboratory of Sahloul University Hospital. Methods A descrptive and retrospective study was carried out between 01st April 2018 and 31th December 2019 in the university hospital Sahloul, in East Coast of Tunisia. The screening was based on rectal swabs; it concerned Medical Intensive Care Units, the postoperative unit, the paediatric and the nephrology departments. The rectal swabs were seeded on the chromID CARBASMART and chromID VRE agars(biomerieux, France)in search of CPE and VRE respectively. The identification and the antibiotic susceptibilities testing were performed using the Vitek2 System (biomerieux,France) Results In total, 191 patients were screened. Among them, 56% were admitted in Intensive Care Units, 9.95% in postoperative unit, 30.9% in paediatric department and 3.14% in the nephrology department. A total of 38 extensively drug-resistant bacteria were isolated: 20 CPE and 18 VRE. Among isolated CPE, 17 were identified as Klebsiella pneumonia: The ConfirmationKPC/MBLkit (RoscoDiagnostica, Denmark) supplemented with a disc of Temocillin showed that 7 strains produced metallo-carbapenemase and 10 strains produced OXA 48 carbapenemase. The other isoloted CPE were OXA-48 producers. All VRE were identified as Enterococcus faecium, Their Vancomycin and Teicoplanine MICs were greater than 32 mg/L. Conclusions Mastering the spread of extensively drug-resistant bacteria involves a multidisciplinary preventive strategy. It must include strict application of hygiene measures, early detection and isolation of carriers and rationalization of antibiotic use. Key messages the emergence of extensively drug-resistant bacteria constitute a growing problem that`s why Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteriaceae and vancomycin-resistant enterococci screening is crucial. Anti microbial agents use must be rationalized.

scholarly journals Phage Therapy for Mycobacterium Abscessus and Strategies to Improve Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Abdolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki ◽  
Mehdi Mirsaeidi
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Chronic Infections

Members of Mycobacterium abscessus complex are known for causing severe, chronic infections. Members of M. abscessus are a new “antibiotic nightmare” as one of the most resistant organisms to chemotherapeutic agents. Treatment of these infections is challenging due to the either intrinsic or acquired resistance of the M. abscessus complex to the available antibiotics. Recently, successful phage therapy with a cocktail of three phages (one natural lytic phage and two engineered phages) every 12 h for at least 32 weeks has been reported against a severe case of the disseminated M. abscessus subsp. massiliense infection, which underlines the high value of phages against drug-resistant superbugs. This report also highlighted the limitations of phage therapy, such as the absence of lytic phages with a broad host-range against all strains and subspecies of the M. abscessus complex and also the risk of phage resistant bacteria over treatment. Cutting-edge genomic technologies have facilitated the development of engineered phages for therapeutic purposes by introducing new desirable properties, changing host-range and arming the phages with additional killing genes. Here, we review the available literature and suggest new potential solutions based on the progress in phage engineering that can help to overcome the present limitations of M. abscessus treatment.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Phage, vB_Kpn_IME260

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaozhen Xing ◽  
Xiangchun Pan ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Guangqian Pei ◽  
Xiaoping An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common clinically important opportunistic bacterial pathogen and its infection is often iatrogenic. Its drug resistance poses a grave threat to public health. The genomic data reported here comprise an important resource for research on phage therapy in the control of drug-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Treatment of wound infections in a mouse model using Zn2+-releasing phage bound to gold nanorods

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUAN PENG ◽  
Daniele Rossetto ◽  
Sheref Mansy ◽  
Maria Jordan ◽  
Kenneth Roos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria, particularly gram-negative organisms, are increasingly difficult to treat using antibiotics. A potential alternative is phage therapy, in which phages infect and lyse the bacterial host. However, phage therapy poses serious drawbacks and safety concerns, such as the risk of genetic transduction of antibiotic resistance genes, inconsistent pharmacokinetics, and unknown evolutionary potential. In contrast, metallic nanoparticles possess precise, tunable properties, including efficient conversion of electronic excitation into heat. In this work, we demonstrate that engineered phage-nanomaterial conjugates that target the gram-negative pathogen P. aeruginosa, are highly effective as a treatment of infected wounds in mice. Photothermal heating, performed as a single treatment (15 min) or as two treatments on consecutive days, rapidly reduced the bacterial load and released Zn2+ to promote wound healing. The phage-nanomaterial treatment was significantly more effective than systemic fluoroquinolone antibiotics in reducing both bacterial load and wound size, and was notably effective against a P. aeruginosa strain resistant to polymyxins, a last-line antibiotic therapy. Unlike these antibiotics, the phage-nanomaterial showed no detectable toxicity or systemic effects in mice, consistent with the short duration and localized nature of phage-nanomaterial treatment. Our results demonstrate that phage therapy controlled by inorganic nanomaterials can be a safe and effective antimicrobial strategy in vivo.

Reduction in Nosocomial Transmission of Drug-Resistant Bacteria After Introduction of an Alcohol-Based Handrub

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 650-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred M. Gordin ◽  
Maureen E. Schultz ◽  
Ruth A Huber ◽  
Janet A. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tertiary Care Medical Center ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

AbstractObjective:To assess quantitatively the clinical impact of using an alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) in the hospital environment, measuring impact as the incidence of new, nosocomial isolates of drug-resistant organisms.Design:An observational survey from 1998 to 2003 comparing the first 3 years of no ABHR use with the 3 years following, when an ABHR was provided for hand hygiene.Setting:An inner-city, tertiary-care medical center.Intervention:At baseline, an antimicrobial soap with 0.3% triclosan was provided for staff hand hygiene. The intervention was placement in all inpatient and all outpatient clinic rooms of wall-mounted dispensers of an ABHR with 62.5% ethyl alcohol. Data were collected on change in the incidence of three drug-resistant bacteria.Results:During the 6 years of the survey, all new, nosocomially acquired isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea were recorded. On comparison of the first 3 years with the final 3 years, there was a 21% decrease in new, nosocomially acquired MRSA (90 to 71 isolates per year; P = .01) and a 41% decrease in VRE (41 to 24 isolates per year; P < .001). The incidence of new isolates of C. difficile was essentially unchanged.Conclusion:In the 3 years following implementation of an ABHR, this hospital experienced the value of reductions in the incidence of nosocomially acquired drug-resistant bacteria. These reductions provide clinical validation of the recent CDC recommendation that ABHRs be the primary choice for hand decontamination. (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:650-653)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document